RU2555104C1 - Method for detecting tooth loosening - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: method involves an impression procedure and making a dental model, in which a route of insertion of a future tray and a centre of the vestibular surface of the examined teeth is marked with a chemical pencil. The dental model is compressed with heated base plate wax 2 mm thick. A melting hot plate is used to cut down the wax from a base of the model with leaving the same on the teeth only. The prepared composition is reproduced in a silicone mass. The silicone copy is filled with plaster to produce a model. The produced model is used to make a tray of a rigid transparent plastic 4 mm thick. Through holes are created with a conical dental cutter having the parameters of a periotest probe through the transparent plastic which is guided by the marks in chemical pencil. Excessive plastic is cut off to the level of the transitory fold; the tray borders are smoothed. The tray is removed from the dental model, processed with disinfectants and mounted on the patient's denture. The periotest probe is fixed into the cone-shaped through holes of the tray at a distance of 2 mm. The measurements are taken with the use of the periotest with keeping the patient's medical records. That is followed by integrated treatment; thereafter, the repeated examinations of teeth loosening with the use of the existing tray at the various stages of treatment may be required.EFFECT: method enables providing the high accuracy of periotestometry in the patients, matching the obtained results of teeth loosening in the course of treatment.1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, and in particular to dentistry, and can be used to unify the degree of tooth mobility in patients with periodontal disease in the dynamics of treatment.

Methods for determining tooth mobility are based on the application of force to the tooth wall. Moreover, the methods for determining the degree of tooth mobility are diverse. Most often, to assess the degree of tooth displacement in the horizontal direction, the tooth displacement is recorded directly by linear measurements or by electronic devices by presenting the horizontal displacement in the form of a code or digital indication. At the same time, recording devices that implement the method are fixed directly to the tooth (the method implemented in the USSR AS No. 1111754, A61C 19/04, 10/07/84; the method implemented in the USSR AS No. 1648444, A61C 19/04 09/15/91).

A known method of determining tooth mobility by the amount of elasticity and viscosity of the tissues surrounding the tooth, the state of which affects its mobility. The method consists in applying a variable force to the tooth, providing reciprocating tooth vibrations. The recording device implementing the method is also fixed directly to the tooth. In the known method, the measurement of the amplitude of the tooth displacement is performed by separating two components of the tooth vibrations: in-phase variable force and shifted by 90 ° with respect to the variable force. The magnitude of these components judges the elastic and viscous characteristics of the tissues surrounding the tooth, affecting its mobility, and ascertain the degree of tooth mobility (RF patent No. 2065724, A61C 19/04, 08/27/1996).

A known method of determining tooth mobility by applying to the tooth a variable force that provides reciprocating vibrations and measuring the amplitude of tooth displacement (DE 4003947 A1, 08/14/1991).

In this method for determining tooth mobility, the tooth displacement amplitude is directly measured by applying a variable force, and the amplitude sensor corresponding to the viscoelastic characteristics of the tooth support-holding apparatus is recorded with a displacement sensor.

The closest is a method for determining the state of tooth-retaining tissues using periotestometry.

Periotestometry is an indirect assessment of the condition of the supporting tissues of the tooth, i.e. periodontal functionality using the Periotest device, the ability of periodontal tissues to return a tooth to its original position after a certain external load (functional or pathological) is applied to it is calculated. The physical principle of the device is to convert an electrical impulse into a mechanical one. The studied tooth is percussed by the striker of the tip directed horizontally and at right angles to the middle of the vestibular anatomical plane of the crown of the abutment tooth, at regular intervals with effort (I.Yu. Lebedenko et al. Functional and hardware methods of research in orthopedic dentistry. Study guide. - M .: Medical and Information Agency LLC, 2003. - S. 97-100).

To date, according to many authors, periotestometry is a fundamental method in determining the degree of tooth mobility, and in European countries it is mandatory and entered into the standard of admission for a dental patient.

However, this technique has drawbacks, the main of which is the inability to unify studies at various stages of treatment. This is primarily due to the presence of the "human factor". It is impossible to avoid the physiological tremor of the researcher’s hands, to control the accuracy of the place of influence of the sensor, and this should be the most convex part of the center of the vestibular surface of the tooth, the strict perpendicular ratio of the sensor of the device to the studied surface and the distance of the sensor from the surface of 2 mm.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the most accurate and unified determination of tooth mobility in patients with periodontal disease in the dynamics of treatment.

The technical result of the invention is the high accuracy of periotestometry in patients with periodontal disease, with the possibility of monitoring the comparison of the results of determining tooth mobility during treatment.

