RU2558038C1 - Kochetov's explosion-proof panel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.SUBSTANCE: explosion-proof panel comprises a metal armoured frame with metal armoured plating and the filler, has in the ends four fixed pipe supports. In the plating of the explosive object four support rods are tightly sealed, which are telescopically inserted in the fixed pipe supports of the panel. The filler is made in the form of a dispersion system air-lead in the form of crumbs. The support rods are made elastic. The explosion-proof panel additionally comprises elastic-dampened collapsing disposable elements that are attached to the sheets-stops by means of the damping base by the screws. The sleeve in the form of a truncated cone is rigidly attached to the base. The lower base of the truncated cone is connected to the base. The disposable element abuts to the upper base of the truncated cone, made in the form of a sleeve from collapsing material, which is clamped from below by the sleeve-type clamping element for fixing the elastic part of the collapsing element, made in the form of a conical spring. The lower base of the conical spring is fixed in the grooves of the damping base by cast polyurethane. Fixing of the clamping element is carried out by means of latches. The disposable element is made in the form of a coil spring from collapsing material.EFFECT: increase in reliability of triggering of explosion-proof devices and ensure the return of these structures in the initial position after the explosion.2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to protective devices used in explosive objects, such as easily discharged panels and roofs, explosion-proof guards and dampers, overpressure valves.

Known explosive valve [1] (Fig. 4 on page 45), consisting of a body, a lined cargo bolt, movably connected to the valve body through at least three flexible connections, in the form of chains, and blocking the hole in the body of the protected object.

Known explosion-proof valve for technological equipment [2, 3], consisting of a body, a lined cargo lock, movably connected to the valve body through at least three flexible connections, in the form of chains, a heat-insulating element and a sealing membrane. A safety device is attached to the valve body, which is fixed with its upper part on the hinge lever, and the lower one on the upper cylindrical part of the body, having a bursting element in the form of a wire.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the membrane is used to seal the valve, i.e. it is almost completely unloaded, and does not significantly affect the valve operating pressure, and the installation of an additional safety device complicates the design, making it less reliable.

Known explosion-proof device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 130657 [4], comprising a valve body, heat insulating and bursting elements, a lined cargo lock, movably connected to the valve body by at least three flexible connections, for example in the form of chains, one end of which is pivotally connected to the valve body and the other is pivotally connected to the cargo lock, while the valve body is made in the form of a lower cylindrical, middle conical and upper cylindrical parts, with a lined gr tight shutter.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the relatively low reliability due to the fact that flexible connections made in the form of chains work jerkily, with blows, since there is no damping system for the cargo bolt.

Known explosion-proof device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 131841 [5], F16D 3/04, comprising a valve body, heat insulating and explosive elements, a lined cargo gate, movably connected to the valve body by at least three flexible connections, while the lined cargo gate is made with a system damping attached to the horizontal jumpers of the rods and facing the cargo bolt, and each of the three damping devices is made in the form of a circular disk on which the damper base is fixed by screws uyuschego apparatus constructed of a rigid type vibration damping material "agate", which is connected with the sleeve of elastomer.

Its disadvantage is the relatively low efficiency of the damping system of the cargo shutter due to the use of rigid vibration damping materials.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is the explosion-proof collapsing design of the fencing of buildings according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 131757 [6], Cl. Ε04B 1/92, (prototype), consisting of an armored metal frame with armored metal casing and a filler - lead. In the coating of the object near the opening, four support rods are embedded that are telescopically inserted into fixed support pipes embedded in the panel. To fix the limit position of the panel, stop plates are welded to the ends of the support rods.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low reliability due to the low efficiency of the damping system of the cargo gate.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the reliability of operation of explosion-proof devices during an emergency explosion at the facility and ensuring the return of these structures to their original position after the explosion.

This is achieved by the fact that in an explosion-proof panel containing a metal armored frame with metal armored casing and lead filler having four fixed support pipes at the ends, while in the coating of an explosive object four support rods are rigidly fixed, which are telescopically inserted into the fixed pipes the panel supports, the filler is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of crumbs, and the support rods are made elastic, and additionally shears elastically-damping, collapsing, single-acting elements that are mounted on support rods to abutment sheets by means of a damping base with screws, and a sleeve made in the form of a truncated cone is rigidly attached to the base, coaxially to the rod, and its lower base of the truncated cone is connected to the base, and in the upper base of the truncated cone rests on a one-time action element made in the form of a sleeve of a brittle, collapsing material, such as porcelain, which is pressed by the clamping bottom a sleeve-type element with grooves for fixing the elastic part of the collapsing element, made in the form of a conical spring, facing its upper base towards the clamping element of the sleeve type, and the lower base of the conical spring is fixed in the grooves of the damping base by injection polyurethane, and fixing the clamping element of the sleeve type is carried out by means of latches mounted on the surface of the rod.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of an explosion-proof coating panel (or roof) of an explosive or radioactive object; FIG. 2 is a diagram of an elastically damping collapsing element of a one-time action.

The explosion-proof panel (Fig. 1) consists of an armored metal frame 1 with armored metal sheathing 2 and a filler - lead 3. In the coating of the object 7 at the aperture 8, four support rods 4 are sealed symmetrically with respect to the axis 9, telescopically inserted into the fixed support tubes 6, embedded in the panel. To fix the limit position of the panel, the stop sheets 5 are welded to the ends of the support rods 4. In order to damp (soften) shock loads when the panel is returned, the filler is made in the form of an air-lead dispersed system, and the lead is made in the form of crumbs, and supporting rods 4 are made elastic. An elastic-damping collapsing element 10 of a one-time action is attached to the stop sheets 5.

