RU2580558C1 - Method of producing glass-silica - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of glass-silica. Method involves preparation of glass granules, sintering, annealing, fire polishing surface, cutting blocks of diamond tool, control of quality of finished products. Glass-containing material used is a mixture obtained from glass granulate from scrap glass with silica gel at a weight ratio of 20:1, which is previously introduced in an amount of 0.1 wt% of dye salts of cobalt, chromium, nickel, manganese and iron. Sintering is carried out at temperature of 850 °C.

EFFECT: technical result of invention is to eliminate process step of lamellar filling lower and upper layers glass-silica, wherein sintering is carried out at a lower temperature.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of glass siliceous used in construction.

The prior art "Steklokremnezit", RF patent No. 2097344, comprising filling in the metal form of the upper thin layer of quartz sand with a particle size module of 2.0-2.4, subsequent filling of the upper layer of a mixture of magnesium fluoride with crushed waste optical glass fraction 1, 25-5.0 mm, sintering of granules at a temperature of 1300 ° C in an oven for 30 minutes, crystallization and annealing of products.

The disadvantage of the analogue is significant energy costs due to the high sintering temperature, as well as the use of expensive raw materials, in particular magnesium fluoride, and as a result, the high cost of the final product.

Closest to the proposed method according to the technical nature and the achieved result is a method of producing glass silica [Budov V. M., Sarkisov P. D. Production of building and technical glass: Textbook. for vocational schools. 4th ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Vysshaya Shkola, 1991. - 319 p.], Including the production of glass granulate from a melt, laying granulate into molds, sintering at a maximum temperature of 920-960 ° C and annealing with simultaneous fire polishing of the surface. The granulate is loaded into the mold to a height of 30-35 mm in two layers: the bottom layer (70%) - pure granulate or its mixture with 15% sand; the top layer (30%) is colored granulate (mix it with dyes or colored glass). After firing, the plates are removed from the molds, cooled to 25 ° C and cut with a diamond tool to the specified dimensions.

The disadvantage of this method of producing glass silicones is the length of the process, the high complexity and energy consumption of the technological operation of layer-by-layer filling of the lower and upper layers of glass granulate, which significantly increases the cost of the final product.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to simplify the method of producing glass silica fume and improve the quality of the final product while reducing its cost.

The technical result of the invention is to eliminate the technological operation of layer-by-layer filling of the lower and upper layers of glass granulate, while sintering is carried out at a lower temperature.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of producing glass silica fume, including the preparation of glass granules, sintering, annealing, fire polishing of the surface, cutting blocks with a diamond tool, quality control of finished products, in addition, the components are mixed before filling into molds, and glassy material is used a mixture obtained from glass granulate from glass breakage with a silica gel in a mass ratio of 20: 1, respectively, into which 0.1 wt. % coloring salts of cobalt, chromium, nickel, manganese, iron, and sintering is carried out at a temperature of 850 ° C.

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is:

- elimination of the technological operation of layer-by-layer filling of the lower and upper layers of glass granulate into molds;

- a mixture of glass granulate consists of a glass break with a silica gel, with a ratio of 20: 1, respectively, into which 0.1 wt. % coloring salts of cobalt, chromium, nickel, manganese, iron;

- sintering is carried out at a temperature of 850 ° C.

The silica gel was obtained according to the well-known sol-gel technology [Shelby J. Structure, properties and technology of glass / Transl. from English - M .: Mir, 2006. - 288 p.], When used, the sintering temperature of the glass granules is reduced, and also, enveloping each grain of the glass granulate, during subsequent heat treatment it firmly connects the granules to each other with the formation of a durable monolith. To expand the color gamut of glass siliceous in the proposed method, before the technological operation of mixing granules of sheet or container glass with a silica gel, into which 0.1% by weight coloring salts of cobalt, chromium, nickel, manganese, and iron are preliminarily introduced.

A comparative analysis of technological operations and quality indicators of the proposed and known methods, which are presented in table 1.

A comparative analysis of technological operations and quality indicators of the proposed and known methods showed that the proposed method eliminates the technological operation of layer-by-layer filling of the lower and upper layers of glass granulate into molds, reduces energy costs due to lower sintering temperatures and improves the quality of the final product.

The optimum weight ratio of glass granulate to silica gel was also determined (table 2).

The analysis of the known methods for producing glass silica fume allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

Example

Glass glass of the following chemical composition (wt.%) Was used as a glass-containing component: SiO ₂ - 69.7; Al ₂ O ₃ - 3.4; CaO - 6.1; MgO - 3.93; Na ₂ O - 14.59; SO ₃ 0.37; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.46.

The silica gel was obtained according to the known sol-gel technology, including the following operations:

- hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane;

- polycondensation of silicic acids;

- coagulation of sol particles in the gel.

Due to the fact that the consumption of the gel of silicon hydroxide is small, immediately prepare the necessary amount and spend as necessary.

As a coloring component, cobalt nitrate in an amount of 0.1 wt. %, which decomposes during heat treatment, and cobalt oxide, which is part of the glass, is part of the glass with the formation of a saturated blue color.

Glass granules with silica gel were mixed in a laboratory paddle mixer. The mixture was placed in metal molds. Sintering, annealing, and fire polishing of the surface were carried out in a tunnel furnace. The maximum sintering temperature is 850 ° C.

Glass siliceous was removed from the molds, cooled to 25 ° C, then it was cut with a standard size diamond tool.

Glass silica quality control example

The strength of the samples of glass-siliceous was determined on cubes measuring 30 × 30 × 30 mm cut from a monolith with a diamond wheel using an R-0.5 press.

For testing, 5 samples were taken. Compressive strength was determined as the arithmetic average of five measurements:

δ _compression = 61 + 60 + 62 + 64 + 65/5 = 62 MPa.

Frost resistance was determined on five samples according to GOST 7025-91 in a freezer at a temperature of -20 ° C with alternate freezing and thawing according to the degree of damage and weight loss:

F = 99 + 98 + 100 + 102 + 101/5 = 100 cycles.

Claims (1)

A method of producing glass-silica-cement, including the preparation of glass granules, sintering, annealing, fire polishing of the surface, cutting blocks with a diamond tool, quality control of finished products, characterized in that this method involves mixing the components before filling into molds, using the mixture obtained as a glass-containing material from glass granulate from glass breakage with silica gel in a mass ratio of 20: 1, respectively, into which cobalt coloring salts, chro ma, nickel, manganese, iron, and sintering is carried out at a temperature of 850 ° C.