RU2581690C1 - Reactor for decomposition of wastes of hard alloys with gaseous zinc - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metallurgy of secondary non-ferrous metals. Reactor comprises lined body, graphite case made up of two barrels, one of which is located in heating zone, and other is in condensation zone, heating element arranged on outer side of cartridge in heating zone and connected through graphite electrodes with transformer, and contact point cups partition with axial hole, which is sealed high-temperature gasket. Heating element can be made in form of thin-walled graphite cylinder with slots.

EFFECT: reduced duration of distillation of zinc and high porosity of obtained product is enabled.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the metallurgy of secondary non-ferrous metals and can be used for the processing of lumpy waste of hard alloys based on tungsten carbide, titanium, tantalum with a cobalt or nickel binder.

A device for processing scrap and waste of hard alloys in a compression-vacuum apparatus connected to a water-cooled condenser and placed in a vacuum furnace with nichrome heaters is known. Inside the apparatus, on a graphite base connected by a nozzle to a condenser, a composite reactor is installed from a column of shaped cylindrical graphite plates with axial through nozzles (see German patent No. 3144284, IPC С22В 7/00, С22С 3/00, publ. 19.05.83).

The disadvantages of this device are the design complexity, high power consumption, as well as the complexity of the process.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is an apparatus for processing solid alloy waste by the zinc method, including a vacuum reactor with a graphite pencil case made in the form of two glasses, one of which is located in the heating zone and the other in the condensation zone, and a heating element (see RF patent No. 2341571, IPC ⁷ C22B 34/36, 7/00, published on December 20, 2008).

The disadvantages of the prototype are the use of undivided reaction space, which reduces the mass of the processed material and, as a result, the productivity of the apparatus decreases, and also thick walls of a graphite cup are used as a heater, which forces the use of high currents of the power furnace transformer, which increases the energy consumption and reduces the heating rate , increases the duration of the process.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to reduce energy consumption and the cost of processing solid waste.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the reactor for the destruction of solid alloy waste by gaseous zinc, which includes a vacuum reactor with a graphite pencil case made in the form of two glasses, one of which is located in the heating zone and the other in the condensation zone, and a heating element, according to the invention, the graphite pencil case at the contact point of the glasses is equipped with a baffle with an axial hole, which is sealed with a high-temperature gasket, and the heating element is located on the outside of the glass, located in not heating, and connected through graphite electrodes to a transformer.

The heating element is made in the form of a thin-walled graphite cylinder with slots.

This design will reduce energy consumption and the cost of processing solid alloy waste by reducing the duration of zinc distillation.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 is a sectional perspective view of the reactor; FIG. 2 is a section along Α-A, in FIG. 3 - heating element.

The reactor for the destruction of solid alloy waste by gaseous zinc consists of a housing 1 with a loading hatch 2, a graphite case made in the form of two glasses 3, 4, one of which is located in the heating zone and the other in the condensation zone, of the heating element 5 located on the outside cup 4 and made in the form of a thin-walled graphite cylinder with slots 6, and connected through graphite electrodes 7 to a transformer (not shown in Fig. 2).

The graphite pencil case is divided by a partition 8 with an axial hole 9 and sealed with a high-temperature gasket 10 at the contact point of the glasses 3, 4.

To control and regulate the temperature in the heating zone, a thermocouple 11 is installed, and to create a vacuum, the housing 1 is equipped with a pipe 12.

The reactor destruction of solid alloys with gaseous zinc works as follows.

A graphite case was installed in the reactor 1 through the loading hatch 2 (see Fig. 1).

Zinc was loaded into a glass 4 of a graphite pencil case, which was placed in a hot zone, and solid alloy waste was loaded into a cold zone of a glass 3. Inside the reactor, after sealing, a vacuum was created through the nozzle 12. The beaker 4 was heated to a temperature of 950 ° C using a heating element 5 located on the outside of the beaker 4, the current to which was supplied from the transformer through graphite electrodes 7 (see Fig. 2). The temperature in the hot zone was controlled using a thermocouple 11.

Gaseous zinc penetrated from the hot zone into the condensation zone through an axial hole 9 in the baffle 8 and led to the destruction of solid alloy waste. After the destruction of the hard alloy, the resulting product was a brittle porous zinc-containing material that was transferred from the cold zone of the reactor to the hot one. Further, the process was repeated with the next loading of hard alloys into the cold zone.

The high temperature gasket 10 prevented zinc vapor from entering the reaction zone into the vacuum system.

Using the proposed reactor design will allow, in comparison with the prototype, to increase the porosity of the product, to drastically reduce the duration of the zinc distillation operation and, consequently, the energy consumption and the cost of processing solid alloy waste.

Claims (2)

1. A reactor for the destruction of solid alloy waste by gaseous zinc, including a lined housing, inside of which there is a graphite pencil case made in the form of two glasses, one of which is located in the heating zone and the other in the condensation zone, and a heating element, characterized in that graphite the case at the contact point of the glasses is equipped with a partition with an axial hole, which is sealed with a high-temperature gasket, and the heating element is located on the outside of the glass in the heating zone and is connected through graphite ektrody transformer. 2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element is made in the form of a thin-walled graphite cylinder with slots.

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