RU2555275C2 - Measuring system of elongation of pins at simultaneous tightening by nut wrench as per torque value - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine-building industry. A measuring system of elongation of pins at simultaneous tightening by means of a nut wrench as per a torque value includes a nut wrench with an unit of transmissions with drives with electronic control and tie-rods (53). The lower end of tie-rod (53) is provided with tube wrench (2). Tie-rod (53) is provided with an integrated device for measurement of elongation of pins, which consists of two parts. The first part of the integrated device for measurement of elongation of pins consists of inductive transducer (13) closed in housing (5) by means of collet (4) and is elastically arranged through compression spring (9) and bearing (12) in capsule (11). Capsule (11) is stiffly fixed in tube wrench (2); collet (4) is pressed by compression spring (9) onto the pin face to provide accurate installation of inductive transducer (13) on the pin. The second part of the integrated device for measurement of elongation of pins is located above the first part and made in the form of a guide located in pipe (1) with a possibility of being rotated, passing through a hole made in the output shaft for fixation in the unit of transmissions to prevent turning. The first part of the integrated system for measurement of elongation of pins is an electrical conductor; it conducts through the second part of the integrated device for measurement of elongation of pins and the unit of transmissions and is connected to a control cabinet.

EFFECT: improvement of accuracy and reliability of screwing-up flanged joints.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of machinery for tightening threaded joints. The invention is applicable in the course of performing service work in the nuclear industry.

State of the art

When tightening the flange connections of nuclear power plants, the key requirement is to tighten the flange connection to a predetermined extension of the studs that fix this flange connection. The fact is that for this flange connection, the axial force necessary for its sealing is determined. Based on this force, the force required for each stud of a given connection is determined, the corresponding elongation of the studs is calculated from the value of this force, which is necessary when tightening the nuts securing the flange so that the required sealing of the flange takes place.

Still used wrenches of flange connections of the upper reactor blocks use a system for measuring the extension of these studs, operating on the principle of proportional measurement of the extension of the studs. Each hairpin is equipped with a central longitudinal recess in which a measuring rod is installed, which is firmly fixed in the hairpin at the bottom. The end face of the stud body is polished one level with the end face of the measuring rod. The measurement of the extension of the studs in the equipment of this prior art is performed so that a collet with an inductive sensor is rigidly fixed to the end of the stud.

The collet rests on the circular ring of the end face of the stud, and the induction sensor - on the surface of the end face of the measuring rod. The pin was equipped, firstly, with a thread for the nut, and secondly, with a thread for connecting the tensioner. Before the changes began, the output of the inductive sensor was reset, after which the stud was tensioned with a hydraulic tensioner. The hairpin began to lengthen, while the measuring rod retained its original length. After extension of the stud shaft, the end of the measuring rod was below the level of the stud face, and this difference was recorded by an inductive sensor. After reaching the required elongation, the stud tension was stopped, and the nut screwed on the stud was tightened to the flange so that the resulting elongation was fixed. Obtaining this extension was a very slow process, since first it was necessary to connect the measuring equipment, and then screw the tensioner. In addition, it was still necessary to install a key for tightening the nuts. After completion of work, it was necessary to first remove the tensioner, disconnect the measuring device, and only then remove the system from the stud.

Further, for example, the document SU 1433785 A is known, dedicated to a socket wrench for an impact wrench with a capacitive sensor, which allows to achieve the above accuracy of tightening threaded joints by lengthening the shaft of a tightened threaded joint. When the hammer strikes the anvil, the socket wrench and the nut rotate by a certain angle, thus increasing the extension of the screw shaft, which will lead to the displacement of the capacitive displacement sensor. The recording device captures the offset at each turn and compares with a predetermined value. After reaching an increase in elongation less than a predetermined design value, the wrench is turned off. This system, however, is not suitable for measuring the above studs of the upper block of a nuclear reactor, in particular because it does not allow the required accurate measurement of the total elongation of the studs required when tightening the flange joints of nuclear reactors to achieve their sealing.

