CN111458123A - Measuring device for friction coefficient and torque coefficient of threaded fastener - Google Patents
Measuring device for friction coefficient and torque coefficient of threaded fastener Download PDFInfo
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- CN111458123A CN111458123A CN202010282696.7A CN202010282696A CN111458123A CN 111458123 A CN111458123 A CN 111458123A CN 202010282696 A CN202010282696 A CN 202010282696A CN 111458123 A CN111458123 A CN 111458123A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of a threaded fastener, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, accuracy in measurement and the like. The method is mainly used for measuring each key friction coefficient (total friction coefficient, thread friction coefficient and bearing surface friction coefficient) and torque coefficient of the threaded fastener, and can realize measurement of bolts with different sizes while ensuring the coaxiality of threaded connection. The scheme is as follows: the measuring device mainly comprises a torque sensor, a nut clamping mechanism, an annular pretightening force sensor, a support frame and a digital display torque wrench. A working module of a friction wear testing machine (UMT) is used for being connected with a torque sensor, and further connected with a nut clamping mechanism fixing nut, a support frame fixing connecting piece and an annular pretightening force sensor, and a digital display torque wrench is used for screwing a bolt, so that parameters such as screwing torque, axial pretightening force and nut fixed end torque can be measured simultaneously, and each key friction coefficient and each torque coefficient of a threaded fastener can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing devices, and mainly relates to a device for measuring a friction coefficient and a torque coefficient of a threaded fastener.
Background
The threaded connection is widely applied to modern production and manufacturing due to the advantages of strong bearing capacity, good interchangeability, detachability and the like. For the tightening of threaded couplings, the torque method is currently the most common engineering practice. The tightening torque is mainly used to overcome the friction of the bearing surface and the thread, and only a small part is used to generate the pretightening force of the fastener. Therefore, the coefficient of friction is of critical importance in threaded couplings, especially the coefficient of bearing surface friction and the coefficient of thread friction. In many practical projects, these two coefficients of friction are considered to be equal, which actually has a certain influence on the quality of the assembly. The conventional method for testing the key friction coefficients of the threaded fasteners is mostly completed by a multifunctional bolt fastening analysis system, and the equipment is expensive in manufacturing cost, large in size and heavy in weight and is not easy to move. Aiming at the technical defects, the invention designs a device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener, which can realize the measurement of each key friction coefficient (total friction coefficient mu) of the threaded fastenertotCoefficient of friction of screw thread muthCoefficient of friction with bearing surface mub) And an accurate measurement of the torque coefficient K. The clamp of the measuring device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, is used for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener in assembly, and has important significance for ensuring the reliability and the stability of threaded connection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of a threaded fastener, which is mainly used for accurately measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific scheme of the measuring device is as follows: a measuring device for friction coefficient and torque coefficient of a threaded fastener mainly comprises a torque sensor 1, a nut clamping mechanism 2, an annular pretightening force sensor 3, a support frame 4 and a digital display torque wrench 5.
The torque sensor 1 is connected to a working module at the upper part of a friction wear testing machine (UMT) and can move in the vertical direction; the nut clamping mechanism 2 is connected to the torque sensor 1 through a bolt to fix a nut; the support frame 4 is fixed on a workbench at the lower part of a friction wear testing machine (UMT) and is used for placing the connecting piece and the annular pretightening force sensor 3; the digital display torque wrench 5 is used for screwing a bolt on the lower part of the support frame. The measuring device can simultaneously measure parameters such as tightening torque, axial pretightening force, nut fixed end torque and the like, so that various key friction coefficients and torque coefficients of the threaded fastener are obtained.
The torque sensor 1 is a standard torque sensor equipped on the UMT. The upper part is connected with the UMT, and the lower part is connected with the nut clamping mechanism 2. For measuring the torque at the anchor nut end.
The annular pretightening force sensor 3 is sleeved between the connecting piece and the nut, and a gasket is arranged between the annular pretightening force sensor and the nut and used for measuring the pretightening force of the threaded fastener in the experimental process.
The support frame 4 is fixedly connected to the lower work table of the UMT through bolts, and a square groove is formed in the upper surface of a support plate in the support frame and used for placing two connecting pieces and plays a role in fixing; the circular through hole is reserved on the lower surface of the connecting piece, so that the bolt head can be directly contacted with the surface material of the connecting piece, and the contact surface of the bolt head is consistent with the actual working state.
