RU2583805C2 - Blasting assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.

SUBSTANCE: ammunition with such blasting assemblies (BA) is intended both for instantaneous actuation when coming across a stiff obstacle at different approach angles and for its actuation immediately after it passes through the obstacle - after-obstacle action. BA can detect the target automatically depending on its hardness, thickness and approach angles. The assigned task is achieved due to installation into BA of four electrical inertia target sensors, each of which is actuated when it comes across an obstacle at certain overloads. Two target sensors provide after-obstacle BA actuation; with that, when one of them comes across an obstacle, it opens, and the other one closes at overloads exceeding opening overloads of the first sensor. When the ammunition passes the obstacle, the overloads acting on the ammunition are reduced and opening and closing of the sensors is performed in reverse sequence; with that, signals from the sensors are fixed by an electronic unit that supplies a command for actuation of a BA safety actuating mechanism. Instantaneous actuation of the ammunition is provided by means of the third target sensor when coming across an obstacle at narrow angles (at rebounding). Instantaneous actuation of the ammunition is provided by means of the fourth target sensor when it comes across a stiff obstacle.

EFFECT: invention allows improving BA reliability, sensitivity and safety and simplifying its design.

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Description

The invention relates to devices for detonating ammunition with an on-board power source and can be used in air bombs, shells or missiles, designed both for instant operation and for detonating them after passing an obstacle.

The fuses MRV-U and V-24A are known, listed on pages 40 and 419 in the publication “Weapons and Technologies of Russia. Encyclopedia. XXI Century ”, Volume XII“ Ammunition and Means of Destruction ”, Arms and Technologies Publishing House, Moscow, 2006. The disadvantage of such fuses is that the time set in the fuse is fixed and it cannot provide effective ammunition depending on different thickness of the barrier (ammunition can work either in the barrier itself or far beyond the barrier).

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is the fuse (TRIMODE FUZE) according to the patent, which is a set of mechanical target sensors that provide double action of the ammunition (instantaneous and with a fixed delay) with the addition of a sensitive mechanism that ensures the operation of the ammunition when passing an obstacle of a certain density and thickness after falling overloads below a predetermined sensitivity limit US 5.872.324 from 02.16.1999, (prototype). The disadvantage of this fuse is that the triggering of a sensitive mechanism (one of the target sensors), which ensures the destruction of ammunition after passing the obstacle, can only occur if the obstacle is relatively dense and the overload when it passes is sufficiently large and long so that the inertial sleeve has time to compress the spring and the balls would have time to roll out and release the sting. In real conditions, the fuse can only work on soil of a certain density with a thickness of more than 2-3 m or concrete with a thickness of more than 1-2 m.

However, it is almost impossible to ensure at the same time the reliability of the action of the sensitive mechanism on the indicated obstacles and the standard safety requirements in official handling (for example, when throwing ammunition from 3 m onto concrete, a steel plate or a board floor).

The problem solved by the present invention is automatic target recognition, regardless of the type and thickness of the barrier: if the obstacle is very hard and tough, the ammunition is instantly triggered both in normal and when the ammunition meets the obstacle during rebound; if the barrier is not rigid enough, the munition fires immediately after passing the barrier, i.e. provides ammunition action regardless of the thickness of the barrier.

The task is achieved in that the proposed design of the control unit contains a block of 4 target sensors, which are inertial electrical contactors located in one housing:

- the first target sensor, normally closed, opens when axial overloads occur when encountering an obstacle and are commensurate with overloads acting on the flight, that is, on the flight it may open;

- the second target sensor, normally open, closes during overloads arising from the passage of the obstacle and exceeding the working overload of the first contactor, that is, it cannot be closed during flight;

- the third target sensor, normally open, closes during lateral overloads when it encounters an obstacle during a rebound or when it falls;

- the fourth target sensor, normally open, closes with axial overloads that occur when meeting with a rigid barrier, ensuring the operation of the ammunition on the surface of the barrier before it collapses.

To process the signals issued by the target sensors, an electronic unit is placed on board the ammunition, which gives a signal for the operation of the safety-executive mechanism and the detonation of the warhead.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the proposed explosive device, FIG. 2 - the location of the target sensors in the housing, in FIG. 3 shows the construction of target sensors No. 2 and No. 4 in axial longitudinal section and in FIG. 4 - the design of the sensors of the target No. 1 and No. 3 in a longitudinal axial section. The following abbreviations are used in the text of the description: VU - explosive device, DC - target sensor, EB - electronic unit, PIM - safety-actuating mechanism.

