RU2555990C1 - Device for hardening ice crossing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises the ice crossing in which the holes are made throughout the intended route of cargo transportation on its both sides, through which the reinforced concrete units are lowered under ice by means of cables. Discs are fixed to the upper ends of cables. The length of cables is selected in such a way that the ice doesn't rise above the initial position relative to the bottom when flexural-gravity waves occur. The distance between the openings along the crossing is equal to the length of resonant flexural-gravity waves λ_p. The discs are also installed in the middle between them at a distance from them equal to λ_p/2, under the ice. On either sides of the crossing all disks are rigidly connected with strong horizontal beams by means of racks.

EFFECT: hardening of ice crossing.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ice engineering and can be used in the operation of the ice cover as ice crossings.

A technical solution is known (1. RU 2281357 C1 dated 06/10/2006. Bull. No. 22), which consists in the fact that through the ice cover throughout the intended route for the transport of goods on both sides of it through holes are made through vertical holes through which under the ice reinforced concrete blocks are lowered with the help of ropes, disks with a diameter exceeding the diameters of the holes are attached to the upper ends of the ropes, while the length of the ropes is selected so that when bending-gravitational waves (IGW) occur, the ice does not rise above the original position with respect to the bottom at the top of the IHV.

The disadvantage of this solution is the inability to ensure the lowering of ice above the initial position relative to the bottom on the soles of the IHV.

The task of the invention is to reduce the intensity of the IHV arising in the ice sheet from a load moving along it.

The technical result achieved by solving the problem is to increase the strength of the ice crossing and the degree of its reliability.

The essential features characterizing the invention.

Restrictive: a device for hardening an ice crossing, including an ice cover in which holes are made along the entire length of the intended way of transporting goods on both sides, through which reinforced concrete blocks are lowered under the ice with cables, disks are attached to the upper ends of the cables, while the length of the cables is chosen so that when bending-gravitational waves occur, the ice does not rise above its original position relative to the bottom.

Distinctive: the distance between the holes along the crossing is equal to the length of the resonant bending-gravitational waves λ _p , in the middle between them, i.e. at a distance of them equal to λ _p / 2, disks are also installed under the ice, while on one and the other sides of the crossing, all disks are rigidly connected with strong horizontal beams using racks.

It is known (2. Kozin VM The resonant method of ice cover destruction. Inventions and experiments. / M.: Academy of Natural Sciences Publishing House. 2007. - 355 p.) That when the load moves along the ice cover, IHVs appear in it . When the load speed coincides with the minimum phase velocity of the IGW, i.e. At a resonant speed, resonant IGWs with a length of λ _p begin to propagate in the ice sheet, their amplitude increases sharply and the ice begins to collapse under loads much less than static.

To reduce the intensity, i.e. the height of the IGV, which is the sum of the height of the ridge and the depth of the basin of the IGV, it is proposed to use the proposed device that does not allow the ice cover to rise and fall relative to its original, i.e. before the movement of the load, the position, thus reducing its deformation, bending stresses and, accordingly, increasing the strength of the ice crossing.

The device and its principle of operation are as follows.

; где

- цилиндрическая жесткость ледяной пластины; µ - коэффициент Пуассона; ρ_л - плотность льда; g - ускорение силы тяжести (3. Хейсин Д.Е. Динамика ледяного покрова. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат. - 1967. 215 с.). Найденному значению h необходимо обеспечить запас прочности ледяного покрова при движении по нему нагрузки, в том числе и с резонансными скоростями

