RU2556916C2 - Method of increase in productivity of laying hens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the poultry industry, and can be used for growing laying hens. The method comprises administering to the basic diet of biologically active feed additive. The biologically active feed additive is added as biologically active additive "Fukolam" prepared from brown marine algae of the Sea of Okhotsk, in an amount of 3.5% per 1 kg of feed.

EFFECT: implementation of the invention enables to improve the digestibility of feed due to activation of the gastrointestinal tract, improves protein-carbohydrate metabolism, which leads to an increase in egg-laying capacity of hens, to improve the safety of hens, the hatching quality of eggs, and as a result - to an increase in productivity.

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Description

The present invention relates to agriculture, in particular to poultry farming, and can be used in rearing laying hens.

Currently, in order to obtain maximum productivity in the diets of poultry, various synthetic and chemical preparations are used. But an overdose or mismatch in the ratios of chemical elements instead of benefit is harmful, adversely affecting both the quality of the products and the intestinal flora, forming dysbiosis of varying severity. At the same time, digestion is disturbed, the nutrients of the diet are not fully absorbed, the quality of the resulting product decreases.

A known method of feeding laying hens using a bioactive preparation (patent No. 2228133, IPC A23K 1/00, A23K 1/14, A23K 1/16) "Bioactive preparation for feeding agricultural animals and poultry and the method of feeding it." Its disadvantage is that the preparation contains various synthetic amino acids, which can adversely affect the formation of microflora of the intestine of the bird.

As a prototype, "The method of obtaining a probiotic feed additive of KM farms for farm animals and poultry" was selected (US Pat. No. 2412612, IPC A23K 1/165, C12N 1/20). This method is based on the use of Bac monoculture. subtilis.

However, the method has a complex and multi-stage technology for producing probiotic feed additives. In addition, the use of Bac. subtilis can adversely affect the complex of biologically active substances produced by it.

The objective of the invention is the search for a means of increasing the productivity of laying hens in the form of a convenient and inexpensive biologically active feed additive, which allows to increase the digestibility of feed, leading to an increase in egg production, increase the safety of chickens, and the incubation quality of eggs.

The problem is solved in that as a biologically active feed additive for poultry, a biologically active additive - Fukolam dietary supplement, intended for the food industry - the production of ice cream and dairy products, as well as a cosmetic product developed in TIBOKh FEB RAS together with NIIEM SB RAMS and obtained from sea brown algae of the Sea of Okhotsk (RF Patent No. 2315487, Cl. A23L 1/30, A23L 1/337, A23L 2/38, A23L 2/52, A61K 8/73, “Biologically active product from brown algae biologically active until food supplement, soft drink, perfume and cosmetic product ”). BAA "Fukolam" is introduced into the main feed in the amount of 3.5% per 1 kg of feed.

Brown algae (Fucus evanescens) are the most important source of vitamins, synthesize a large number of biologically active substances not found in land plants, and contain a wide range of trace elements. The ability to synthesize polysaccharides is a unique property of algae, unlike terrestrial plants. Brown algae owes its name to the brown pigment present in them - fucoxanthin. Along with the widely known alginic acid, these algae contain polysaccharides - laminaranes and fucoidans, which play a major role in the biological action of algae. Fucoidans are structural polysaccharides that make up the cell walls of brown algae and contain fucose, uronic acids, galactose, xylose, and protein (Bilan M.I., 2002). Different types of algae differ significantly in the content and composition of fucoidans. The percentage yield of fucoidan varies from 4 to 88%. The richest source of fucoidans are representatives of the Fucales order (Smirnova N.A., Usov V.K., 1998). Currently, many developed countries (Japan, Korea, USA) are engaged in the development of fucoidan-based products. The first in the world to introduce fucoidans (as part of food and food raw materials) was Takarabio (Japan), which produced a drink containing fucoidan, and then other products. The uniqueness of the Fukolam dietary supplement is determined by the features of the method for the isolation of fucoidan, its chemical composition, structure and a wide range of biological activity. Fukolam dietary supplement is a set of easily digestible amino acids, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and is also a general tonic. On the practical side, the use of brown algae is promising due to the high content of fucose-containing polysaccharides. The content (yield) of fucoidan in it is 10-15%. Indications for use of Fukolam dietary supplement - prevention of painful conditions caused by general physical weakening of the body, decreased immunity, as well as Fukolam dietary supplement is used as a general strengthening agent, a source of immunoactive polysaccharides, calcium and an additional source of iodine.