Disclosure of invention

A system for measuring the elongation of studs while simultaneously tightening with a torque wrench is applicable for flange connections of the upper block of a nuclear reactor. The system includes a wrench, a control cabinet with controls, a gearbox with electronically controlled drives, rods and a support part. The gearbox consists of a gearbox with output shafts for connecting rods, in which a device for measuring the extension of the studs is integrated, and servo drives with gears. The output shafts for connecting the rods are oriented around the supporting part. The connection between the gearbox and the rods is made so that each output shaft is provided with an outer quadrangle, and the pipe of each rod at one end is equipped with an adapter with an inner quadrangle. The fixation of each connection to prevent disconnection is performed using two pins in two parallel holes passing through two quadrangles simultaneously. The second end of the rod pipe with an integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is provided with external grooves for the pipe wrench. One end of the pipe wrench is provided with an internal thread, and the other end of the pipe wrench is equipped with an internal hexagon for mounting flange nuts. The internal cutting of the pipe wrench and the external cutting of the tube form a sliding joint. The sliding joint is spring-sprung. The spring presses the pipe wrench to the extreme position, contributes to the popping of the pipe wrench on the stud nut.

Each of the rods with an integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is equipped with a device for measuring elongation, consisting of two parts. The first part of an integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs consists of an inductive sensor closed in the housing with a collet, and through the compression spring and the bearing is resiliently located in the capsule. An inductive sensor measures the elongation of the screw stud. The capsule is rigidly fixed in the pipe wrench. The collet is pressed by a compression spring on the end of the stud to ensure accurate installation of the inductive sensor on the stud.

The second part of the integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is located above the first part and is a guide consisting of two fixing tubes. The guide is rotationally located in the pipe and passes through a hole in the output shaft to the gear unit, to which it is fixed to prevent turning.

The first and second parts of an integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs are connected by a tension spring. Due to the fact that the first part of the integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is suspended on the second part by means of a tension spring, protection against trembling and vibrations arising in the wrench during screwing / unscrewing is provided. This can significantly improve the accuracy of measurements of the extension of the studs. The first part of the integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs is an electrical conductor, passes through the second part of the integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs and the gearbox and is connected to the control cabinet. Due to the fact that the second part of the integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs, and thus the first part is fixed against turning during screwing / unscrewing, the inductive sensor is also protected from turning, which significantly affects the accuracy of measurements, and the electrical conductor is protected from damage , for example, when twisting.

When using the system for measuring the extension of the studs for flange connections of the upper unit of the VVER nuclear reactor while simultaneously screwdriving by the torque value, the advantage is the use of a stop, which prevents torsional movements of the wrench and, as a result, increases the accuracy of measurements. The emphasis is fixed on the upper distance plate of the upper block and is designed to capture the reaction forces that occur when screwing / unscrewing flange joints. Thus, it prevents rotation of the wrench in the hole of the perforated upper distance plate of the upper block on which the wrench is mounted, and has a significant effect on improving the accuracy of measuring elongation. The emphasis also ensures the correct angular rotation of the wrench when mounted on a flange connection.

If the stop is used, the nutrunner under the gearbox is equipped with two keys. Using these keys, the wrench on top is fixed in the stop housing or in the housing cartridge. The cartridge has two guide grooves with inserts for the keys.

A shoe is laid in the housing shoulder with a screw. A nozzle with a replaceable insert is fixed to the shoe. The insert is replaceable for the reason that it always ensures that it enters the hole adjacent to the hole in which the wrench is installed, since the holes in the upper spacer plate have different diameters. Simple replacement of the liner allows you to use the stop for screwing / unscrewing any flange connection of the upper block, located next to the hole of arbitrary diameter. The screw is connected to the lever in the form of a socket key. By turning the socket wrench, the screw is screwed in / out and the shoe or nozzle is moved with a removable insert. Thus, the gap between the hole in which the wrench is installed and the hole in which the stop is fixed with the help of the liner is reduced / increased, thus fixing the entire system on the upper distance plate.

