RU2556677C1 - Method of treatment and prevention of diseases of distal part of limbs in ungulates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: treatment is carried out with an aqueous solution of the preparation "Biopag-D" at a concentration of 4-2% by drifting animals through the baths with the solution having the immersion depth up to the carpal joint.

EFFECT: invention enables to treat efficiently and stress-free and prevent treatment of diseases of hooves and dew claws of animals.

3 cl, 5 dwg, 4 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to orthopedics and treatment of limb diseases in horses, cattle and small cattle and other ungulates on livestock farms and complexes.

In industrial livestock breeding, the problem of limb diseases, which is especially important when animals are tethered and without walking, remains relevant. Limb diseases occupy the third place in culling, among them purulent-necrotic inflammatory processes that affect the distal parts of the limbs, skin and underlying tissues occupy a leading position. Among other animal species, the limbs of small cattle are often also affected when kept on a deep litter. In horses, problems with rotting arrows occur in the absence of regular clearing of hooves and maintenance in rooms with high humidity.

At present, individual and mass methods of treating limb diseases in ungulates are used using chemical preparations.

The mass method includes individual preparation (clearing, trimming of an overgrown horn) of the affected limbs and chemical treatment of several sick animals (for example, in baths, by running) without subsequent bandaging.

A well-known mass method of treating hoof rot of sheep by running animals through a bath with a 2-10% formalin solution (Veterinary law. M., "Colossus", 1972, v. 1, S. 269-274).

The disadvantage of this method is the low therapeutic effect. In addition, formalin has a pronounced keratinizing effect and its use can cause suppuration of the hoof.

Also known is the “Method for the treatment of hoof diseases in farm animals” by sequentially running the animals through baths containing an electroactivated 1-2% aqueous solution of natural bischofite obtained in a diaphragm electrolyzer, in which the hooves are treated first with an anode fraction (anolyte), and then cathode (catholyte), while the redox potential of the anolyte for hoof treatment is at least +1000 mV, and catholyte is 450 mV (see RF patent No. 2187312, A61K 33/00, 08.20.2002. Bull. No. 23).

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its implementation, including the preparation of two solutions with predetermined potentials and the increased cost of treatment due to the use of an apparatus for the electroactivation of a bischofite solution and the need to install two bathtubs in series for treating hooves.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of effective treatment and reduce the cost of its implementation, while expanding the range of chemicals for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities in horses, cattle and small cattle, for the implementation of which would not require imported drugs and large additional costs for equipment which is simple to perform and does not cause stress in animals and environmental pollution and does not impair the quality of products obtained from animals .

The problem is solved in that for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities of ungulates, the treatment is carried out with an aqueous solution of the Biopag-D preparation at a concentration of 2-4% by running the animals through baths with a solution of immersion depth to the carpal joint, and the treatment is carried out for not less than 3 minutes daily for 10-15 days, while baths with a solution of the drug are installed at the entrance to a pasture or a walking yard, and an aqueous solution is prepared from a dry 100% Biopag-D concentrate by dilution. At the same time, horses can use not only large baths, but also use individual baths that are fixed on the limbs. Individual bathtubs are made of rubberized material, in the form of peculiar bags.

The composition of the preparation is Biopag-D disinfectant: polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride - a solution of 20% or 100% dry matter. The active substance of the Biopag-D disinfectant is polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride. It is a polymer that does not contain chlorine, phenol and other toxic substances. Guanidine, which is part of the polymer, blocks all active centers of the microorganism, which, as a result, dies.

Consistency, properties: a clear liquid from colorless to yellow. The pH of the concentrate is 6.5-8.5.

According to the instructions (see L.S. Fedorova, L.G. Panteleeva, T.Z. Rysina and others. Guidelines for the use of the Biopag-D disinfectant. 12/27/2002 - M., 2002, 14 sec. .) consumption rate (for disinfecting solutions): when treating surfaces in rooms and sanitary equipment by wiping with 100 ml / m ² ; by irrigation method - 300 ml / m ² .

The Biopag-D disinfectant has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria (including tuberculosis mycobacteria), viruses, candida fungi, dermatophytes, molds, and has virucidal activity against the H ₅ N ₁ avian influenza virus when treating surfaces, sanitary technical equipment and medical devices contaminated with material containing this virus. The Biopag-D agent has a prolonged disinfecting effect on treated surfaces - the preservation of the disinfecting effect is up to 7 days.