The digital display torque wrench 5 is used for screwing bolts in the measuring device, has the accuracy error of 2 percent, meets the national detection standard, can record the torque in the screwing process in real time and can also set a target torque value for screwing.
Further, the test method comprises the following steps:
the torque sensor 1 is attached to the upper working module of a friction wear tester (UMT).
The nut clamp mechanism 2 is bolted to the torque sensor 1.
The support frame 4 is fixed on a lower work table of a friction wear testing machine (UMT).
Two connectors are placed in the square grooves of the support plates in the support frame 4.
The annular pretightening force sensor 3 is placed between the two connecting pieces and the nut, a gasket is placed on the pretightening force sensor 3, and meanwhile, a data acquisition line of the annular pretightening force sensor 3 is connected to a computer reading end.
The nut is clamped and fixed in the nut clamping mechanism 2.
After all components and the test workpiece are fixed, starting the UMT to enable the torque sensor 1 to be connected with the nut clamping mechanism 2 and the nut to move downwards along the UMT upper guide rail until the nut contacts the surface of the upper gasket of the annular pre-tightening force sensor 3. And (5) tightening the bolt at the lower part of the support frame 4 by using a digital display torque wrench 5, and recording a tightening torque value.
Parameters such as tightening torque, axial pretightening force, nut fixed end torque and the like can be measured through a digital display torque wrench, the UMT and the annular pretightening force sensor 5 data acquisition system.
Further, according to the relevant guidelines ISO 16047-.
Determining a torque coefficient K according to the relationship between the tightening torque and the axial pretension by using the following formula:
from the formula for the cleaman and klin tightening torque T, the following formula can be derived:
coefficient of total friction mutotAccording to the fastening torque and the axial pre-tightening forceIs expressed by an approximate formula as:
in the formula
Coefficient of thread friction muthAccording to the relationship between the thread torque and the axial pretightening force, the approximate formula is as follows:
coefficient of friction mu of bearing surfacebAccording to the relation between the torque of the bearing surface and the axial pretightening force, the approximate formula is as follows:
wherein, the friction torque of the bearing surface can be calculated by the fastening torque and the thread torque, and the formula is as follows:
Tb＝T-Tth
in the above formula, T is a tightening torque acting on the head of the bolt or the nut, TbIs the bearing surface friction torque, TthIs the friction torque of the thread, F is the axial pre-tightening force, d is the nominal diameter of the thread, P is the thread pitch, d2Is the pitch diameter of the thread, DbIs the effective diameter of the friction of the bearing surface, D0Is the outer diameter of the bearing surface, dhIs the bore in contact with the threads. The key friction coefficient (total friction coefficient mu) of the threaded fastener can be calculated by the formula and the measured datatotCoefficient of friction of screw thread muthCoefficient of friction with bearing surface mub) And a torque coefficient.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the measuring device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and can accurately measure and obtain each key friction coefficient and torque coefficient of the threaded fastener. The measuring device can ensure the coaxiality of threaded connection through the centering function of the upper working module and the lower working module of the UMT equipment. In addition, the groove design of the support frame ensures that the device has no limit on the material of the connecting piece, and the connecting pieces with different materials and different surface treatment modes can be replaced for measurement. The combination of bolts and gaskets with different specifications can be measured by replacing the nut clamping mechanism, so that the application range of the measuring device is enlarged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a device for measuring the coefficient of friction and the coefficient of torque of a threaded fastener.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the measuring device.
The device comprises a torque sensor 1, a nut clamping mechanism 2, a measured nut 3, a gasket 4, an annular pre-tightening force sensor 5, a connecting piece 6, a connecting piece 1, a connecting piece 7, a supporting frame 2, a supporting frame 8, a measured bolt 9 and a digital display torque wrench 10.
FIG. 3 shows a nut clamping mechanism
Fig. 4 is a support frame.
FIG. 5 is a digital torque wrench.
Detailed Description
The following description will be made of an embodiment of the present invention by taking a threaded fastener made of 8.8M 6-grade stainless steel plates for precision assembly as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As can be seen from the relevant fastener testing criteria:
the torque coefficient K can be determined from the relationship between the tightening torque and the axial pretension using the following formula:
coefficient of total friction mutotThe approximation formula can be expressed as:
coefficient of thread friction muthThe approximation formula can be expressed as:
coefficient of friction mu of bearing surfacebThe approximation formula can be expressed as:
wherein, the bearing surface friction torque: t isb＝T-Tth
Further, the test procedure comprises the following test steps:
step 1: the torque sensor 1 is attached to the upper working module of a friction wear tester (UMT).