Also a convenient embodiment of the system for measuring the extension of the studs while screwing the torque wrench is the option in which the wrench of the flange joints is equipped with a device for reading a 2D code to identify a specific flange joint. Each flange connection can be equipped with a unique 2D code. After installing the wrench, a specific flange connection can be identified and the position of the wrench for working on the flange connection can be determined. This allows you to eliminate the influence of the human factor when, by mistake, the operation is repeated on an already screwed / unscrewed flange connection.

A system for measuring the extension of the studs while simultaneously tightening with a torque wrench, which consists of a flange nut wrench and a rod with an integrated device for measuring the extension of the stud (in two parts), is suitable for flange connections of the upper block of a nuclear reactor. Thanks to its design, it allows precise and reliable screwing of flange joints.

Brief Description of the Drawings

An approximate implementation of the proposed solution is given with reference to the drawings, which show:

in fig. 1 - the upper part of the rod with a device for measuring the elongation of the studs from two parts,

in fig. 2 - the lower part of the rod with a device for measuring the elongation of the studs from two parts,

in fig. 3 - emphasis, side view,

in fig. 4 - emphasis, axonometric view,

in fig. 5 is an exemplary embodiment of a wrench according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The system for measuring the extension of the studs while simultaneously tightening with a torque wrench includes a torque wrench consisting of a control cabinet with controls, a gearbox with electronic drives, rods 53 and a supporting part. The gearbox consists of a gearbox with output shafts for connecting six rods 53, which integrates a device for measuring elongation, six rods 54 without a device for measuring elongation, and servo drives with gears. The output shafts for connecting the rods 53 are oriented around the support part.

The connection between the gearbox and the rods 53 is made so that each output shaft is provided with an outer quadrangle, and the pipe 1 of each rod 53 is provided at one end with an adapter 3 with an inner quadrangle. The fixation of each connection to prevent disconnection is performed using two pins in two parallel holes passing through two quadrangles simultaneously. The second, lower, end of the pipe 1 of the rod without a device for measuring studs is provided with external grooves for the head with an internal hexagon. The second, lower, end of the pipe 1 of the rod 53 with an integrated device for measuring studs is provided with external grooves for the pipe wrench 2.

One end of the pipe wrench 2 is provided with an internal thread, and the other end of the pipe wrench 2 is provided with an internal hexagon for mounting nuts. The internal cutting of the pipe wrench 2 and the external cutting of the pipe 1 form a sliding connection. The sliding joint is sprung by a spring 8.

Each of the six rods 53 is equipped with a device for measuring the extension of the studs, consisting of two parts. The first part of the integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs consists of an inductive sensor 13, closed in the housing 5 by means of a collet 4, and is resiliently located through the compression spring 9 and the bearing 12 in the capsule 11. The capsule 11 is rigidly fixed in the pipe wrench 2. The collet 4 is pressed by the spring compression 9 on the end of the stud to ensure accurate installation of the inductive sensor 13 on the stud.

The second part of the integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is located above the first part and is a guide consisting of a fixing pipe 6 and an internal fixing pipe 7. The guide is rotationally located in the pipe 1 and passes through a hole in the output shaft to the gearbox, which is fixed to prevent rotation .

The first and second parts of the integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs are connected by a tension spring 10. The first part of the integrated system for measuring the extension of the studs is an electrical conductor, passes through the second part of the integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs and the transmission unit and is connected to the control cabinet.