The filler may be made in the form of spherical chips of one diameter; in the form of spherical crumbs of different diameters. The filler can be made in the form of crumbs of arbitrary shape of different diametric (maximum external, arbitrary shape, contour of the crumb) size.

The elastic-damping collapsing element 10 of a single action (Fig. 2) is mounted on the support rods 4 to the stop sheets 5 by means of the damping base 11 with screws 12. To the base 11, coaxial to the rod 4, a sleeve 14 made in the form of a truncated cone is rigidly attached, and it the lower base of the truncated cone is connected with the base 11, and a one-time action element made in the form of a sleeve 15 of a brittle, collapsing material, for example porcelain, which is pressed from the bottom of the bar sleeve element 17 with grooves 18 for fixing the elastic part of the collapsing element 10, made in the form of a conical spring, facing its upper base towards the clamping element 17 of the sleeve type, and the lower base of the conical spring 13 is fixed in the damping grooves (not shown) base 11 by injection molding polyurethane. The clamping element 17 of the sleeve type is fixed by means of latches 16 mounted on the surface of the rod 4.

The assembly of the elastically damping collapsing element 10 of a single action is carried out in the following sequence. An abutment sheet 5 is welded to the rod 4, perpendicular to its axis, after which screws 12 are fastened to it with a base 11 having grooves (not shown in the drawing) for installing the lower base of the conical spring 13, which is filled with injection molded polyurethane. Then, on the rod 4, a sleeve 15 is installed, made of a brittle, collapsing material, which is pressed by the clamping element 17 of the sleeve type with grooves 18 to fix the upper base of the conical spring 13. This position is fixed by means of latches 16 mounted on the surface of the rod 4. Thus, the collapsing element 10 is ready for installation on the anti-explosion panel. An embodiment of a disposable action element 15 in the form of a coil spring from a brittle, collapsing material (not shown) is possible.

The explosion-proof panel operates as follows.

When an explosion occurs inside the production room (not shown in the drawing), the panel rises from the action of the shock wave and overpressure is released through the open opening 8. After the explosion and the drop in excess pressure, dropping down, the panel closes the opening 8 and harmful substances do not enter the atmosphere. Stop plates 5 are used to fix the limit position of the panel.

The elastic-damping collapsing element 10 of a single action works as follows.

When lifting the panel 1 from the action of the shock wave, it abuts against the clamping element 17 of the sleeve type, which is released from the latches (latches) 16 on the rod 4, as a result of which the conical spring 13 begins to compress. With the further movement of the clamping element 17 upwards, it destroys the sleeve 15 of the disposable an action made of a brittle, crumbling material, such as porcelain, and compresses a sleeve 14 made in the form of a truncated cone, which changes shape and knocks out the upper base of the conical spring 13, making way for the distant the advancement of the clamping element 17 along the rod 4 until it interacts with the damping base 11. In the case of a large (more than 5 KPa) pressure of the blast wave, either the welding joint is cut off, which fastens the support rods 4 to the stop sheets 5, or the rods jam and break 4 .

In order to damp (soften) shock loads when the panel is returned, the filler of the metal frame 1 is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of a crumb, and the support rods 4 are made elastic.

Using the proposed technical solution allows the prevention of explosive objects from destruction and the reduction of harmful substances into the atmosphere during an accidental explosion.

Information sources

1. Kochetov OS Calculation of explosion-proof devices. The journal "Labor safety in industry", No. 4, 2010, pp. 43-49.

2. Durnev R.Α., Kochetov OS, Ivanova O.Yu. Explosion-proof valve // RF patent for utility model No. 120736. Published on September 27th, 2012. Bulletin of inventions No. 27.

3. Durnev R.Α., Kochetov OS, Ivanova O.Yu. A bench for testing the collapsing structural elements of buildings and structures // RF patent for utility model No. 123104. Published on December 20, 2012. Bulletin of inventions No. 35.

4. Durnev R.Α., Ivanova O.Yu., Kochetov O.S. Explosion-proof device with a bursting membrane // RF patent for utility model No. 130657. Published on July 27th, 2013. Bulletin of inventions No. 21.

5. Ayubov E.N., Omelchenko M.V., Kochetov O.S., Tarakanov A.Yu., Skubak N.Yu., Polyakov I.A. Explosion-proof valve // RF patent for utility model No. 131841. Published on August 27th, 2013. Bulletin of inventions No. 24.

6. Durnev R.Α., Ivanova O.Yu., Kochetov O.S. Explosion-proof collapsing construction of a building enclosure // RF Patent for Utility Model No. 131757. Published on August 27th, 2013. Bulletin of inventions No. 24.

Claims (1)

An explosion-proof panel containing a metal armored frame with metal armored casing and lead filler, having four fixed support pipes at the ends, and four support rods that are telescopically inserted into the fixed pipe support pipes of the panel, and the filler is made into in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of crumbs, and the support rods are made elastic, characterized in that it further comprises elastic -damping collapsing single-acting elements that are attached to the support rods to the stop sheets by means of a damping base with screws, and a sleeve made in the form of a truncated cone is rigidly attached to the base, coaxially to the rod, and its lower base of the truncated cone is connected to the base and to the upper the base of the truncated cone abuts against a one-time action element made in the form of a sleeve of a brittle, collapsing material, such as porcelain, which is pressed from below by a clamping element in of the square type with grooves for fixing the elastic part of the collapsing element, made in the form of a conical spring, facing its upper base towards the clamping element of the sleeve type, and the lower base of the conical spring is fixed in the grooves of the damping base by injection polyurethane, and fixing the clamping element of the sleeve type is carried out by latches mounted on the surface of the rod, and a one-time action element is made in the form of a coil spring from a brittle, collapsing mat rial.

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