RU2559254C1 - High-strength concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: high-strength concrete consisting of a mixture containing Portland cement, sand, crushed stone, a silica-containing component, an additive and water, contains sand with fineness modulus M_f=2.4, crushed stone with particle size of 5-10 mm, silica-containing component - sol H₂SiO₃ with density ρ=1.014 g/cm³ and pH=4±0.5, an additive - a water solution with density ρ=1.035 g/cm³ and pH=6.5±0.5, consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with density ρ=0.95 g/cm³ and pH=7±0.5, polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ester and anhydrite of maleinic acid with density ρ=1.03 g/cm³ and pH=7±0.5; sodium gluconate, C₆H₁₁NaO₇; sodium formate (HCOONa) and water at the following component ratio, wt %: polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with density ρ=0.95 g/cm³ and pH=7±0.5 - 11.0-14.0; polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ester and anhydride of maleinic acid with density ρ=1.03 g/cm³ and pH=7±0.5 - 10.0-10.5; sodium gluconate, C₆H₁₁NaO₇ - 2.0-2.5; sodium formate (HCOONa) - 2.5-3.0; a SAS mixture based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulphates with density ρ=1.03 g/cm³ and pH=7±1.0 - 8.5-9.0, water - 63.0-64.0 at the specified component ratio of a concrete mix for high-strength concrete.

EFFECT: increasing strength of concrete.

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Description

The invention relates to building materials and can be used for the manufacture of concrete products in civil and industrial construction, as well as in the construction of structures for special purposes, such as hydraulic structures.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of high-strength concrete (Yu.M. Bazhenov. Concrete technology. Publishing House of the Association of Building Universities (DIA), Moscow, 2002, p. 377), containing Portland cement, silica-containing component, sand, gravel, silicate flour, additive and water.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient speed of curing at a negative temperature.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of high-strength concrete (RU, No. 2256629, C04B 28/04, C04B 111: 20, 07/20/2005), containing: Portland cement, sand, crushed stone, silica-containing component represented by H ₂ SiO ₃ sol with density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ , pH = 5-6, the addition of "DEA-M" and water.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient speed of curing at a negative temperature.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is high-strength concrete (RU, No. 2256630, C04B 28/04, C04B 111: 20, 07/20/2005), containing: Portland cement, sand, gravel, a silica-containing component represented by H ₂ SiO sol ₃ with a density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ , pH = 5-6, the additive is potassium ferruginous K ₄ Fe (CN) ₆ and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Portland cement 43.58-47.08 Sand 14.43-15.69 Crushed stone 25.70-27.84 Silica-containing component represented by sol H ₂ SiO ₃ with density ρ = 1,014 g / cm ³ , pH = 5-6 0.25-0.27 Supplement - Potassium ferruginous K ₄ Fe (CN) ₆ 0.44-0.47 Water 12.10-12.15

The problem to which the invention is directed, is the creation of high-strength concrete with an increased rate of curing at a negative temperature.

The problem is achieved in that high-strength concrete consists of a mixture including Portland cement, sand, crushed stone, silica-containing component, additive and water. New compared to the high-strength concrete selected for the prototype, is that the sand is represented by quartz sand with a particle size modulus of Mkr. = 2.4; crushed stone is represented by granite crushed stone of a fraction of 5-10 mm, the silica-containing component is represented by H ₂ SiO ₃ sol with a density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ , pH = 4 ± 0.5, and the additive represented by an aqueous solution with a density ρ = 1.035 g / cm ³ and pH = 6.5 ± 0.5, consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ , pH = 7 ± 0.5 and a polycarboxylate polymer based allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5, sodium gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ ; sodium formate (HCOONa), a mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 1.0 and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5 11.0-14.0 Polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5 10.0-10.5 Sodium Gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ 2.0-2.5 Sodium Formate, HCOONa 2.5-3.0 A mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates 8.5-9.0 Water 63.0-64.0

in the following ratio of components of the concrete mixture for high-strength concrete, wt.%:

Portland cement 17.4-19.2 Specified crushed stone 42.4-42.8 Indicated sand 33.0-33.2 The specified silica-containing component 0.2-0.4 Specified Additive 0.2-0.4 Water 5.0-5.8

The joint presence of an additive consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers — a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5, and a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5; sodium gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ ; sodium formate (HCOONa), a mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 1.0 and water in combination with silica sol, increases by 2 times the speed of the set of compressive strength at negative temperature, relative to the prototype.

Under the action of a mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulphates in the hardening system, water is structured, which increases the mobility of the hydrogen proton in the hydrogen bond system and proton movement, by the so-called relay mechanism, which enhances the hydration processes of the cement-containing system in the result of a shift in the acid-base balance of the system.

At the filing date, according to the authors and the applicant, the claimed high-strength concrete is not known and this technical solution has world novelty.

