RU2561155C2 - Torsional oscillations damper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building. The torsional oscillations damper contains primary part with two side disks (1) and (2), connected with each other without possibility of rotation. The secondary part includes a central disk (3) located between side disks. Primary and secondary parts are located in the rotating link with each other by means of the spring (5). The damper chambers are filled with damper medium, and have at least one throttle hole. The guide element (7.1) supports the spring in radial and axial directions. The spring is coordinated with two guide elements. The guide elements are connected with side disks with possibility of joint movement.

EFFECT: simplified design and weight decreasing.

16 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for damping vibrations. Such devices can be used in transmissions with or without torque transmission functions. Transmissions may include an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. In particular, such vibration damping devices are used as torsional vibration dampers for an internal combustion engine or as a twin-disc flywheel. See the restrictive part of claim 1 of the claims.

US 5573460 shows and describes an elastic grip in a disk structure, including two halves of the grip, which are installed with limited possibility of rotation relative to each other and are interconnected using elastic clutch elements. In the radially outer region of the inner space there are damping chambers that can be filled with a damping medium.

Clutches of this type have the task of ensuring smooth running of the drive mechanisms with internal combustion engines, in particular in automobiles, in all ranges of operation mode and speed. In particular, interfering torsional vibrations must be removed from the transmission.

The adhesion elasticity is chosen so that the critical speed of the mass system, consisting of the engine and gear, is much lower than the area of the operating mode. In this case, when passing through a critical speed in the drive elements should not occur any too high amplitudes and torques. A significant contribution to this is the clutch damping device coordinated with the transmission, namely, hydraulic damping by displacing the damping medium through predetermined gaps. The problem with this is that depending on the type of engine (gasoline engine, diesel engine) or the number of cylinders, respectively, the location of the cylinders (in-line engine, V-shaped engine) or also on the transmission, various characteristics of torsional vibrations take place.

DE 102005046334 A1 describes a torsional vibration damper according to the preamble of claim 1. A wear cup is provided in it, which extends radially outside of each arcuate spring in its longitudinal direction and serves to guide the arcuate spring.

A similar solution is known from DE 102006046601 A1. See plastic part 16 there.

The torsional vibration damper is required to effectively suppress the torsional vibration produced by the engine. In particular, a “soft” spring characteristic is desirable in order to lower the resonance frequency of the damper as low as possible. Car manufacturers further require light weight and low structural volume. In an age of fierce competition, however, manufacturing costs are especially important. For all of these requirements, optimization is extremely desirable.

The basis of the invention is the task that the torsional vibration damper according to the restrictive part of claim 1 of the claims is performed in such a way that it performs its damping functions as well as known dampers, or better than those, and that it It was structurally easier to manufacture and therefore more economical. At the same time, depending on the design, its weight may be less than in the case of known dampers.

This problem is solved using a torsional vibration damper according to claim 1 of the claims.

The main idea of the invention consists in a special guide and thrust device, which is coordinated with each spring. The guide and thrust device includes, respectively, two arcuate or rectilinear guide elements for supporting and guiding the arcuate or rectilinear springs. It is absolutely crucial that two guide elements are matched with each spring, respectively, one on the side of the longitudinal axis of the corresponding spring. Each guide element overlaps a portion of the radially outer quadrant of the spring. Thus, it forms a support and a guide for the spring, namely, not only with respect to movement in the radial direction, but also in the axial direction.

It is very important that both guide elements, which are aligned with the spring, in their radially outermost region have some axial distance from each other. Through this distance, a central disk can be drawn. This is preferable, since in this case also the damper chambers can be located radially farther outside and accordingly exhibit a large damping effect. The damping system may be a friction damper system, a hydraulic damping device, or a combination of the two.

The guide element may have two persistent cheeks, which, both, interact with the same side disk. The spring in the unloaded state rests with its both ends of the spring FA and FB at the same time on the abutment jaws A and B. When a load is applied to the spring, it rests with its one end FA of the spring only on the abutment cheek A, and with its other end FB of the spring only on the abutment surface MB central disk aligned with the end of the FB spring. Alternatively, when the spring is loaded opposite, the end FB of the spring is in contact with the stop cheek B, while the end FA of the spring rests on the abutment surface MA of the central disk aligned with the end FA of the spring. In the normal case, two guide elements always interact on both sides of the arc spring, as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b.

The guide element and both persistent cheeks can form a single structural element. In this case, these three elements are assembled not only from three parts, but from the very beginning are made in the form of a single part. In any case, the three parts should consist of a wear-resistant material.

Guide and thrust device performs the following functions:

- radial and axial bearing of the spring;

- radial and axial direction of the spring;

- support against the effects of centrifugal force;

- direction of the spring during loading;

- transmission of force to the springs based on the torque;

- an increase in the support and thrust surfaces, in particular in the axial direction of the torsional vibration damper, in order to ensure sufficient transfer of forces between the side disks and all the springs of the spring set, even when several springs located in each other are used inside the spring set.

