RU2561910C1 - Triggering device of self-contained breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: saving means.

SUBSTANCE: triggering device of the self-contained breathing apparatus comprises a triggering briquette 2 enclosed in a filtering hydrophilic shell 3 and a triggering device 1. The hydrophilic shell 3 is made of microfine fibre material 4 enclosed in glass paper 5, the plates 6 of potassium superoxide are placed between the triggering briquette 2 and the hydrophilic shell 3, adjacent to the briquette surface, on the substrate to form a cavity 7 inside the hydrophilic shell 3, located around the side surface of the triggering briquette 2. The triggering device 1 is made in the form of a spiral heater 8 placed in the triggering briquette 2 and connected by wires to the electric power source 10 through the switching device 11. The hydrophilic shell is enclosed in an outer shell 12 of paper-like composite material of mineral fibres for special equipment of KMS brand. The ends of the outer shell 12 together with the wires 9 are folded in the form of bellow.

EFFECT: invention provides purification of the generated oxygen from aerosols.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices in respirators for producing oxygen from chemicals.

A starting device for an insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bound oxygen is known (US Pat. RF No. 2345314, IPC A62B 7/08, 2008), which consists of a starting briquette and an initiating device in the form of an ampoule with an initiating liquid, while the ampoule and starting briquette are enclosed in perforated housing mounted on the cover of the regenerative cartridge with a gap. In this device, the starting briquette is placed in a filtering hydrophilic shell with a hole under the ampoule.

The placement of the starting briquette in the filtering hydrophilic non-combustible shell with an opening under the ampoule increases the reliability of the briquette by eliminating the spill of the initiating liquid, bypassing the starting briquette, as well as by reducing heat loss when starting the briquette. However, during the operation of such a starting device, part of the liquid and aerosols released during the operation of the starting briquette can enter the respiratory circuit of the device and cause irritation to the user's respiratory organs.

The objective of the invention is to improve the operational characteristics of the starting device, which consists in ensuring the comfort of breathing.

The technical result when using the invention is to improve the quality of the oxygen generated by the starting briquette by more fully cleaning it from aerosols.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the starting device of the insulating breathing apparatus containing the starting briquette enclosed in the filtering hydrophilic shell and the initiating device, the filtering hydrophilic shell is made of microfine fibrous material enclosed in glass paper, plates adjacent to the surface of the briquette are placed between the starting briquette and the hydrophilic shell potassium oxide on a substrate with the formation of a cavity inside the hydrophilic shell located around the side overhnosti starting preform, and initiating device is a spiral heater, pressed into the starting preform and connected by wires to a source of electrical power through a switching device.

The hydrophilic shell can be enclosed in an outer shell of a paper-like composite material of mineral fibers for special equipment brand KMC.

The ends of the outer shell together with the wires can be folded in the form of an “accordion”.

The implementation of the filtering hydrophilic shell of microfine fibrous material enclosed in glass paper, the space between the starting briquette and the filtering hydrophilic shell adjacent to the surface of the briquette of potassium superoxide plates on the substrate with the formation of a cavity inside the hydrophilic shell located around the side surface of the starting briquette, provides:

- a decrease in the rate of passage of generated oxygen through filter materials provides an increase in the efficiency of filtration of generated oxygen from aerosols;

- a decrease in the resistance of the filter layers contributes to a smoother mode of oxygen evolution, which reduces the breakthrough of aerosols;

- the formation of a cavity located around the side surface of the starting briquette helps to average the temperature of the generated oxygen, while the aerosol particles diffuse into the material of the superoxide plates forming the cavity;

- the use of superoxide plates on the substrate ensures the absorption of water vapor adsorbed by the components of the starting briquette during mixing and pressing, which reduces the amount of aerosols emitted. Additionally, during the operation of the briquette, oxygen is released from the plates, increasing the efficiency of the briquette.

The implementation of the starting device in the form of a spiral heater, placed in an ignition tablet, pressed into the starting briquette, and connected by wires to an electric power source through a switching device, reduces the amount of aerosols released at startup, in comparison with using an ampoule with initiating liquid to start. When using a spiral heater, it is not necessary to apply force to destroy the ampoule; to connect the heater to a power source, it is enough to turn on the switching device.

