RU2570972C2 - Braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport, particularly, to rolling stock braking equipment. Claimed brake device comprises the outer structural cylinder with fastening flange and handle. Said handle is revolved by crank gear, its revolution being converted into translation of the inner cylinder with the braking mechanism arranged therein. Said braking mechanism consists of the floating wedge with one degree of freedom the force being transferred thereto via the spring and two braking levers. Every lever is secured at the separate axle and actuated by said floating wedge. The levers turn about their axles to grip the rail head.

EFFECT: higher reliability, ease of servicing, better protection against the mechanical effects.

7 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to brake systems.

A rail brake of a mine locomotive is known (Author's certificate No. 984912), comprising a casing with a hydraulic actuator located in it, the rod of which is kinematically connected with bodies for gripping the rail, a glass is mounted in the lower part of the casing, spring-loaded relative to the casing, and a hole is made in the bottom of the glass through which the specified rod is missing, provided with an eyelet having a figured groove, through which a roller is passed, rigidly connected to the lever and the rod, one end of which is pivotally connected to the housing, and the other to the specified lever m.

The disadvantages of this device are the relatively low braking performance when misaligned with the longitudinal plane of the rail and the presence of a wearing and difficult to predict locking mechanism (flat and flat groove).

The technical problem solved by the proposed invention is to create a braking device that meets the following requirements:

- reliability;

- small dimensions;

- ease of maintenance;

- ease of translation of the mechanism into position and vice versa;

- good protection against mechanical stress;

- capture directly behind the rail head.

Figure 1 presents a section of the device in its original position with the indicated extreme positions of the handle.

Figure 2 - section of the device in the working position.

The presented problem is solved by the fact that in the invention, including the flange 2 for mounting on the platform, a handle for transferring from the initial position to the working, housing, in the upper part of which the bushings are rigidly fixed, pos. 3, 4, in which the shaft 5 rotates freely, by means of the handle 6, the torque is transmitted to the shaft, through a crank 7 connected to the shaft by means of a key connection, and the connecting rod 8 is converted into translational motion of the upper glass 9, using two symmetrically mounted of the springs 10, the force is transmitted to the cover 11 of the lower cup 12, the movement (rotational and translational) of which is limited by the pin 13, when the cup 12 reaches the lower position, the springs 10 are compressed and the wedge 14 begins to move downward, entering interaction with the rollers 17, which begin to equidistant from each other, this causes the friction surfaces of the jaws of the levers 18 to be brought closer together, mounted on the axes 19, the axes are fixed in the cheeks 20 of the lower glass by the retaining rings.

When capturing the rail head, further movement of the cup 9 will compress the spring 23, providing an almost constant gripping force with a rail head width of 18-22 mm. At the moment the handle reaches the working position of the brake mechanism, the pair of crank - connecting rod passes the zero position, which gives a tactile sense of the moment the brake is fixed. In the final position of the handle, the crank abuts against segment 25. If the vertical axis of the brake device does not coincide with the longitudinal plane of the rail, then the wedge will rotate at some angle around axis 15 in the groove of finger 16, which will cause relative displacement of the locking levers 18 relative to the axis of the brake device. This allows reliable fixation in case of misalignment with the longitudinal plane of the rail up to ± 5 mm.

To return to its original position, a force is applied in the vertical direction to the handle. After the transition to the zero position, the crank mechanism unclenches the spring 23 until the restrictive washer 24 touches the surface of the cup 9. Then the springs 10 are unclenched, ensuring that the wedge comes out of contact with the rollers 17, while the levers 18 are returned to their original (divorced) position by the forces of the springs 21 on sliders 22. Further, the wedge, with its wide part, comes into contact with the cover 11 of the lower glass and draws it into the housing 1. For the current maintenance of the device, the cover 26 is intended.

The developed brake has the following functional advantages:

1. Fully mechanical device.

2. Ease of tinning. Ease of complete disassembly and assembly. A small number of assembly units.

3. A full working stroke is provided by turning the handle 180 °.

4. In the initial position, the working mechanism is located inside the housing, which reduces the likelihood of damage during rigging and storage.

5. In the working position, grabbing is carried out directly behind the rail head. This allows predicting the braking force with sufficient accuracy, regardless of external factors.

6. The constancy of the effort on the rail head during gripping is ensured by the compression force of the spring and almost invariably in the range of the head width of 18-22 mm

7. The presence of a floating wedge in the device allows reliable fixation in case of misalignment with the longitudinal plane of the rail up to ± 5 mm.

8. Refusal from the flat and curly groove (as a fast-wearing and hard-to-predict fixation mechanism) in favor of a simple restriction of the longitudinal stroke of the inner cup by a pin-groove pair.

9. The fastening of each of the brake levers on an individual axis, which increases the load capacity and durability.

Claims (7)

1. The brake device, which includes an outer cylinder-body with a mounting flange and a handle, the rotational movement of which with the help of a crank mechanism is converted into the translational movement of the inner cylinder with a brake mechanism mounted inside it, the brake mechanism consists of a floating wedge with one degree of freedom, force which is transmitted through the spring, and two brake levers, each of which is fixed on an individual axis and is driven by a floating wedge, when turning around its the axes of the levers capture the rail end. 2. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that a fully mechanical brake drive is applied. 3. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the full stroke is ensured by turning the handle 180 °. 4. The brake device according to p. 1, characterized in that in the working position the capture is made directly by the rail head. 5. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the constancy of the force on the rail head during gripping is ensured by the compression force of the spring and almost invariably in the range of the head width of 18-22 mm. 6. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the brake levers is mounted on an individual axis. 7. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a floating wedge that allows for reliable fixation when misaligned with the longitudinal plane of the rail up to ± 5 mm.

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