The claimed combination of essential features exhibits a new property in the presence of a silica sol with a density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ characterized by a pH value of 4 ± 0.5, and additives with a density ρ = 1.035 g / cm ³ and pH = 6.5 ± 0 , 5, represented by a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5, and a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1 , 03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5; sodium gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ ; sodium formate (HCOONa), a mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 1.0 and water, namely, it increases the speed of curing under compression at a negative temperature, increasing the increase in compressive strength by 2 times relative to the prototype.

According to the authors and the applicant, the claimed invention meets the eligibility criteria - inventive step.

The claimed invention is industrially applicable and can be used in civil engineering and in monolithic construction of structures for special purposes.

An example of a specific implementation.

1. Preparation of silica sol:

1.1. Dose sodium liquid glass;

1.2. Dose water;

1.3. Mix the metered-dose components according to p. 1. and p. 2. to obtain a solution with ρ = 1.016 g / cm ³ ;

1.4. The solution prepared according to paragraph 1.3. passed through a cation exchange resin column containing cation exchanger KU-2-8;

1.5. At the outlet of the column, a sol solution of H ₂ SiO _{3 is} obtained, which has a density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ , while the finished product is a sol with pH = 4 ± 0.5.

2. Preparation of the additive:

2.1. A polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density of ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5;

2.2. A polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite is dosed with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5;

2.3. Dose sodium gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ ;

2.4. Dose sodium formate (HCOONa);

2.5. A mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 1.0 is metered;

2.6. Dose water;

2.7. Dispensed by PP. 2.1, 2.2., 2.3, 2.4 and 2.5, the components are thoroughly mixed until a solution is obtained with a density ρ = 1,035 g / cm ³ and pH = 6.5 ± 0.5.

3. The components of high-strength concrete are dosed: Portland cement, quarry quartz sand with a fineness modulus, MKR = 2.4, crushed granite fractions of 5-10 mm.

3.1. The dispensed components according to claim 3 are transported to a concrete mixer of any modern design used at the factory.

3.2. Dose water.

3.3. The silica-containing component prepared according to Clause 1.5 is dosed.

3.4. Dose the additive prepared according to paragraph 2.5.

3.5. Components dispensed in accordance with clause 3.3. and p. 3.4, transported to dosed water according to p. 3.2.

3.6. A mixture of water and additives prepared in accordance with clause 3.5 is transported to a concrete mixer.

3.7. All components located in the concrete mixer are thoroughly mixed for 3 minutes and a ready-mixed concrete is obtained, which is transported to the place of manufacture of the products and sampling for quality control according to the compressive strength parameters, when it hardens at a negative temperature. Compression strength control is carried out in accordance with GOST 10180-2012.

Hardening of concrete is carried out at a negative temperature (-15 ° C), the composition of the concrete mix and the results are presented in table. 1 and 2.

Analysis of the data presented in table. 1 and 2, shows that the proposed high-strength concrete according to this invention in comparison with the control composition increases by 2 times the speed of curing in compression at a negative temperature relative to the prototype.

table 2 No. of composition in accordance with table. one Percentage of strength relative to the design strength,% Age, day 28 56 84 1 prototype 27 42 56 2 54 83 eleven 3 54 83 110 four 54 83 110 5 56 85 112 6 56 85 112 7 56 85 112 8 55 84 111 9 55 84 111 10 55 84 111

Claims (1)

High-strength concrete from a mixture including Portland cement, sand, gravel, a silica-containing component, an additive and water, characterized in that it contains quarry quarry sand with a fineness modulus, Mkr = 2.4, and crushed stone is granite fraction 5 -10 mm, and as a silica-containing component, an H ₂ SiO ₃ sol with a density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ and a pH value of 4 ± 0.5, and as an additive it contains an aqueous solution with a density ρ = 1.0.35 g / cm ³ and pH = 6,5 ± 0,5, consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: polycarboxylate polymer based on meta reels acid with a density of ρ = 0,95 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5 and a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic acid anhydrite with density ρ = 1,03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0 5, sodium gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ ; sodium formate (HCOONa), a mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 1.0 and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5 11.0-14.0 Polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7 ± 0.5 10.0-10.5 Sodium Gluconate, C ₆ H ₁₁ NaO ₇ 2.0-2.5 Sodium Formate, HCOONa 2.5-3.0 A mixture of surfactants based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols and branched alkyl sulfates 8.5-9.0 Water 63.0-64.0
in the following ratio of components of the concrete mixture for high-strength concrete, wt.%:
Portland cement 17.4-19.2 Specified crushed stone 42.4-42.8 Indicated sand 33.0-33.2 The specified silica-containing component 0.2-0.4 Specified Additive 0.2-0.4 Water 5.0-5.8