On board the munition placed WU (Fig. 1), consisting of PIM 1, EB 2 and DC 3, which includes electrical contactors (Fig. 2) No. 1, 2, 3 and 4:

DC No. 1 pos. 5 (Fig. 2 and 4) in the service position is closed and opens during axial overloads, for example, from 30 to 300 units;

DC No. 2 pos. 4 (Fig. 2 and 3) in the service position is open and closes with axial overloads, for example, from 600 to 1000 units;

DC No. 3 pos. 6 (Fig. 2 and 4) in the service position is open and closed during lateral overloads, for example, from 100 to 500 units;

DC No. 4 pos. 7 (Fig. 2 and 3) in the service position is open and closes with axial overloads, for example, from 15,000 to 40,000 units.

All target sensors are placed in a plastic sleeve 8 (Figs. 3 and 4), placed in a metal cup 9, rolled onto a plastic cover 10 with terminals 11, and filled with a compound.

DC No. 1 pos. 5 and DC No. 2 and pos. 4 (FIGS. 3 and 4), protected by patent No. 2.333.458 (RU) of November 10, 2008, consist of a cap 12 in which are placed: a fixed contact, consisting of a sleeve 13, a rivet 14 with a strap 15, and a movable a contact consisting of a load 16, a terminal 17 or 18, and a spring 19 having characteristics that make it possible to close or open the contacts at corresponding overloads.

DC No. 3 pos. 6 (FIGS. 2 and 4), protected by patent No. 2,380.653 (RU) of November 27, 2008, consists of terminal 20 and a metal cap 21, which is one of the contacts in which the second contact, which consists of a metal disk 22, is placed with the output 23, placed in the insulating sleeve 24, the spring 25, the plastic sleeve 26 and the ball 27. The closure of the sensor contacts occurs using the ball under the action of lateral overloads.

DC No. 4 pos. 7 (Figs. 2 and 3) - adjustable, protected by patent No. 139015 (RU) of 06/18/2013, consists of a metal housing 28 in which a fixed contact is placed, consisting of a rivet 29 with a terminal 30, placed in a plastic threaded sleeve 31, and a movable contact, consisting of a stop 32 with a spring 33, pressed by a metal screw 34. Contact closure in this sensor occurs during overloads, for example, from 15,000 to 40,000 units, the value of which is determined depending on the strength of the ammunition.

In normal mode, the target sensors work as follows: when meeting an obstacle and passing through it when overloads, for example, (30-300) units, are reached, the contacts of pos. 15 and 18 in the DC No. 1 pos. 5 (Fig. 4); Further, when overloads are reached, for example, (600-1000) units, the contacts of pos. 15 and 17 in the DC No. 2 pos. 4 (Fig. 3). Signals from DC No. 1 pos. 5 (Fig. 4) and DC No. 2 pos. 4 (Fig. 3) enter the EB 2 (Fig. 1). With the further passage of the obstacle by the ammunition, the overload after reaching its maximum value due to the destruction of the obstacle begins to decrease and when, for example, it reaches (600-1000) units. DC No. 2 pos. 4 (FIG. 3) opens. When the overload is reduced, for example, to (30-300) units, which means that the ammunition passes the obstacle, DC No. 1 poses. 5 (Fig. 4), while the signals from DC No. 1 and DC No. 2 are received in EB 2, which after a certain time issues a command to fire the PIM ammunition: the warhead is triggered after passing the obstacle (militant action of the ammunition). To detonate the ammunition at a certain distance from the obstacle after it has passed, it is necessary to provide a delay in the electronic warhead for the warhead to operate after issuing a command from DC No. 1 and DC No. 2.

When the ammunition meets the obstacle at an angle, the DC # 3 poses. 6 (Fig. 2 and 4) and the instant operation of the ammunition or operation with a delay provided by the electronic control unit.

If the overloads when meeting an obstacle are, for example, from 15,000 to 40,000 units, then the regulated DC No. 4 poses. 7 (Fig. 2 and 3) and also the instant operation of the ammunition.

In official circulation, closing and opening of the DC does not lead to the operation of ammunition, because Power is supplied to the EB after the shot.

The proposed solution to the technical problem will improve the reliability, sensitivity and safety of the VU, as well as simplify the design with small dimensions.

Claims (1)

An explosive device containing mechanical target sensors that operate at specified overloads, characterized in that the target sensors, electrically connected to the electronic unit and the safety-actuating mechanism, are equipped with normally closed and normally open contacts and are capable of opening contacts of the first sensor with normally-closed contacts during overloads, less overloads of contact closure of the second sensor with normally-open contacts at m action, the closure of the contacts of the third sensor with normally open contacts in case of lateral overloads and the closure of the contacts of the fourth sensor with normally open contacts in case of overloads arising from a meeting with a hard barrier until the munition is destroyed.

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