The following advantages are obtained from the invention:

- few details;

- savings in processing costs through the integration of functions;

- simple manufacture of the guide and stop;

- reduced wear of springs and guide elements;

- only a few parts (one or two) must be manufactured with high tolerances;

- simple adaptation to various configurations of springs;

- the implementation of a larger contact surface between the guide and thrust device and the spring; thus, due to the lower force of pressing the surfaces due to the larger surface, there is less wear;

- transfer of force to the internal springs when using several springs located in each other inside the set of springs.

In this case, the arcuate guide element can be made of plastic by injection molding. It can be solid. It can be made in the form of sheet parts obtained by deep drawing. During installation - depending on the selected execution form - it can be inserted as follows:

- by clamping;

- using the tab;

- using riveting;

- by welding.

As the material for the guide and thrust device, any type of metal, or ceramic, or plastic, or composite material can be taken into account. Good slip properties and favorable wear properties are important.

The invention is explained in more detail based on the drawings, which depict the following:

figa shows a torsional vibration damper in a vertical axial section with the thrust surfaces of both side disks,

fig.1b shows a torsional vibration damper in a vertical axial section with the abutment surfaces of both abutment cheeks,

figure 2 shows the subject of figure la in a side view when viewed in the direction of the axis, and for clarity, some details are omitted,

figure 3 shows the guide and thrust device in a top view,

figure 4 shows a reduced subject of figure 3, an image in perspective,

5 is a view of the section along the line A-A of the section of figure 3,

6 is a section view along the line B-B of figure 3,

Fig.7 shows a guide and thrust device in a continuous implementation,

Fig.8 is a section view along the line A-A of the section of Fig.7,

Fig.9 is a perspective view of the subject of Fig.7.

The damper shown in figa and 1b, includes a primary part with two side disks 1, 2, which are interconnected without the possibility of rotation. Further, a secondary part is provided, including a central disk 3 located between the side disks 1, 2. The housing 4 includes a primary and secondary part and is itself an integral part of the primary part.

Spring 5 is visible. It is made of an arc, however, it can also be formed rectilinear, respectively, cylindrical. The spring 5 is located radially inside the inner wall 6 of the segment of the damper chamber.

The decisive structural element is the guide and thrust device 7, see also figure 2-4. The spring / springs may be located in the spring window segment. With each segment of the spring window for receiving a set of springs consisting of at least one arcuate spring, respectively, two guides and stop devices 7, respectively, one on the axis on each side of the corresponding arcuate spring, are matched. Each guide device 7 is made of steel sheet by a deep drawing method. It has a guide element 7.1. The latter has, in essence, a U-shaped profile containing the first shelf 7.1.1, the second shelf 7.1.2 and the jumper 7.1.3. Shelf 7.1.1 lies on an arcuate spring. Shelf 7.1.2 runs in parallel. It rests on the corresponding lateral disk 1, respectively, 2, in addition, on the radially inner bounding surface of the wall 6 of the damper chamber on the damper segment. Of course, instead of the steel sheet, another suitable sheet material, for example aluminum sheet, can also be used. The guide elements are not limited to use for arcuate springs, but can also be used for straight, respectively, cylindrical springs instead of arcuate springs.

The guide element 7.1 serves simultaneously for radially internal support and direction of the segment of the damper chamber.

It is important that both guide elements 7.1 have such an axial distance from each other so that the central disk 3 can pass between them. Due to this, the segments of the damper chambers can lie over a large radius and, accordingly, also have a correspondingly high effect.

The housing 4 has two stops 4.1 and 4.2. They serve to support the radially outer shelves 7.1.2 of the guide element 7.1 against the pressure exerted by the damper chamber and acting radially inward.

Figure 2 shows the full guide and thrust device 7 with a guide element 7.1, as well as with two cheeks 7.2 and 7.2. Both cheeks 7.2, 7.2 serve to interact with the corresponding contact surfaces of the side discs 1 and 2. In FIG. 1a, the contact surfaces of the side disc 1, shown in shaded form, can be seen. 1b, the contact surfaces of both abutment cheeks are shown as shaded.

Figure 3-6 allow you to see in detail the guide and thrust device 7. The arcuate guide element 7.1 is made of steel sheet. Figure 5 allows you to see this especially well. See there both shelves 7.1.1 and 7.1.2 of the U-shaped profile, as well as the jumper 7.1.3 located between them. Also, both cheeks 7.2 and 7.2 are made of steel sheet, namely in one piece with the arcuate guide element 7.1.

Figure 3 in more detail indicated the abutment surface of both cheeks 7.2, 7.2, which interact with the corresponding side disk 1 and 2.

Figures 3 and 4 show a plurality of holes 7.3. They have the following meanings:

As can be seen from figa, 1b, in the area axially between the walls of the housing 4 and the side of the guide element 7.1, facing from the spring 5, there is a dead space. In the process, it can be filled with a damping medium or grease, for example, due to the fact that the medium during operation under the influence of centrifugal force or due to gravity during a state of rest enters the dead space. Since the dead space is sufficiently separated from the rest of the internal space of the housing 4 by means of the sheet contour of the guide member 7.1, the damping medium or grease in the dead space can no longer return or only very poorly return to the working stock of the damping medium or grease.