The Biopag-D disinfectant belongs to the 3rd class of moderately hazardous substances when introduced into the stomach, to the 4th class of low-hazard substances when applied to the skin, the vapors of the inhalation are low-hazard. It has a local irritant effect in the form of a concentrate with a single exposure to the skin and eyes, does not have a sensitizing effect.

The main use of Biopag-D disinfectant: objects are treated with solutions of concentrations of 0.25-25% for the preparation.

Biopag-D disinfectant storage period: 2 years; working solutions 2 months or more.

Storage conditions for Biopag-D disinfectant: in hermetically sealed packaging at a temperature of 0 to 35 ° C.

The disinfectant "Biopag-D" for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities in horses, cattle in the indicated concentrations and method parameters has not been previously used in veterinary practice.

From literary sources it is known that aqueous solutions of PAGs are stable and retain their physicochemical properties and biocidal activity for a long time.

Drying on the surface of the skin, the polymer forms a film, which prevents further resorption of the antiseptic, therefore, the absorption of the polymer upon contact with the skin quickly ceases.

After conducting laboratory research and testing, production experiments were carried out in the farms of the Sverdlovsk region.

For practical research and testing, 2 series of experiments were carried out on animal groups: horses and cattle.

Example 1. For the study, 9 goals of sports horses in CFL "Free Wind" were selected with signs of lameness such as a leaning limb and rotting arrows at the age of 5-10 years, before treatment, reducing the arrow (Fig. 1), the animals were kept in individual stalls and walking was carried out in fenced levadas. The experimental design is presented in Table 1.

Animals were in the afternoon for up to 8 hours in levada on a deep litter, with a high moisture content. After the corral, the animals were transferred to stalls at night, the skin was cleaned in the morning, and the animals were again transferred to Levada during the day, or the horses were at work. The owner noticed a limp in animals. The hooves were cleared, rotting arrows were revealed, the 2nd horses were cleared and treated with tar tar for 10 days. After treatment, the limp became less, by the 9-10th day of treatment the animals were practically not limping, the arrow was reduced in size. To 7 horses hooves were cleared and treated using foot baths with Biopag-D. Before the foot baths in horses, a clinical study was conducted. Before treatment, sick horses were washed away with hoofs in the arrow area. Analyzes were carried out in the bacteriological department of the regional veterinary laboratory to determine the causative agent of the disease and sowing for antibiotic sensitivity. Additionally, a blind study was conducted on the sensitivity of the identified microflora to the drug "Biopag-D" in various concentrations. The results of flushing from the distal parts of the limbs (the hoof wall and the sole of the hoof) are presented in Table 2.

According to the results of bacteriological research, the bactericidal activity of Biopag-D was determined at a concentration of 2% to the selected pathogens. In addition, the viscosity of the solution and its adhesive properties were determined. In this study, a direct dependence of the concentration of the drug with viscosity and its adhesive properties was proved (with increasing concentration of the solution, viscosity and adhesiveness increase).

As an experimental therapeutic and prophylactic agent, a solution of the Biopag-D preparation in 4% concentration was used. A solution of the drug was used in the form of individual foot baths for each limb. The duration of stay in the bath averaged 13-15 minutes. As a bath, bags of rubberized material (medical oilcloth) were used, which were fixed on the limbs of the animal. The treatment was carried out for 10 days, but improvements (the disappearance of claudication, the absence of rotting odor, the absence of dead tissue) were observed after the 5-6th procedure. With 6 procedures noted recovery (regrowth) of the arrow (Fig. 2).

Clearing the sole of the hoof was carried out daily. The research results were subjected to statistical processing.

When analyzing the results of the studies, the following conclusions:

1. The use of a 4-2% solution of the Biopag-D disinfectant preparation is technically feasible, effective and justified in the treatment of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities in horses.

2. Animals tolerate the procedures of the proposed foot baths well.

3. The solution of the Biopag-D preparation can be recommended as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent in the fight against inflammatory infectious and non-communicable diseases of the extremities in horses.

Using the proposed method in veterinary practice will improve the effectiveness of the treatment of diseases of the hooves and distal parts of the horse's limbs.

Example 2. For the study, we selected 2 groups of cows in the GSP “Glinskoye” in the Sverdlovsk Region with signs of damage to the distal limb section at an average age of 6.5 years in the amount of 198 animals. The milk yield of cows is up to 5000 liters of milk per year. Animals were housed in 2 pens, in one 100, in another 98 cows.

The number of lame cows was 44-45% (45 and 44 goals, respectively) of the total number of animals in the group.