The enclosure of the hydrophilic shell in the outer shell of a paper-like composite material of mineral fibers for the special KMC brand technology provides additional filtration of the generated oxygen, eliminating aerosol leakage during the operation of the starting briquette. Additionally, the convenience of assembly and the reliability of the starting device are enhanced by enclosing it in a rigid frame, eliminating the displacement of parts of the device and the briquette.

The execution of the ends of the outer shell together with the wires folded in the form of an "accordion" provides the convenience of assembling and installing the entire device in an insulating breathing apparatus due to the elastic properties of the ends of the outer shell.

A device for respiratory protection is shown in the drawing, which shows:

figure 1 is a General view of the starting device of an insulating breathing apparatus, front view;

figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the starting briquette;

figure 3 is a section along A-A of figure 2

The list of items indicated in the drawings:

1. initiating device;

2. starting briquette;

3. filtering hydrophilic shell;

4. microfine fibrous material;

5. glass paper;

6. potassium superoxide plates;

7. cavity;

8. spiral heater;

9. wire;

10. power supply;

11. switching device;

12. the outer shell;

13. folds.

The device contains an initiating device 1 and a starting briquette 2, which is enclosed in a filtering hydrophilic shell 3 made of microfine fibrous material 4 of grade M20-MTV-0.25 with a total thickness of 5 mm, enclosed in glass paper 5 of grade BMD-F according to TU 6- 48-93-92 with a minimum number of layers 2. Between the starting briquette 2 of type PB-12 with a diameter of 50 mm and the hydrophilic shell are placed adjacent to the surface of the starting briquette 2, plates 6 of potassium superoxide on a substrate of the RPK-PZ brand according to TU 2123-265- 08807954-2011 with dimensions of 80 × 60 mm. Since the plates 6 are larger than the diameter of the starting briquette, a cavity 7 is formed around the side surface of the starting briquette 2 inside the hydrophilic shell 3. The initiating device 1 is made in the form of a spiral heater 8 of a wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm from X20H80 alloy pressed into starting briquette 2. The spiral heater 8 is connected by wires 9 to an electric power source 10 in the form of a Krona battery with a voltage of 9 V through a switching device 11, which can be used as a normally closed second limit switch or plug. The hydrophilic shell 3 is enclosed in an outer shell 12 of paper-like composite material of mineral fibers for special equipment of the KMC brand (glass) TU 5445-055-00281097-2008, the ends of which, together with wires 9, are folded in the form of an “accordion” 13.

The proposed device operates as follows.

When the initiating device 1 is turned on, the switching device 11 closes the circuit containing the power supply 10, wires 9 and the spiral heater 8. A heated spiral heater 8 initiates the launch of the briquette 2. When the briquette 2 starts, gaseous oxygen is released into the cavity 7, and a large amount of it is released heat, which leads to the removal of alkaline aerosols and water vapor with oxygen. The latter are sorbed by plates of potassium superoxide 6. Together with water vapor, part of alkaline aerosols diffuses into the plates. Partially purified oxygen sequentially passes through the hydrophilic shell 3 and the outer shell 12 from the cavity bounded by folds 13 in the form of an accordion. Since the material of the plates 6 (potassium superoxide) is not thermally stable, oxygen is also released from it during the operation of the starting briquette, and oxygen is also released after the end of the starting briquette 2, when the rate of oxygen evolution from it decreases.

Such a design of the starting device allows to reduce the number of aerosols of alkaline origin, released during the operation of the starting briquette, which ensures the purity of the generated oxygen. When testing prototypes at Roskhimzashchita Corporation OJSC on a FAN type nephelometric device, the following results were obtained: the concentration of aerosols without a filter was 1500 mg / m ³ , and when testing the inventive device, 0.15 mg / m ³ .

The device provides reliable cleaning of the generated oxygen from aerosols.

Claims (3)

1. A starter with a starting briquette of an insulating breathing apparatus, comprising a starting briquette enclosed in a hydrophilic shell, characterized in that the hydrophilic shell is made of microfine fibrous material enclosed in glass paper, superoxide plates adjacent to the surface of the briquette are placed between the starting briquette and the hydrophilic shell potassium on the substrate with the formation of a cavity inside the hydrophilic shell located around the side surface of the starting briquette, and the initiating device The property is made in the form of a spiral heater, pressed into the starting briquette and connected by wires to an electric power source through a switching device. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrophilic shell is enclosed in an outer shell of paper-like composite material of mineral fibers for special equipment brand KMC. 3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the ends of the outer shell together with the wires are folded in the form of an “accordion”.

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