RU2563939C1 - Method of growing legumes-grass mixtures with use of immunostimulating and biofungicidal agents of "biocomplex of humi and fitosporin-m" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises sowing, harrowing of crops, compacting the soil before and after sowing. At that sowing is carried out with in wide-row-band method - 45x15 cm with the sowing rate of perennial grasses for seeds of 5 million/ha of germinating seeds. The pre-sowing treatment of seeds is carried out with the immunostimulant of plants "Fitosporin-M" in the amount of 1-2 g/l, on vegetation 1-1.5 g/l. In spring in the branching period and in the phase of regrowth, spraying of crops is carried out with 0.01% solution of HUMI.

EFFECT: method enables to improve the efficiency of cultivation of legume-grass mixtures and grain yield, and to obtain a stable harvest on the crop area.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to increase the productivity of forage grasses cultivated in mixed crops.

A known method of increasing the productivity of degraded pasture land. The method includes cavity loosening of the soil, sowing grass seeds in these strips and rolling the sown rows. In the pasture rotation system in areas not subject to wind erosion and with a projective soil cover of less than 30%, surface improvement is carried out by treating the strips to a depth of 0.10-0.12 m with heavy disc harrows, sowing of narrow-leaved grain, post-sowing rolling of ring-spur rollers and surface application of mineral fertilizers. The proposed method will improve, preserve and rationally use the steppe pastures, increase the productivity of degraded pastures and restore the fertility of zonal soils, provide protection from wind and water erosion (RU 2239967, publication date 11/20/2004). This method is the closest analogue to the claimed technology.

The disadvantages of the described method include low productivity of pastures, low efficiency of seed introduction into the soil.

There is evidence that effective environmentally friendly biocomplexes GUMI and Fitosporin-M (bioactivated humic substances with a complete set of trace elements and friendly universal phytobacteria protecting against diseases) ensure the ecological purity of feed, increase yield and reduce the cost of feed production by 20-50%. Especially in the Non-Chernozem zone it requires special attention to the development of animal husbandry and crop production, in connection with which the relevance of stable forage production is increasing. Given the high cost of energy and fertilizers, this is most easily achieved by cultivating perennial grasses, especially legumes and legumes and cereal grass mixtures. In the production of livestock products, it is necessary to uninterruptedly provide animals with high-quality feed. For this purpose, you can successfully use the green mass of mixed crops of fodder beans with cereal components. In this regard, biologics such as immunostimulating and biofungicidal preparations, foliar feeding of plants with fertilizers of the GUMI and Fitosporin-M biocomplex on light chestnut soils, which have a positive effect on improving the water-physical and microbiological properties of soils, are used.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the efficiency of cultivation of leguminous-cereal grass mixtures, to increase the productivity of pasture land.

The objective is achieved in that in the method of growing legume-cereal grass mixtures using immunostimulating and biofungicidal preparations of the "GUMI and Fitosporin-M biocomplex", including sowing, harrowing crops, rolling soil before and after sowing, the sowing is carried out in a wide-ribbon way - 45 × 15 cm, with a norm of sowing perennial grasses on seeds of 5 million / ha of germinating seeds, pre-sowing treatment of seeds is carried out by the plant immunostimulator Fitosporin-M in an amount of 1-2 g / l, during the growing season 1-1.5 g / l, spring in the period of branches plants and in the growth phase we spray the crops with 0.01% GUMI solution.

Sowing is carried out in spring, NWT seeder - 3.6 wide-row tape method - 45 × 15 cm, where 45 cm is the row spacing, and 15 cm is the distance between the plants in the tape, with the norm of sowing perennial grasses on seeds 5 million / ha of germinating seeds . Before and after sowing, soil rolling was carried out.

In the spring, harrowing of crops was carried out, varieties were sown: wheatgrass ("Zernogradsky"), alfalfa ("Hope"), parsley ("Bozoysky-2") and clover ("Alsheevsky").

Seed treatment is carried out before sowing the plant immunostimulator “Fitosporin-M” in the amount of 1-2 g / l pre-sowing seed treatment, 1-1.5 g / l during the growing season.

In the spring, during the branching period and in the growth phase, we spray the crops with a 0.01% GUMI solution.

The method of growing legume-cereal grass mixtures using immunostimulating and biofungicidal preparations of the “GUMI and Fitosporin-M biocomplex” will allow farms to obtain a crop of green mass of 2-2.5 t / ha from improved hayfields and pastures per season, and dry weight up to 0.5 -1 t / ha.

GUMIs are antistress, growth accelerating, immunostimulating, bioactivated by molecular weight, a set of trace elements and phytohormones humic preparations.

Phytosporin-M is a new generation industrial preparation, the basis of which is the spore bacterial culture of Bacillus subtilis 26D, which suppresses the reproduction of many fungal and bacterial plant pathogens by its products, a biofungicide with a wide spectrum and long-term effect. Designed to protect winter wheat and rye, spring wheat and barley, legumes, sugar beets, sunflowers, rice, vegetables, fruit crops from a complex of fungal and bacterial diseases. Fitosporin-M protects plants throughout the growing season and during storage.

The yield increase from the use of the GUMI + Fitosporin-M complex (pre-sowing treatment and treatment of plants by vegetation) reaches up to 4.0 kg / ha on cereals, 3.6 kg / ha on legumes, and 0.01% on sprayed crops GUMI solution in the spring during the branching period and in the growth phase after the first mowing of grass significantly increases the yield of green mass of eastern goatskin by 54.8 c / ha (15%) and alfalfa by 67 c / ha (24%). These indicators for air dry weight, respectively, amounted to 13.8 kg / ha (15%) and 16.8 kg / ha (22%). Moreover, the high productivity of plants treated with GUMI is achieved by increasing by 10-12 cm the height of plants and digestible protein in dry matter by 1.5 times (for goatskin - 4.8 abs.% And for alfalfa - 2.2 abs.% ) compared to untreated plants.

The introduction of a method of growing legume-cereal grass mixtures using immunostimulating and biofungicidal preparations of the “GUMI and Fitosporin-M biocomplex” ensures the preservation of green mass yield up to 90-95%. Losses in the yield of green mass of legumes and cereal mixtures according to traditional technology account for 50%. The results of industrial introduction in agricultural production show that the yield in the grass mixture of wheatgrass + alfalfa 4 - clover plants had the highest average height achieved for wheatgrass - 88 cm, for legumes - 104 cm. The proportion of legume components before harvesting was 77%.

Using the proposed method will improve the efficiency of cultivation of legume-cereal grass mixtures and grain yield, to obtain a stable crop on the sown area.

Claims (1)

The method of growing legume-cereal grass mixtures using immunostimulating and biofungicidal preparations of the "GUMI and Fitosporin-M biocomplex", including sowing, harrowing crops, rolling soil before and after sowing, characterized in that the sowing is carried out in a wide-ribbon method - 45 × 15 cm at the sowing rate of perennial grasses on seeds of 5 million / ha of germinating seeds, the pre-sowing treatment of seeds is carried out with the plant immunostimulant Fitosporin-M in an amount of 1-2 g / l, during vegetation 1-1.5 g / l, in the spring during the branching period and in growth phase The plants spray the crops with a 0.01% GUMI solution.