In poultry farming, the biologically active additive - dietary supplement "Fukolam" has not been previously used. We studied the effect of the Fukolam dietary supplement on the safety of adult chickens, egg production, and the incubation quality of eggs.

Example.

Scientific and economic experience was carried out on hens of the egg direction on the basis of the state farm "Khabarovsky" (Khabarovsk). For the experiment, four groups of chickens at the age of 210 days were selected - 50 goals in each group. Three groups were experienced, one served as control. Feeding, maintenance of all experimental chickens were the same, generally accepted on the farm. The first experimental group in the main diet was administered dietary supplements "Fukolam" at a dose of 2.0% per 1 kg of feed, the second and third experimental groups, respectively, 3.5% and 5.0% per 1 kg of feed. The control group received the main diet. The duration of the experiment is 180 days. Thanks to the introduction of the Fukolam dietary supplement, the activity of the gastrointestinal tract was activated, the protein-carbohydrate metabolism improved, which led to an increase in egg laying of laying hens and an increase in the safety of the bird. At the end of the experiment, the safety of the birds of the first experimental group was 97.5%, which is 2.1% higher than the control level. In the second experimental group, the safety of the bird was 98.9%, which was 3.5% higher than the control; in the third experimental group, the safety of the bird was 98.5%, while the difference with the control was more than 3.0%. Egg production per hen in the experimental groups in comparison with the control was higher by 3.0 pcs., 8.3 pcs. and 6.3 pcs. eggs, respectively, in the first, second and third groups of chickens, and the cost of feed for the production of 10 eggs was lower by 160-210 g, which is due to the better feed conversion in experimental chickens. Feeding compound feed enriched with Fukolam dietary supplement significantly affected the incubation quality of chicken eggs. The yield of hatching eggs in the experimental groups was on average 3.4% higher than the control, and fertilized eggs - 2.7%. The highest percentage of chickens was in the second experimental group of chickens receiving dietary supplements "Fukolam" at a dose of 3.5% per 1 kg of feed. The live weight and interior indices of the daily chickens (heart, liver, factory bag) were higher in chickens hatched from the eggs of the experimental groups. Based on the live weight of the day old chickens and their interior indicators, it can be concluded that the Fukolam dietary supplement has a positive effect on the development of internal organs, which further affects the work of the heart, liver and other organs. No visual differences in the color of carcasses and egg yolk were found. Organoleptic evaluation of heat-treated samples of chicken meat of the experimental groups showed a complete absence of extraneous taste and smell. To study the correction of lipid metabolism in a living organism (in vivo), the content of fatty acids in the eggs and meat of hens of the experimental groups and the control was determined. Fats are the third and one of the most necessary components of the food of animal organisms and humans. The average daily need for fats for a person is in the range of 60-70 g (V.N. Zapishny, 2004). The inclusion of the Fukolam dietary supplement in the poultry diet made it possible to stimulate lipolysis by activating the lipoproteidlipase enzyme, which characterizes it as a potential anti-hyperlipidemia agent leading to the accumulation of cholesterol in vascular endothelium. All this speaks in favor of the use of the Fukolam dietary supplement in the feeding of poultry to obtain food eggs with desired healing properties. In the experimental groups, saturated fatty acids on average exceeded the control by 4.49%, monounsaturated were also higher than the control by 1.7%. The biological value of fat in poultry meat is characterized by a high content of essential fatty acids in it. In our experiment, the difference between the control and experimental groups was insignificant - from 0.3% to 0.6%.

Thus, the inclusion of a biologically active additive in the poultry dietary supplement “Fukolam” improves the nutritional value of the diet, which helps to improve the productive indicators of laying hens. Based on our data, we believe that the optimal norm for Fukolam dietary supplements for chickens is a dose of 3.5% per 1 kg of feed.

Information sources

1. M. Bilan. Medicinal plants. M., 2002 .-- 285 p.

2. V.N. Forbidden. Organic chemistry. Krasnodar, 2004.S. 237-247.

3. N.A. Smirnova, V.K. Mustache. The structure of fucoidan. Prince Chemistry of natural compounds. M., 1998. No. 3. S.373-374.

4. A.I. Schroeter. Medicinal flora of the Soviet Far East. - M., Medicine. 1975. S. 15-21.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the productivity of laying hens, including the introduction of a biologically active feed additive in the main diet, characterized in that the dietary supplement Fucolam prepared from brown seaweed of the Sea of Okhotsk is introduced in the amount of 3.5% per 1 kg stern.