RU2380653C2 - Safe-and-actuate mechanism of missile warhead - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed mechanism comprises arming system, activation system and safety system for abnormal conditions. Also it incorporates side-action inertial contactor consisting of a flat electric contact, cylindrical electric contact, ball, spring-loaded insulation sleeve with face recess that holds said ball inside said cylindrical electric with a clearance.

EFFECT: simplified design, reduced overall dimensions, higher reliability.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technical devices for engaging warheads (warheads) of ammunition with an on-board power supply (BIP), mainly guided missiles, which have a marching engine.

The known safety-executive mechanism (PIM) (RU 2301960 C2, 07.07.2005 - prototype), in which the task of self-destruction of ammunition during a miss (when the head contacts are not closed) is carried out by the pyrotechnic self-destruction unit, which detonates after a certain time from the moment of the shot. The disadvantage of this solution is the large amount of gases generated during the combustion of pyrotechnics, as a result of which the electrical insulation resistance of the PIM and its reliability are significantly reduced. In addition, to accommodate pyrotechnics, it is required to additionally increase the dimensions of PIM.

The problem solved by the invention is to simplify the design, reduce the size with increased reliability and safety of ammunition in normal and emergency modes, in official use and when fired.

Common salient features are:

- the presence of the marching engine of the rocket munition, starting to work after launch; - the presence of an onboard power supply connected to the PIM also after start-up; - equipping PIM with systems of combat cocking, full-time engagement, emergency protection and a self-liquidation system. A new sign is the presence of a detonation system at small angles of encounter with an obstacle combined with a self-destruction system. This system is made in the form of a flat electrical contact, a cylindrical electrical contact, a ball, a spring-loaded insulating sleeve with an end recess holding the ball inside the cylindrical electrical contact with a gap, while the sensitivity of the system is ensured by the size of the gap between the ball and the cylindrical electrical contact, the size of the recess in the sleeve and the magnitude of the spring force.

Causal relationships between the essential features of the claimed invention and the mechanism for obtaining a technical result are described in the section "implementation of the invention".

Figure 1 shows the electrical circuit of the PIM, figure 2 shows the design of the PIM in axial section along the damper, figure 3 is a top view of the PIM without a cover and gaskets, figure 4 is a section through the inertial trigger, the side-by-side mechanism, pyrotechnic fuse and electric igniter, figure 5 - the same as in figure 1, but after cocking.

The following abbreviations are used in the text of the description: PIM - safety-executive mechanism, warhead - warhead, BM - blocking mechanism, BIZ - side-by-side inertial contactor, EV - electric igniter, ED - electric detonator, BIP - on-board power supply.

The PIM electrical circuit (Fig. 1) contains an inertial trigger 1, an electric igniter (EV) 2, an electric capacitor 3, an electric detonator (ED) 4 with electrical contacts shunting it 5, a side-by-side inertial contactor (BIZ) 6, resistors 7 and 8. All elements, located in the PIM, in Fig.1 circled by a thin line. On board the ammunition there are head contacts 9, which are closed when meeting with a target, an on-board power supply (BIP) 10 and electrical contacts 11, which are closed after the ammunition is launched. The detonator 12 is located in the warhead of the munition.