The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the fact that the method for determining tooth mobility consists in obtaining an impression with an alginate mass and making a gypsum model, on which the path of introducing the future mouthguard and the center of the vestibular surface of the teeth being examined are determined in a parallelometer, marking it with a chemical pencil, after which the gypsum model is crimped heated base wax with a thickness of 2 mm, then with a dental spatula, the wax is cut from the base of the model, leaving it only on the teeth, the resulting composition is duplicated with with a special silicone mass, a silicone duplicate is cast with gypsum and a model is obtained, according to the obtained model, the mouthguards are made of rigid transparent plastic 4 mm thick by vacuum thermal pressing, using transparent plastic, guided by the marks previously set with a chemical pencil, make through holes with a conical milling cutter, which has the parameters of the peri-test sensor , then excess plastic is cut to the level of the transitional fold, the mouthguard borders are smoothed, polished, the mouthguard is removed from the gypsum model, washed It is treated with disinfectant solutions, mounted on the patient’s dentition and alveolar bone, the periotest sensor is fixed in the cone through holes of the mouthguard, at a distance of 2 mm corresponding to the gap between the teeth being examined and the surface of the device, peri-test measurements are carried out, the data of which are recorded on the patient’s medical record, complex treatment of the patient is carried out, after which, repeated studies of tooth mobility are possible using the available mouthguard at different stages of treatment.

The gap between the mouthguard and the natural teeth provides physiological and pathological tooth mobility, the conical holes fix the sensor at a distance from the tooth surface programmed for the accuracy of the study, and the overall mouthguard eliminates the deformation of the structure and the error of the device displacement during the study. Kappa is intended for multiple use at the same points of application in a patient at different periods of treatment. The proposed method for determining tooth mobility allows for high precision periotestometry in patients with periodontal disease, as well as to monitor the success of treatment at all stages. A method for determining tooth mobility is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. one:

1. The dentition of the patient

2. Alveolar bone of the patient

3. Kappa

4. The gap between the examined teeth and the surface of the mouthguard

5. Cone through holes in the tray

6. The periotest sensor.

Kappa for implementing the method for determining tooth mobility is made as follows.

1. The clinic receives an impression of alginate mass and makes a plaster model.

2. On the plaster model in a parallelometer, the path of the introduction of the future mouthguard and the center of the vestibular surface of the studied teeth are determined, marking it with a chemical pencil.

3. The gypsum models are crimped with a heated base wax 2 mm thick.

4. With a dental spatula, the wax is cut off from the base of the model, leaving it only on the teeth.

5. The resulting composition is duplicated with a special silicone mass.

6. The silicone duplicate is cast with gypsum and a model is obtained.

7. According to the obtained model, the mouthguards are made of rigid transparent plastic with a thickness of 4 mm by vacuum thermal pressing (for example, in a Pro-Form device by Keystone industries USA).

8. Through transparent plastic, focusing on the marks previously installed with a chemical pencil, make through holes with a conical milling cutter having the parameters of the periotest sensor.

9. On the model, excess plastic is trimmed to the level of the transition fold, the mouthguard borders are smoothed, polished.

10. The resulting device for determining tooth mobility is removed from the gypsum model, washed, treated with disinfectant solutions, sterilized.

A method for determining tooth mobility in patients with periodontal disease is as follows.

1. Kappa (3) is installed on the dentition (1) and the patient’s alveolar bone (2).

2. A periotest sensor (6) is fixed in the conical through holes (5) of the tray (3), at a distance of 2 mm corresponding to the gap between the teeth being examined and the surface of the tray (4).

3. The periotest is turned on, measurements are taken, the data obtained are recorded in the patient’s medical record.

4. A comprehensive treatment of the patient.

5. Repeated studies of tooth mobility using existing mouthguards (3) at different stages of treatment.

6. Comparison of the data obtained, the formation of conclusions about the effectiveness of the treatment with subsequent correction of the treatment plan, if necessary.

Claims (1)

The method for determining tooth mobility consists in obtaining an impression with an alginate mass and making a gypsum model, on which the path of introducing the future mouthguard and the center of the vestibular surface of the teeth being examined are determined in a parallelometer, marking it with a chemical pencil, after which the gypsum model is pressed with a heated base wax 2 mm thick, then dental wax is cut off with a spatula from the base of the model, leaving it only on the teeth, the resulting composition is duplicated with a silicone mass, the silicone duplicate is poured with gypsum and They use the model, according to the model they make a mouthguard from rigid transparent plastic 4 mm thick by vacuum thermal pressing, through transparent plastic, focusing on the marks previously set with a chemical pencil, make through holes with a conical milling cutter having the parameters of the periotest sensor, then excess plastic is cut to the level of the transition fold , the boundaries of the mouthguard are smoothed, polished, the mouthguard is removed from the gypsum model, washed, treated with disinfectant solutions, mounted on the toothbrush the patient’s venom and alveolar bone, a peri-test sensor is fixed in the cone through holes of the mouthguard, at a distance of 2 mm corresponding to the gap between the teeth being examined and the surface of the device, measurements are made by the peri-test, the data of which are recorded in the patient’s medical record, a comprehensive treatment of the patient is carried out, and then repeated studies of tooth mobility using existing mouthguards at different stages of treatment.

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