The system for measuring the elongation of studs while simultaneously tightening with a torque wrench is designed for flange connections of the upper unit of the VVER-1000 nuclear reactor. The wrench for these purposes under the gearbox is equipped with two keys, with which the wrench is fixed on top in the housing 14 of the stop or in the cartridge of the housing 14. The cartridge has two guide grooves with inserts 19 for the keys. A shoe 18 is laid in the shoulder of the housing 14 by means of a screw 17. A nozzle 16 with a replaceable insert 15 is fixed to the shoe 18. The screw 17 is connected to the lever 20 in the form of a socket key.

In fig. 5 shows a preferred embodiment of a wrench according to the present invention, consisting of a control cabinet with controls, electric drives connected via a gearbox to six rods 53 with an integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs and six rods without an integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs. When tightening the flange connection of the nutrunner, the nutrunner rods are mounted on the corresponding stud nuts and bolts, the pipe wrench 2 with an integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is installed on the nuts screwed on six studs with measuring rods, and the pipe wrenches without an integrated device for measuring the elongation are installed on the heads of six bolts.

When installing a pipe wrench 2 with an integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs on the corresponding stud nut with the measuring rod, the collet 4 is simultaneously mounted on the end of the stud, and the slider of the inductive sensor 13 rests on the end of the measuring stud of the stud. Next, the wrench is fixed by means of the housing 14 of the stop in an adjacent hole in the spacing plate of the upper block to prevent unwanted movement of the wrench during tightening the studs. The system will carry out actions, preferably pre-programmed, and after zeroing the extension measurement sensor, it starts tightening the studs with measuring rods. After reaching the required total extension of the studs, the process ends.

List of Symbols

1 - pipe

2 - pipe wrench

3 - adapter

4 - collet

5 - case

6 - fixing pipe

7 - fixing pipe

8 - spring

9 - compression spring

10 - tension spring

11 - capsule

12 - bearing

13 - inductive sensor

14 - emphasis case

15 - replaceable liner

16 - nozzle

17-screw

18 - shoe

19 - liner

20 - lever

53 - rod with an integrated device for measuring elongation

54 - rod without a device for measuring elongation

Claims (3)

1. A system for measuring the elongation of studs while simultaneously tightening with a screwdriver according to the value of the torque for tightening the studs of the flange connections of the upper unit of the nuclear reactor, comprising a wrench consisting of a control cabinet with controls, an electronic gearbox with actuators, rods (53) and a support part moreover, the gearbox consists of a gearbox with output shafts for connecting the rods (53) with an integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs, and of servos with gears, and the output shafts for connecting the rods (53) are oriented around the supporting part, characterized in that the rod (53) is equipped with an integrated device for measuring the extension of the studs, in which the first part consists of an inductive sensor (13), closed in the housing (5) with a collet ( 4), and is elastically located through the compression spring (9) and the bearing (12) in the capsule (11), the capsule (11) being rigidly fixed in the pipe wrench (2), the collet (4) is pressed by the compression spring (9) on the end of the stud to ensure accurate installation of the inductive sensor (13) on the stud, and the second part of the inter The device for measuring the extension of the studs is located above the first part and is a guide consisting of a fixing pipe (6) and an internal fixing pipe (7), the guide being rotationally located in the pipe (1) and the hole in the output shaft passes into the gear unit (52 ), to which it is fixed to prevent turning, and the connection of the first and second parts of the integrated device for measuring the elongation of the studs is provided by a tension spring (10), and the first part of the integrated system is measured I stud elongation is an electrical conductor and is connected through a second portion of the integrated device for measuring the elongation of pins and the block transmissions from the control cabinet. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that for the possibility of fixing the wrench in the body (14) of the stop, preventing the wrench from turning, or in the cartridge of the housing (14) it is equipped with two dowels installed under the gear unit, and the cartridge has at least at least one guide groove with an insert (19) for the dowel, a shoe (18) is installed in the housing shoulder (14) with a screw (17), to which a nozzle (16) is fixed with a replaceable insert (15), and the screw (17) is connected with lever (20) using the socket wrench. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wrench is equipped with a device for reading a 2D code to identify a specific flange connection.

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