[2], [3]. Для этого в ледяном покрове на всем протяжении намеченного пути транспортировки грузов по обеим его сторонам сверлят ряды сквозных вертикальных отверстий на расстоянии друг от друга равном λ_р. Через них под лед на дно бассейна опускают, например, железобетонные блоки с прикрепленными к ним тросами, к верхним концам которых прикреплены стальные диски диаметром, превышающим диаметр отверстий. Длина тросов выбрана с таким расчетом, чтобы при возникновении ИГВ лед не поднимался над первоначальным, т.е. до начала движения нагрузки, положением. Все диски с одной и другой стороны переправы при помощи стоек жестко соединены с горизонтальными балками. Посередине между отверстиями, т.е. на расстоянии от них, равном λ_р/2, подо льдом также установлены диски, которые также жестко соединены с горизонтальными балками. За счет этих дисков и их жесткой связи с прочными горизонтальными балками лед не будет опускаться относительно его первоначального положения. Возникшие во льду ИГВ от движения нагрузки при их распространении в месте установки устройства будут им погашены, т.к. оно не позволит ледяному покрову подниматься и опускаться, т.е. совершать волновые движения, при возникновении в тросах растягивающих усилий, когда лед начинает подниматься относительно первоначального положения. Несмотря на периодичность работы устройства оно будет более эффективно гасить ИГВ по сравнению с прототипом, т.к. на развитие колебаний льда и возбуждение ИГВ максимальной высоты (интенсивности) требуется значительно большее время, чем период ИГВ, возбуждаемых движущейся нагрузкой, т.е. время прохождения волной расстояния, равного λ_р [2]. После замерзания воды в просверленных отверстиях переправа готова к эксплуатации.Initially, depending on the ice conditions (Young's modulus of ice E, water depth H and sufficient to ensure the strength of the ice cover h under static load), the length of resonant IGWs is determined

; Where

- cylindrical stiffness of the ice plate; µ is the Poisson's ratio; ρ _l is the density of ice; g - acceleration of gravity (3. Kheisin D.E. Dynamics of ice cover. L .: Hydrometeoizdat. - 1967. 215 p.). The found value of h must ensure the safety margin of the ice cover when the load moves along it, including with resonant speeds

[2], [3]. To do this, in the ice cover along the entire intended route of transportation of goods on both sides of the drilled rows of through vertical holes at a distance from each other equal to λ _p . Through them, for example, reinforced concrete blocks are lowered under the ice to the bottom of the pool with cables attached to them, to the upper ends of which steel disks are attached with a diameter exceeding the diameter of the holes. The length of the cables was chosen so that when IGV occurs, the ice does not rise above the original, i.e. before the movement of the load, position. All discs on one and the other side of the crossing with the help of racks are rigidly connected to horizontal beams. In the middle between the holes, i.e. at a distance from them equal to λ _p / 2, disks are also installed under the ice, which are also rigidly connected to horizontal beams. Due to these disks and their rigid connection with strong horizontal beams, ice will not fall relative to its original position. IGVs that arose in the ice from the movement of the load during their distribution at the installation site of the device will be repaid by it, because it will not allow the ice cover to rise and fall, i.e. make wave movements when tensile forces occur in the cables, when the ice begins to rise relative to its original position. Despite the frequency of operation of the device, it will more effectively extinguish the IHV compared to the prototype, the development of ice oscillations and the excitation of IGV of a maximum height (intensity) requires a significantly longer time than the period of the IGV excited by a moving load, i.e. the time the wave travels a distance equal to λ _p [2]. After freezing water in the drilled holes, the ferry is ready for operation.

The invention is illustrated graphically, where: in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a General view of the device; in FIG. 2 is a section along A-A in FIG. one.

In the ice sheet 1 along the entire length of the cargo transportation path 2 (Fig. 1), holes 3 were drilled on both sides of it at a distance from each other λ _p . Through them, under the ice to the bottom of the pool 4, cables 5 with reinforced concrete blocks 6 are lowered. Steel disks 7 are attached to the upper ends of the cables 5 (Fig. 1, 2). Between the holes 3, holes 8 are drilled through which, at a distance of λ _p / 2 from the disks 7, disks 9 are installed under the ice (Fig. 2). All disks 7 and 9 on one and the other side of the crossing with the help of racks 10 are rigidly connected to strong horizontal beams 11 (Fig. 1, 2). The device begins to work when 5 tensile forces occur in the cables, i.e. it does not allow NTV 12 to develop in the ice cover 1 (Fig. 2), which ensures the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

A device for hardening an ice crossing, including an ice cover in which holes are made along the entire length of the intended route for transporting goods on both sides, through which reinforced concrete blocks are lowered under the ice, disks are attached to the upper ends of the cables, while the length of the cables chosen so that when bending gravitational waves occurs, the ice does not rise above its original position relative to the bottom, characterized in that the distance between the holes along the crossing equal to the length of the resonant bending-gravitational waves λ _p in the middle between them, i.e. at a distance of them equal to λ _p / 2, disks are also installed under the ice, while on one and the other sides of the crossing, all disks are rigidly connected with strong horizontal beams using racks.

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