A plurality of through-holes 7.3 provide supporting measures. Through holes make it possible for the medium to flow out of the dead space into the remaining interior of the housing 4; The returned medium is thus reused. For example, improved or due to optimized filling of the damping medium, more uniform hydraulic damping is produced. Further, the through holes 7.3 can be optimized and purposefully calculated so that the grease is purposefully directed to important areas in contact between parts moving relative to each other, for example, between the spring 5 and the guide device 7, so that wear is reduced or eliminated.

Through (flow) holes 7.3 in the example shown make it possible to flow in the axial direction. The through holes 7.3 may, however, be arranged so that the flow passes in a radial direction, consistent inside with the guide surface for the spring or outside in the direction of the damper chamber - see figure 4.

In the manufacture of the guide and thrust device 7 in the form of a part obtained by the deep drawing method, through holes 7.3 can be made in the shelf 7.1.1, and / or in the shelf 7.1.2, and / or in the jumper 7.1.3 of the guide element 7.1.

Said through holes 7.3 may also be made on parts obtained by injection molding or on parts made of solid material, not shown here.

The arcuate guide element 7.1 shown in FIGS. 7-9 is solid. It may consist of any material - plastic, metal, ceramic or composite material. It is understood that the guide elements 7.1 are again arranged in pairs, exactly the same as in the embodiments according to figa and 1b.

Thrust cheeks should not be integral with the guide elements. Guide elements 7.1 can also be made without stop cheeks. In this case, the thrust surfaces of the side discs and / or the central disc are hardened or made with a “hard” pad.

The guide element 7.1, in General, serves both for internal support and direction of the segment of the damper chamber. This is seen in figa and 1b. There, a parallel shelf 7.1.2 is adjacent to the wall 6 of the damper chamber.

Notation list

1 side disc

1.1 contact surface

2 side drive

2.1 contact surface

3 central disk

4 building

5 spring

6 wall of the damper chamber

7 guide and thrust device

7.1 arcuate guide element

7.1.1 U-shaped shelf

7.1.2 U-profile shelf

7.1.3 jumper

7.2 cheeks

7.3 through hole.

Claims (16)

1. Torsional vibration damper, which includes the following features:
the primary part with two side disks (1) and (2), interconnected without the possibility of rotation;
a secondary part with a central disk (3) located between the side disks (1) and (2);
the primary part and the secondary part by means of springs (5) are in rotational communication with each other;
damper chambers that are filled with a damping medium and have respectively at least one throttling hole;
for support and direction of the springs (5), guide elements (7.1) are provided;
with each spring (5), two guide elements (7.1) are matched, which are both located at an axial distance from each other and which form supporting surfaces against the movement of the spring (5) in the radial as well as in the axial direction;
characterized by the following features:
the guiding elements (7.1) are connected to the side discs (1) and (2) with the possibility of joint movement. 2. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the springs (5) are arcuate springs. 3. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized by the following features:
each guide element (7.1) at each end has a stopping cheek (7.2) for supporting the spring (5), respectively, a set of springs containing internal springs located inside the outer spring on the side discs (1, 2) when turning between the primary and secondary part. 4. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3, characterized in that that the guide element (7.1) and the persistent cheeks (7.2) and (7.2) are made in one piece. 5. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide element (7.1) and the stop cheeks (7.2) and (7.2) are made in one working operation. 6. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the elements - the guide element (7.1) and the stop cheeks (7.2) and (7.2) - consists of a steel sheet. 7. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the elements is a guide element (7.1) and the stop cheeks (7.2) and (7.2) are continuous. 8. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3, characterized in that that the side disks (1) and (2) have contact surfaces (1.1, 2.1) that interact with the persistent cheeks (7.2) and (7.2). 9. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3, characterized in that as persistent cheeks there are separate structural elements that are solid or in the form of parts obtained by injection molding, or parts obtained by deep drawing. 10. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3, characterized in that the side discs (1, 2) are equipped with surfaces that serve as stop cheeks. 11. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 3 or 10, characterized in that the abutment cheeks are each made in the form of a separate structural element, which is made, in particular, solid, or in the form of a part obtained by injection molding, or in the form of a part obtained by deep drawing. 12. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that that the guiding elements (7.1) serve for radially internal support and / or sealing of the damper chamber. 13. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that that both guide elements (7.1, 7.1) in axial section, when viewed along the axis of rotation of the torsional vibration damper, have such an axial distance between themselves that the central disk (3) can be radially outward between the two guide elements (7.1, 7.1). 14. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that that the damper chambers are arranged in segments along the outer perimeter of the torsional vibration damper, and the springs (5) are positioned radially inside the damper chambers, in particular, radially inside the radially inner bounding surface of the wall (6) of the damper chamber. 15. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that that a housing (4) is provided, which at least partially covers the primary part and the secondary part, moreover, the housing (4), the primary part and the secondary part form a structural unit. 16. Torsional vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that that the guide element (7.1) includes many through holes (7.3) for conducting a damping medium or a polymer lubricant, which are made, in particular, in the form of through holes.

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