Step 2: the nut clamp mechanism 2 is bolted to the torque sensor 1.
And step 3: the support frame 4 is fixed on a lower work table of a friction wear testing machine (UMT).
And 4, step 4: two connectors are placed in the square grooves of the support plates in the support frame 4.
And 5: the annular pretightening force sensor 3 is placed between the two connecting pieces and the nut, a 2mm gasket is placed on the pretightening force sensor 3, and meanwhile, a data acquisition line of the annular pretightening force sensor 3 is connected to a computer reading end.
Step 6: the M6 nut is clamped in the nut clamping mechanism 2 and fixed.
And 7: after all components and the test workpiece are fixed, starting the UMT to enable the torque sensor 1 to be connected with the nut clamping mechanism 2 and the nut to move downwards along the UMT upper guide rail until the nut contacts the surface of the upper gasket of the annular pre-tightening force sensor 3.
And 8: the M6 bolt is tightened by the digital display torque wrench 5 at the lower part of the support frame 4, and the tightening torque value is recorded.
And step 9: parameters such as tightening torque, axial pretightening force, nut fixed end torque and the like can be measured through a digital display torque wrench, the UMT and the annular pretightening force sensor 5 data acquisition system.
Step 10: the total friction coefficient mu can be calculated according to the formulatotCoefficient of friction of screw thread muthFriction system of bearing surfaceSeveral mubAnd a torque coefficient K.
In summary, the testing device and the measuring method of the invention can simply and effectively measure the required data, and can ensure the accuracy of the data. Under the condition of lacking a complex multi-kinetic energy bolt fastener testing system, each key friction coefficient and each torque coefficient of the threaded fastener can be accurately measured, and the method has important significance for the subsequent research on the relation between the tightening torque and the axial pretightening force.
The above-mentioned test example is only a preferred example of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and alterations may occur to those skilled in the art, but it is intended that all such modifications, improvements, and the like which fall within the spirit and scope of the present application be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. A measuring device for friction coefficient and torque coefficient of a threaded fastener is characterized in that:
the device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener consists of five components, namely a torque sensor (1), a nut clamping mechanism (2), an annular pre-tightening force sensor (3), a support frame (4) and a digital display torque wrench (5);
the torque sensor (1) is connected to an upper working module of the friction wear testing machine to realize vertical movement; the nut clamping mechanism (2) is connected to the torque sensor (1) through a bolt to fix a nut; the support frame (4) is fixed on a lower workbench of the friction wear testing machine and used for placing the connecting piece and the annular pretightening force sensor (3); the digital display torque wrench (5) is used for screwing a bolt on the lower part of the support frame; the measuring device can simultaneously measure the tightening torque, the axial pretightening force and the nut fixed end torque parameters, so that the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener are obtained.
2. The device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of a threaded fastener according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the tightening torque, the axial pretightening force and the torque at the fixed end of the nut are directly measured, and each key friction coefficient, namely the total friction coefficient mu is calculatedtotCoefficient of friction of screw thread muthCoefficient of friction with bearing surface mubAnd a torque coefficient.
3. The device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coaxiality of the threaded connection is ensured by the centering function of the upper and lower working modules of the UMT.
4. The device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove design of the support frame enables the device to measure the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener by replacing the threaded fastener with a different material and a different surface treatment mode without limiting the material of the threaded fastener.
5. The device for measuring the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of the threaded fastener is characterized in that the device can replace nut clamps with different specifications to measure bolt and gasket combinations with different sizes.
6. A method of testing the coefficient of friction and the coefficient of torque of a threaded fastener using the testing apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
connecting a torque sensor (1) to an upper working module of a friction wear testing machine;
connecting the nut clamping mechanism (2) to the torque sensor (1) through a bolt;
fixing a support frame (4) on a lower workbench of the friction wear testing machine;
placing the two connecting pieces in the square groove of the support plate in the support frame (4);
placing an annular pretightening force sensor (3) between the two connecting pieces and the nut, placing a gasket on the pretightening force sensor (3), and connecting a data acquisition line of the annular pretightening force sensor (3) to a computer reading end;
clamping the nut in a nut clamping mechanism (2) and fixing the nut;
after all components and the test workpiece are fixed, starting the UMT to enable the torque sensor (1) to be connected with the nut clamping mechanism (2) and the nut to move downwards along the UMT upper guide rail until the nut contacts the surface of the upper gasket of the annular pre-tightening force sensor (3); screwing a bolt on the lower part of the support frame (4) by using a digital display torque wrench (5), and recording a screwing torque value;
parameters such as tightening torque, axial pretightening force, nut fixed end torque and the like are measured through a digital display torque wrench (5), a UMT and an annular pretightening force sensor (3) data acquisition system, so that the total friction coefficient mu is calculatedtotCoefficient of friction of screw thread muthCoefficient of friction with bearing surface mubAnd a torque coefficient.