All nodes, elements and parts are placed (2, 3) in the sleeve 13, which is installed in the housing 14, is covered with a getinax plate 15 with a rubber sealing ring 16 and pressed against the cover 17. The plate and the cover have central holes 18 and 19 for unhindered passage detonation pulse, and punched thin strip 20 of aluminum foil (up to 0.1 ... 0.2 mm) installed between them, ensures tightness of the PIM. During cocking, the shutter 21 is moved by a spring 22 mounted on the stepped shaft 23. A conical hole 24 is made in the shutter 21, through which a detonation pulse is transmitted when the shutter is cocked, and closing the said hole by the spring in the combat position does not detract from the reliability of this transmission, but significantly reduces the size damper assembly. The spring 22 is made strong enough to hold the damper in a combat position without the use of special locks, as is done, for example, in the well-known solution RU 2255302, 02.17.2002, the reliability of its operation is ensured by the fact that it is dressed on a smaller diameter of the stepped rod 23, rests with one end on the end face of its larger diameter, and the second - on the end face of the groove, made in the valve for interfacing with the specified thin part of the stepped rod. In the uninhibited position, the ED 4 is blocked by the steel material of the damper, and the hole 24 for transmitting the detonation pulse is offset relative to the axis of the ED 4, the damper 21 is held by the stopper 25 (Fig. 4). The end face 26 of the stopper is spring-loaded 27 to the pyrotechnic compositions 28, which, burning, provide long-range cocking time. Details 25, 27, compositions 28, together with the glass 29 in which they are mounted, constitute a pyrotechnic fuse. If the latter is triggered by an emergency situation (for example, the pyrotechnic composition will burn out in case of fire), the stopper 25 will release the shutter 21, but the blocking mechanism (BM) containing the step sleeve 30 (figure 2) with the protrusion 31 and the centering cone will prevent the latter from moving to the firing position. 32, as well as the spring 33. BM is mounted in the cap 34. The inertial closure 1 (Figs. 1, 4) is mounted in the cap 35 and contains two contacts, one of which 36 is fixed, and the second 37 is located on the inertial mass 38, pressed from first contact pr dinner 39. The lateral inertial contactor (BIZ) is mounted in the cap 40 (figure 4), which serves as a cylindrical electrical contact. The BIZ also contains a flat electrical contact 41, to which is pressed by a spring 42 through an insulating sleeve 43, a ball 44, which serves as an inertial body. The ball is held inside the cylindrical electrical contact 40 with a gap due to the recess 45 made at the end of the insulating sleeve 43. The dimensions of the gap between the parts 40 and 44, the recess 45, the parameters of the spring 42 are selected so that the BIZ provides the necessary sensitivity and at the same time does not work when meeting light obstacles such as branches, nets, plywood, etc.

In normal mode, PIM operates as follows. After the ammunition is started, the electrical contacts 11 are closed (Fig. 1), the inertial contactor 1 is closed, and voltage is supplied to the EV 2 through the resistor 10 through the resistor 7, the latter is activated and ignites the pyrotechnic compositions 28 (Fig. 4). After a long cocking time, the stopper 25, under the influence of the spring 27, lowers and releases the shutter 21. If the rocket propulsion engine is operating at that time, then under the influence of the overloads it creates, the sleeve 30 (figure 2), compressing the spring 33, is constantly in the upset (lower) position and does not interfere with the movement of the valve 21 in the combat position. In the firing position, the shutter hole 24 is installed on the same axis with the ED 4, the electrical contacts 5 open, removing the shunt with the ED 4. By this time, from the BIP 10 (Fig. 1) through the electrical contacts 11 and the resistor 8, the electric capacitor 3 will be charged, accumulating enough energy for triggering ED 4 even in the event of failure or shutdown of the BIP 10. PIM cocked (Fig.5). When meeting for the purpose, the head contacts 9 are closed (Fig. 1), the electric capacitor 3 is discharged to the ED 4, the latter is triggered, the detonation pulse through the conical focusing hole 24, punching the gasket 20, is transmitted to the detonator 12, it is triggered and undermines the warhead. If there was a miss, or a meeting with a target at a slight angle, or a meeting with “light” soils on the ground and the head contacts 9 did not close, then the contacts of the BIZ 6 are triggered, and the warhead will self-destruct according to the above scheme. Thus, if all PIM devices are conventionally assigned to one of the systems, then the following elements are sequentially involved in the combat cocking system: 11, 1, 10, 7, 2, 28, 25, 22, 21, 30, 33, 5, 8, 3. In the normal mode, the following elements and parts from the standard engagement system work: 3, 9 or 6, 4, 12.

