RU2575040C2 - Method of digging-out potatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method is carried out by means of the lever mechanism, a working element with a handle, a movable mechanism consisting of a frame with wheels rotating about an axis. Harvesting potatoes is carried out by two operators. The first operator controls the device for digging potatoes, which working element is a half cylinder consisting of rods of circular cross section with the gaps. The second operator moves following him the device for harvesting potatoes with a tray, attached to the handle using a vibration nozzle consisting of a torsion spring and a cylindrical nozzle so that the end of the handle is located inside the vibration nozzle and rests in the tray. The potatoes dug-out by the first operator are poured into the collection tray, and the harvested potatoes are poured periodically by the second operator from the tray into bags.

EFFECT: increase in labour productivity and decrease in physical load on the operator when digging-out potatoes.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to agricultural equipment and tools, and is intended for digging potatoes.

A known method of extracting plants [1]. The method includes introducing into the soil pitchfork having a handle with a handle, and extracting plants. Extraction of plants is carried out by at least two forks rigidly connected to the telescopic handle at an angle. The handle is made adjustable in length. The ends of the forks are inserted into the root system of the plants to the required depth, then the arms are lowered down to provide a vertically upward lifting force that extracts the plant.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- low efficiency and productivity of collecting potatoes or other root crops;

- great effort is required in the production of work.

The closest technical solution is a device for digging and loosening the earth [2]. The device comprises a lever mechanism, a working body with a handle, a return spring, a movable mechanism consisting of a frame with wheels rotating around an axis. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- low efficiency and productivity of collecting potatoes or other root crops;

- Requires large labor costs in the production of work.

The purpose of the invention is to increase labor productivity and reduce physical stress on the operator when digging potatoes.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the operator of digging the working body of the device for digging is introduced into the soil at the site of planting potatoes (Fig. 1). Next, the digging operator raises the working body, potato tubers along with the soil. The soil falls through the gaps between the rods, and the peeled potatoes are poured into a potato harvester with a tray, moved by the picker. To facilitate the pressing of the working body into the soil, the rods are pointed. The width of the gaps between the rods at the working body is 30 ÷ 80 mm and depends on the size of the potatoes being dug up. The diameter of the rods of the working body 8 ÷ 12 mm (Fig. 5).

The handle of the working body is fixed on the stop of the wheels rotating around the axis (Fig. 3). The stop 6 has a lower nozzle and an upper nozzle in which the handle of the digging device is located and freely makes translational-rotational movements. The working body is a half-cylinder and consists of rods of circular cross section with openings. A vibrating attachment is attached to the handle. Potatoes are harvested in a tray attached to the handle with a vibrating nozzle and periodically poured into bags. The vibrating nozzle consists of a torsion spring, inside of which there is an end of the handle resting against the tray, and a cylindrical nozzle. The torsion spring is rigidly attached to the cylindrical nozzle, which is rigidly attached to the handle using fasteners (Fig. 2, 4).

Thus, during rotational movements of the handle, the tray vibrates strongly, which greatly enhances the efficiency of work. The remains of the soil wake up through the holes, and the potatoes remain in the tray. Separated potatoes are poured into bags, the process of digging continues. The end of the handle is placed inside the torsion spring, which prevents the vibration nozzle from bending, and it performs only rotational movements.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a method of digging up potatoes, general view; in FIG. 2 - node A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - node B in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 - vibration nozzle; in FIG. 5 - working body, general view.

The method of digging potatoes is implemented using a lever mechanism, a working body with a handle, a mobile mechanism consisting of a frame with wheels rotating around an axis, and the potato is harvested by the digging operator 1 and the harvesting operator 2. Digging operator 1 using a digging device 3 digs potato and collected in a device for collecting potatoes 4. The digging device 1 for this has a working body 5, an emphasis 6, rotating around the axis 7 of the wheels 8. The emphasis 6 has a lower pipe 9 and an upper pipe 10, which the handle of the digging device 1 is located and freely makes translational-rotational movements. The working body 5 consists of rods 11 of circular cross section with openings 12. Vibrating attachments 14 are attached to the handle 13. Potatoes are collected in the tray 15 and periodically stored in bags 16. Vibrating attachments 14 consists of a torsion spring 17, inside which the end of the handle 18 is located. A torsion spring 17 is rigidly attached to the cylindrical nozzle 19, which is rigidly attached to the handle 13 by means of fasteners 20.

The method of digging potatoes is as follows. Digging operator 1, the working body 5 of the digging device 3 is introduced into the soil at the site of planting potatoes (Fig. 1). Next, the digging operator raises the working body 1, the potato tubers along with the soil. The soil falls through the openings 12 between the rods 11 and the peeled potatoes are poured into the potato collector 4 in the tray 15 to the collection operator 2. To facilitate the pressing of the working body 5 into the soil, the rods 11 are sharp-toothed. The width of the openings 12 between the rods 11 at the working body 5, 30 ÷ 80 mm and depends on the size of the digged potatoes. The diameter of the rods 11 of the working body 8 ÷ 12 mm (Fig. 5).

The handle of the working body 5 is fixed on the stop 6 of the wheels 8 rotating around the axis 7 (Fig. 3). The stop 6 has a lower pipe 9 and an upper pipe 10, in which the handle of the digging device 1 is located and freely rotates. The working body 5 consists of rods 11 of circular cross section with openings 12. Vibrating nozzles 14 are attached to the handle 13. Collecting potatoes is carried out in the tray 15 and periodically stored in bags 16. The vibrating nozzle 14 consists of a torsion spring 17, inside which is located the end of the handle 18. The torsion spring 17 is rigidly attached to the cylindrical nozzle 19, which is rigidly attached Cuttings to 13 by fasteners 20 (FIGS. 2, 4).

Thus, during rotational movements of the handle 13, the tray 15 vibrates strongly, which greatly enhances the efficiency of the work. The rest of the soil wakes up through the holes, and the potatoes remain in the tray 15. The separated potatoes are poured into bags 16, the process of digging continues. The end of the handle 18 is placed inside the torsion spring 17, which prevents the vibration nozzle 14 from bending, and it performs only rotational movements.

The proposed technical solution has a wide range of applications, more efficient than analogues and is more economical.

Information sources

1. Pat. No. 2466518 of the Russian Federation IPC A01B 1/00, A01D 9/00. The method of extracting plants / Lamerdonov KZ; application 05/13/2011, publ. 11/20/2012. (Analog).

2. Pat. No. 2462850 of the Russian Federation IPC A01B 1/00. A device for digging and loosening the earth / Lamerdonov KZ; application 07/05/2012, publ. 10/10/2012. (Prototype).

Claims (2)

1. The method of digging potatoes is carried out using a lever mechanism, a working body with a handle, a mobile mechanism consisting of a frame with wheels rotating around an axis, characterized in that the collection of potatoes is carried out by two operators, the first operator controls a device for digging potatoes, the working body of which represents a half-cylinder, consisting of rods of circular cross section with openings, and the second operator moves behind him a device for collecting potatoes with a tray attached to GCC via vibronasadka consisting of a torsion spring and a cylindrical nozzle so that the end of the stalk located inside vibronasadka and rests in a tray, the first operator dug potatoes are poured into the collecting tray, and the collected potatoes second operator periodically poured from the tray into bags. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the collection tray has openings for removal of adhering soil residues during vibration during the collection of potatoes.

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