7. A method of testing the friction coefficient and the torque coefficient of a threaded fastener according to claim 6, wherein the torque coefficient K is calculated according to the following formula:
where K is the torque coefficient, T is the tightening torque acting on the bolt head or nut, F is the pre-tightening force, and d is the nominal diameter of the thread.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the threaded fastener has a total coefficient of friction μtotCalculated according to the following formula:
in the formula
。
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the threaded fastener is adapted to test for coefficient of friction and coefficient of torqueCoefficient of friction of grain muthCalculated according to the following formula:
10. the method of claim 6 wherein the coefficient of friction and the coefficient of torque of the bearing surface is μbCalculated according to the following formula:
wherein, the friction torque of the bearing surface is calculated by the fastening torque and the thread torque, and the formula is as follows:
Tb＝T-Tth
in the above formula, TbIs the bearing surface friction torque, TthIs the thread friction torque, P is the thread pitch, d2Is the pitch diameter of the thread, DbIs the effective diameter of the friction of the bearing surface, D0Is the outer diameter of the bearing surface, dhIs the bore in contact with the threads.
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| CN202010282696.7A CN111458123A (en) | 2020-04-12 | 2020-04-12 | Measuring device for friction coefficient and torque coefficient of threaded fastener |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112077584A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for assembling bolt connection of composite material component |
| CN112556915A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-26 | 济南纳克试验设备有限公司 | Bolt and nut connection pair comprehensive performance test device |
| CN113758864A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Thread friction coefficient detection device |
| CN113777027A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Device and method for evaluating adhesion performance of bolt and nut threads and surface coatings thereof |
| CN113804346A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-17 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Threaded connection tightening torque coefficient detection device |
| CN114993545A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 东方电气(德阳)电动机技术有限责任公司 | Device and method for measuring tightening torque and friction coefficient of high-strength bolt |
| CN115406571A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-29 | 安徽达因汽车空调有限公司 | Integrated testing method for fastening and suction friction torque of compressor sucker |
| CN116399798A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-07-07 | 上海达克罗涂复工业有限公司 | New energy automobile fastener friction coefficient tester and testing method |
| DE102022100378A1 (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2023-07-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Procedure for determining the coefficient of friction of a screw connection |
| CN116818306A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-29 | 长春仟邦测试设备有限公司 | Pipe joint torsion-pull relation and friction coefficient measuring method |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112077584A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for assembling bolt connection of composite material component |
| CN112556915A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-26 | 济南纳克试验设备有限公司 | Bolt and nut connection pair comprehensive performance test device |
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| CN113804346A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-17 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Threaded connection tightening torque coefficient detection device |
| CN113777027A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Device and method for evaluating adhesion performance of bolt and nut threads and surface coatings thereof |
| CN113758864A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Thread friction coefficient detection device |
| DE102022100378A1 (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2023-07-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Procedure for determining the coefficient of friction of a screw connection |
| CN114993545A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 东方电气(德阳)电动机技术有限责任公司 | Device and method for measuring tightening torque and friction coefficient of high-strength bolt |
| CN115406571A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-29 | 安徽达因汽车空调有限公司 | Integrated testing method for fastening and suction friction torque of compressor sucker |
| CN115406571B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-09-29 | 安徽达因汽车空调有限公司 | Integrated test method for fastening and sucking friction torque of compressor suction cup |
| CN116399798A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-07-07 | 上海达克罗涂复工业有限公司 | New energy automobile fastener friction coefficient tester and testing method |
| CN116399798B (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2024-03-19 | 上海达克罗涂复工业有限公司 | New energy automobile fastener friction coefficient tester and testing method |
| CN116818306A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-29 | 长春仟邦测试设备有限公司 | Pipe joint torsion-pull relation and friction coefficient measuring method |
| CN116818306B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2024-03-15 | 长春仟邦测试设备有限公司 | Pipe joint torsion-pull relation and friction coefficient measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20200728 |