In case of emergency, the safety of the PIM is ensured as follows. When falling from a great height in official circulation or from shaking during transportation, the contacts of the BIZ 6 can close (Fig. 1), but the PIM will not be undermined, because the electrical contacts 11 are open, the capacitor 3 is not charged, the shutter is not cocked. PIM will not operate even if an accidental voltage pickup appears on the terminals of the ED 4, because the latter is shunted by electrical contacts 5.

If the inertial contactor 1 closes from falling or shaking (pins 36 and 38 in FIG. 4), then EV 2 will not work, because the electrical contacts 11 are open. BM sleeve 30 (FIG. 2) may briefly fall from the fall, but the shutter 21 will be held by the stopper 25 (FIG. 4) of the pyrotechnic fuse and the sleeve 30 will return to its original position. The same thing will happen if the sleeve 30 drops under the action of overloads during a shot, but will not be held in a precipitated position from a running marching engine, or if it shuts off before the time of long cocking (the so-called “peck” of the rocket will occur). If the stopper 25 falls to the lower position as a result of abnormal burning out of the pyrotechnic compositions 28 (Fig. 4), for example, from a fire, then the shutter 21 will abut under the influence of the spring 22 into the sleeve 30, which in the future, even if the sustainer engine will not work go down and release the shutter, as its protrusion 31 abuts against a recess 46 made on the shutter. If a missile starts with closed head contacts 9 (an emergency situation), and also if these contacts or BIZ 6 contacts close in flight, for example, in case of an accidental encounter with obstacles before the long-range cockup time expires, then the absence of premature operation of ED 4 will be ensured by shunted contacts 5 and the lack of sufficient charge of the capacitor 3, because the parameters of the resistor 8 are selected so that the current flowing through it is less than the safe operating current of the ED 4, but so that the resistor 8 provides a full charge of the electric capacitor 3 after the expiration of the long cocking time. So, the following nodes and elements should be attributed to the PIM protection system in case of emergency: 11, 3, 5, 8, 30, 31, 25, 21, 22, 23, 46. To the engaging system at small meeting angles with an obstacle combined with self-destruction system, elements 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 3, 4, 12 should be attributed.

The advantage of PIM is the simplicity of design, small dimensions with high reliability and safety of ammunition.

Claims (6)

1. The safety-executive mechanism for the warhead of a guided missile ammunition with a marching engine having an on-board power supply connected to the safety-executive mechanism after launch, containing a cocking system, a standard engagement system and an emergency protection system, characterized in that it contains a lateral inertial contactor, consisting of a flat electrical contact, a cylindrical electrical contact, a ball, a spring-loaded insulating sleeve with a butt evy recess, holding the ball inside the cylindrical electrical contact with a gap. 2. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensitivity of the side-contact inertial contactor is ensured by the size of the gap between the ball and the cylindrical electrical contact, the size of the recess in the sleeve and the magnitude of the spring force. 3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the combat cocking system contains an electric capacitor connected to the on-board power source after the ammunition is launched through a resistor, an inertial contactor that triggers when the ammunition is launched, an electric igniter, a pyrotechnic long-range cocking stop, which holds the movable gate, and blocks the mechanism that is triggered after the start of the operation of the main engine. 4. The mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the shutter displacement assembly comprises a stepped guide rod and a compression spring, one end of which abuts against the step of the rod, and the second into the socket made in the shutter. 5. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the standard engagement system comprises an electric detonator operating from an electric capacitor when the ammunition head contacts are closed and transmitting a detonation pulse to the warhead detonator through a conical hole in the cocked flap, and a punched thin foil installed between the insulating gasket and a cover having axial holes. 6. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency protection system includes electrical contacts that rely on the unzawed shutter and bypass the electric detonator until cocking, and a protrusion on the working part of the locking mechanism, configured to interact with undercutting on the shutter.

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