RU2563502C1 - Method to produce high-strength concrete mortars - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: into a concrete mix containing, wt %: portland cement 25-30, crushed stone 20-25, sand 15-20 and water - balance, they additionally add a cooled down keratin protein polymer in an amount of 5 wt % by mass. The keratin protein polymer is produced by the following method: they take 100 kg of hair, wool and bristle, pour with a 2.0% alkaline solution of KOH at the ratio of 1:15 and heat in a reservoir at a temperature of 100°C for 5 hours to produce the keratin protein polymer made of 84% protein, 15% polypeptides and less than 1% of amino acids on a dry basis.

EFFECT: increased strength of concrete and production of environmentally safe products.

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Description

 The invention relates to a method for the production of building materials, in particular to a technology for the preparation of concrete mixtures, and may find application in the performance of monolithic concrete work for the manufacture of wall blocks that can be used in the construction of storage facilities, garages and fences.

The purpose of the invention is the production of concrete solutions of increased strength with the use of keratin additives for use in buildings with increased requirements (earthquake-resistant, reconstruction of ancient architectural towers, adverse climatic conditions).

The closest technical solution is a method in which a mixture is prepared consisting of Portland cement, ash and slag filler, polystyrene foam chips and styrene monomer (patent No. 2474546, author Shchepochkina Julia Alekseevna from 02.10.2013). In the known technical solution, the high content of ash and slag filler (42.5-51.8%) does not provide concrete strength, and the polystyrene foam and styrene monomer are not environmentally stable enough. This reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The technical result of the proposed method is to increase the strength of concrete and obtain environmentally friendly products.

It is assumed that granite or gravel crushed stone of small fractions (3/8 and 5/20) used for concrete production, and natural sand, and sand from screenings of crushing rocks with a true grain density of from 2.0 to 2.8 g / cm ³ , intended for use as aggregate of heavy, light, fine-grained, cellular and silicate concrete, mortar.

Sand, depending on the values of standardized quality indicators (grain composition, content of dust and clay particles) is divided into two classes.

It is proposed to use construction sand of class I (large, medium) for concrete.

Concrete brand m 300, class 22.5; at which the average strength of this class is 294 kgf / sq.cm.

In order to increase the strength, a keratin protein polymer is added to the concrete solution. It is a hydrolyzate from various keratin raw materials - horns, hooves, hair, wool, bristles, feathers, animal shells.

To obtain a keratin protein polymer, various keratin-containing raw materials are taken, which include up to 90% keratin protein. In its natural state, it is an eleven-core cable of polymer protein chains bonded with disulfide bonds (-S-S-). These bonds provide the mechanical strength of this protein, insoluble in water and weak solutions of chemicals at temperatures up to 65 ° C.

A keratin protein polymer is prepared as follows: 100 kg of hair, hair and bristles are taken, filled with a 2.0% KOH alkaline solution in a ratio of 1:15 and heated in a container at a temperature of 100 ° C for 5 hours to obtain a keratin protein polymer consisting of 84% protein, 15% polypeptides, and less than 1% amino acids per dry matter (CB).

Limited hydrolysis of the protein and its swelling occurs. The introduction of such polymer protein chains (1:20) in cement mortars causes accelerated drying and gluing of the solution components in a given volume. The keratin protein polymer is stored in a cold place and is used only in liquid form, since moisture evaporates instantly and causes denatured gluing of keratin protein particles together.

The preparation method consists in the fact that portland cement in an amount of 25-30%, gravel 20-25% and sand 15-20% is additionally introduced chilled keratin protein polymer in an amount of 5% by weight, the rest is water.

The drying time of the solution is reduced by 15% and the strength of solutions and products is increased by 14%, that is, the strength becomes in the range of 335 kgf / sq. Cm.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing a concrete mixture, including mixing Portland cement with crushed stone, sand and water, characterized in that the cooled keratin protein polymer obtained by pouring 100% keratin-containing raw material containing up to 90% hair protein, wool into a 2% potassium hydroxide solution is additionally added and bristles, at a ratio of 15: 1, followed by heating in a container at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius for 5 hours to obtain a keratin protein polymer consisting of 84% protein, 15% polypeptides and less than 1% amino acids (c ear substance) in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Portland cement 25-30 crushed stone 20-25 sand 15-20 keratin protein polymer 5 water rest