RU2462850C1 - Device for soil digging and loosening - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a leverage mechanism and a shovel with a handle. The shovel is connected to a telescopic handle with a socket. The handle is installed into a pipe. The pipe is rigidly fixed to the support and moving mechanism, consisting of a frame with wheels rotating about an axis. Between the nozzle and the socket on the handle a return spring is installed. Telescopic handle is adapted to change the length by moving a handle along the handle and locking on it with a screw. The socket position and length of the return spring on the telescopic handle are adapted to change and fix them with a stop screw, depending on the desired depth of the shovel penetration.

EFFECT: reduced physical activity of the operator when digging and loosening the soil with a hand shovel.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to agricultural equipment and tools, and is intended for digging and loosening the earth.

Known tools for the extraction of weeds and / or weeding and a method for extracting weeds and / or weeding [1]. The weed extraction tool contains two teeth fixed on a common handle, immersed in the soil around the weed. One tooth is smooth, and on the other there is at least one hook-shaped protrusion, bent from its free end into the space between the teeth. With this hook-shaped protrusion, the weed is pierced or hooked to the root, and then the tool is simultaneously turned, tilted and pulled out of the soil.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- low efficiency and productivity when digging and loosening the earth;

- great effort is required in the production of work.

The closest technical solution is a device for digging the earth [2]. The device is equipped with a frame, which is made in the form of two upper and lower parts pivotally connected to each other. The upper part of the frame in the front part has a cross member for moving the shovel handle on it, and the shovel handle has an arm for the foot. The lever mechanism is mounted on the frame.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the relative high cost of the structure;

- great effort is required in the performance of work;

- the impossibility of regulating the applied force by lengthening the handle depending on the physical and mechanical characteristics of the earth.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the physical load on the operator when digging and loosening the earth with a hand shovel.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for digging and loosening the earth (Fig. 1, 2, 3), including a linkage mechanism and a shovel with a handle, the shovel is connected to a telescopic handle, which is inserted into the pipe. The telescopic handle in the pipe is free and can move along its length and rotate around its axis. A clutch is installed on the telescopic handle, fixing the depth of penetration of the shovel h. A return spring of length B is installed between the nozzle and the coupling. Thus, by pressing the foot on the spade bracket, it is buried in the ground to the depth of installation of the coupling. Next, the operator with a lever mechanism, that is, a telescopic handle that rests on a supporting and mobile mechanism, raises the ground and turns over. The supporting and mobile mechanism (figure 5) consists of a frame with wheels rotating around an axis. The applied force on the handle (Fig. 8) is significantly reduced and depends on the ratio of the length of the shoulders:

F ₁ · l ₁ = F ₂ · l ₂ ;

,

,

where F ₁ - the force applied by the operator to the handle; F ₂ - lifting force; l ₁ is the shoulder of the force exerted by the operator on the handle; l ₂ - shoulder lifting force.

The telescopic handle can be extended by moving the handle (Fig.6) and thereby increase its shoulder, which will facilitate the work of the operator. The position of the handle on the handle is fixed with a screw that passes through the hole of the handle. The position of the coupling on the telescopic handle is fixed with a stop screw (Fig. 7). After the digging operation, the return spring brings the shovel to its original position. To facilitate the pushing of a shovel into the ground, it is a pointed tooth. The width of the shovel a depends on the hardness of the earth. The equipment set includes shovels of different lengths and can vary depending on the hardness of the earth. The attachment point of the telescopic handle to the shovel bracket can be moved for ease of work.

Figure 1 shows a device for digging and loosening the earth, a General view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 shows a device for digging and loosening the earth with a buried shovel in the ground, General view; figure 4 - shovel, General view; figure 5 - supporting and mobile mechanism; figure 6 shows a telescopic handle; Fig.7 is a section aa in Fig.2; in Fig.8 shows the calculated scheme of the device for digging and loosening the earth.

The device consists of a shovel 1 with a bracket 2 for digging and loosening the earth 3. The shovel 1 is connected to a telescopic handle 4, which is inserted into the pipe 5. A coupling 6 is installed on the telescopic handle 4, fixing the depth of penetration of the shovel 1. Between the pipe 5 and the sleeve 6 is installed return spring 7. The supporting and movable mechanism consists of a frame 8 with wheels 9 rotating around an axis 10. The telescopic handle 4 can be extended by moving the handle 11 and fixed with a screw 12 passing through the hole 13 of the handle 4. Clutch position 6 and telescoping the handle 4 is fixed stop screw 14

A device for digging and loosening the earth works as follows. The shovel 1 through the bracket 2 is connected to a telescopic handle 4, which is inserted into the pipe 5 (Fig.1, 2). The telescopic handle 4 in the pipe 5 is free and can move along its length and rotate around its axis. A clutch 6 is mounted on the telescopic handle 4, fixing the depth of penetration of the shovel h (Fig. 1). A return spring 7 of length B is installed between the nozzle 5 and the coupling. Thus, pressing the spade 1 on the bracket 2 with your foot, it is buried in the ground 3 to the depth of the coupling 6. The operator is then equipped with a linkage mechanism, that is, a telescopic handle 4 that rests on the supporting and mobile mechanism, raises the ground 3 and flips. The supporting and mobile mechanism with a rigidly fixed pipe consists of a frame 8 with wheels 9 rotating around axis 10 (Fig. 5). The applied force on the telescopic handle 4 is significantly reduced and depends on the ratio of the length of the shoulders (Fig. 8):

F ₁ · l ₁ = F ₂ · l ₂ ;

,

,

where F ₁ - the force applied by the operator to the handle; F ₂ - lifting force; l ₁ is the shoulder of the force exerted by the operator on the handle; l ₂ - shoulder lifting force.

The telescopic handle 4 can be lengthened (6) by moving the handle 11 and thereby increase its shoulder, which will facilitate the work of the operator. The position of the handle 11 on the telescopic handle 4 is fixed by a screw 12, which passes through the hole of the handle 13. The position of the clutch 6 on (Fig.7). the telescopic handle 4 is fixed with a stop screw 14. After performing one cycle of digging, the return spring 7 brings the spade 1 to its original position. To facilitate the pressing of the shovel 1 into the ground, it is a pointed tooth. The width of the shovel and depends on the hardness of the earth (figure 4).

The proposed technical solution has a wide range of applications depending on the hardness of the earth, more efficient than analogues and is more economical.

Information sources

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2066096, MKI A01B 1/16. An instrument for weed and / or weeding extraction and a method for extracting weeds and / or weeding. Chi Chiang Li. Application 08/24/1993; publ. 09/10/1996 (analogue).

2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2180162, MKI A01B 1/00, A01B 1/02. A device for digging the earth. / Safonov N.S. Application 11/10/1998; publ. 03/10/2002 (Prototype).

Claims (3)

1. A device for digging and loosening the earth, containing a linkage mechanism and a shovel with a handle, characterized in that the shovel is connected to a telescopic handle with a sleeve that is installed in the pipe, the pipe being rigidly mounted on a support and mobile mechanism consisting of a frame with wheels, rotating around the axis, and between the nozzle and the coupling on the handle mounted return spring, while the telescopic handle is made with the possibility of changing the length by moving along the handle and fixing the handle on it with a screw, and the position couplings and the length of the return spring on a telescopic handle - with the possibility of changing and fixing them with a stop screw, depending on the required depth of penetration of the shovel. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shovel is made of pointed teeth. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of changing the mounting location of the telescopic handle to the bracket of the shovel.

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