In the first corral, animals (100 animals) were treated with foot baths with a 5% formalin solution once every 7 days (control group), in the second, 98 animals were daily treated with foot baths from a 4% Biopag-D solution (experimental group). Studies were conducted in the pasture period.

As an experimental therapeutic and prophylactic agent, a solution of the drug — a Biopag-D disinfectant solution in 2–4% concentration, was used. The solution of the drug was used in the form of foot baths in the pasture. Before the foot baths in cows, a clinical study was conducted. The results were subjected to statistical processing.

Before the start of the experiment, the animals showed stiffness of movements and varying degrees of lameness. As a result of the studies, various diseases of the distal portion of the limbs of cattle and a different degree of damage to the skin of the pericentral zone were revealed:

increase in local temperature,

swelling and pain in the area of the corolla and directly above the corolla,

as well as damage to the horn of the hoof wall and the sole of the hoof:

- cracks

- ulcers (before treatment - an ulcer in the area of the interdigital gap, Fig. 3),

- softening,

- bundles,

- creases of the hoofed horn,

- purulent pododermatitis,

- detachment of the hoofed horn, etc.

Animals were placed in pasture pens. Foot baths, in the form of troughs, 2 × 3 m ² in size, sides up to 0.3 m high, solution level 15–20 cm. The degree of immersion of the extremities in the solution is shown in FIG. 5.

Baths were located (installed) at the entrance to a pasture or a walking yard.

In the first control pen, 5% formalin solution was poured into the baths, and in the second 4% solution of the drug, Biopag-D. An aqueous solution is prepared from a dry 100% concentrate by dilution. Every 2 days, the Biopag-D solution was added to a certain level. The concentration of the drug solution as a result of contamination by soil particles and other biomaterial decreased from 4% to about 2% (at least 2%).

The animals of the first corral entered the formalin bath for 1-2 minutes during the first and second treatment, and the animals of the second corral for 1-2 days.

In the second corral at the beginning, foot baths were forced for 3-5 minutes. From 2-3 days the animals visited the bath independently.

The duration of animal limbs in the bath was on average up to 5 minutes.

From day 10, the number of animals visiting the bath with the Biopag-D solution was reduced by 2 times, some congestion of the hoof of the hoof was noted. Many cows showed active granulation of areas of open wounds and ulcers (After treatment. No defect. Fig. 4). Slight lameness was observed in individual cows (4 heads) 3.5%. Animals became calmer. Average daily milk yield rose. The results of the control milks are presented in Table 3.

In the first control pen from 10 days, for economic reasons and the discovered results of the experimental version, the formalin solution was replaced with a solution of the Biopag-D drug, because a decrease in signs of inflammation was less pronounced.

In cows of the first group, after a week of using Biopag-D, there was also a significant decrease in the number of lame cows.

From day 10, the number of animals visiting the bath was reduced by 2 times, many cows showed active granulation of areas of open wounds and ulcers.

By day 20 in the second, and by day 25 in the first group, lame cows were not observed (Fig. 4).

The research results are shown in Table 4.

When analyzing the results of the studies, the following conclusions:

1. The use of a 2-4% solution of the Biopag-D preparation is technically feasible, effective and justified in the treatment of various diseases of the limbs in cattle.

2. Animals tolerate the procedures of the proposed foot baths well.

3. A 2-4% solution of the Biopag-D preparation should be recommended as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent in the fight against inflammatory infectious and non-contagious limb diseases in cattle. Using the proposed method in veterinary practice can improve the effectiveness of the treatment of diseases of the hooves and distal parts of the limbs of farm animals and reduce the appearance of unwanted complications and relapses.

The novelty of the method is the use of the well-known biopag-D disinfectant for a new purpose and in the recommended concentration of 2-4% for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities in ungulates of various etiologies in both cattle and horses in industrial animal husbandry.

An unobvious effect of the method is that animals voluntarily go to therapeutic baths (without stress), which leads to an increase in milk yield in cows and an improvement in the sanitary and hygienic condition on farms and pastures.

Claims (3)

1. A method for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities of ungulates by treating hooves and hooves, characterized in that the treatment is carried out with an aqueous solution of Biopag-D at a concentration of 4-2% by running the animals through baths with a solution of immersion depth to the carpal joint . 2. A method for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities of ungulates according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment is carried out for at least 3 minutes daily, for 10-15 days. 3. A method for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the distal portion of the extremities of ungulates according to claim 1, characterized in that the baths with the preparation solution are installed at the entrance to the pasture or the walking yard, and the aqueous solution of the preparation is prepared from a dry 100% Biopag-D concentrate by breeding.

Images