RU2555010C2 - Method and installation for deep biochemical sewage water purification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for the purification of household sewage waters and sewage water of middle and small settlements and detached houses, close to them in composition. The method of the deep biochemical purification of sewage waters includes rough mechanical treatment in sand-traps, supply of the discharge into a sewage regulator-pre-aerator with a variable level (1) and processing with air oxygen with maximal active mixing, after which primary aeration and re-aeration are carried out in an aerotank with aerators and nitri-denitrifying zones (2, 3, 4, 5). Purified water is precipitated in a secondary setting tank (6) and supplied to a unit of after-purification on filters and further for additional purification water is passed through an electrostatic field, with passing recycled sludge through a magnetic field. After that, water passes through an installation of ultraviolet decontamination.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce dimensions and metal consumption of the installation, as well as energy consumption.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the treatment of wastewater and can be used for treatment of domestic wastewater and wastewater close to them in the composition of wastewater of medium and small settlements and detached houses and cottages.

A known method of deep biochemical wastewater treatment, including pre-treatment with ozone and sedimentation of wastewater, as well as after aeration with activated sludge and clarification in the secondary clarifier secondary treatment with ozone (see RF patent 2060967, publ. 27.05.1996).

However, the known method involves the use of reliable ozonizers with the implementation of safety requirements in connection with the toxicity of ozone in large doses.

The objective of the invention is to increase the degree of wastewater treatment and the intensification of the purification process, as well as the creation of an installation for deep biological treatment, inexpensive and laborious in operation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of deep biochemical wastewater treatment, including primary and repeated aeration, sedimentation, post-treatment on biofilters, the release of purified water and sludge, as well as recirculation of activated sludge, according to the invention, the initial effluent is treated with atmospheric oxygen with active stirring and averaged in quality and quantity.

After purification on biofilters, the wastewater is passed through an electrostatic field, and the sludge is sent for recycling. Next, recycled activated sludge is passed through a magnetic field.

The technical result is also achieved by using the installation for deep biochemical wastewater treatment, characterized in that it contains sand traps, averaging pre-aerator of variable level with active mixing, aeration tank with aerators and nitri-denitrifying zones with plastic loading, a secondary settling tank, a biofilter aftertreatment unit , pipelines for the release of treated wastewater and recycling activated sludge.

Moreover, the denitrification zone is created under the secondary sump.

In addition, the recycled sludge is treated with a magnetic field, and the drain after biofilters is treated with an electrostatic field, followed by disinfection with ultraviolet lamps.

From the patent of the Russian Federation 2126772, publ. 02/27/1999, and RF patent 2288893, publ. 12/10/2006, there are known installations for treating wastewater using the treatment of a stream of a liquid medium with a constant magnetic or electric field to increase the efficiency of water disinfection.

However, from the prior art there are no sources that are characterized by a combination of distinctive features of the proposed technical solution and ensure the achievement of the specified technical result, which allows us to conclude that there is an inventive step of the claimed invention.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the proposed installation for deep wastewater treatment.

Positions affixed to the drawing indicate:

Pos.1 - averager-preaerator with a variable level;

Pos. 2 - the first section of the aeration tank of a nitri-denitrifier with plastic loading;

pos.3 - the second section of the aeration tank;

Pos.4 - the third section of the aeration tank;

pos.5 - the fourth section of the aeration tank;

pos.6 - secondary sump;

POS.7 - post-treatment unit on the filters;

POS.8 - block technological equipment.

Installation for deep biochemical wastewater treatment when implementing the proposed method in it works as follows.

The initial wastewater is supplied, at a plant productivity of 100 m ³ / day or more, to sand traps and further to a pre-aerator with a variable level (1). It is the first stage of wastewater treatment and at the same time relieves peak loads at further stages of treatment.

Next, the waste fluid enters the first section of the aerotek (2), in which there is a plastic load. Nitri- and denitrification takes place here: a biofilm grows on a plastic load, which contributes to a greater oxidizing ability.

Next, the waste fluid enters the second section of the aeration tank (3), where nitrification and removal of contaminants by activated sludge takes place.

In the third section of the aeration tank (4), denitrification occurs.

In the fourth section of the aeration tank (5), nitri-denitrification occurs.

Next, the wastewater enters the secondary sump (6), and the sludge deposited in the cones by airlifts is fed into the aeration tank for recycling.

The purified water is fed for purification to a biofilter with a plastic charge with constant aeration, and then for purification by a sorbent (7).

Final cleaning occurs when water is passed through an electrostatic and magnetic field.

Next, the water enters the installation with an ultraviolet lamp and a clean water drain pipe located in the block of technological equipment (8).

Aeration in the averager with a variable level allows you to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen consumption (BOD), reduce the content of surface-active substances (surfactants), and the averager itself with a variable level allows you to reduce the uneven flow into the aeration tank. Aeration removes odors compared to anaerobic processes.

The presence of an averager in the installation itself, instead of the primary sedimentation tank, ensures more reliable operation of the secondary sedimentation tank, since the hydraulic load is equalized by pollution and quantity.

In order to facilitate maintenance, save money on the production of plants, instead of several blocks, it was proposed to make one container for aeration tanks, as well as eliminate all odors, since the anaerobic zone was placed in the lower part, under water. In fact, this is the channel under the secondary sump.

Aerators in the zones of nitrification and denitrification are made with the possibility of adjusting the air flow, and plastic loads increase the productivity of the installation due to the higher concentration of activated sludge.

The design of the aeration tank allows all denitrifiers to hide under water, which also removes harmful odors.

The design of the installation allows you to bring the concentration of sludge to 15 g / l, which dramatically increases the oxidizing power of the installation. Sludge from under the filters is sent to the averager, which leads to a decrease in the silt index.

Claims (4)

1. A method of deep biochemical wastewater treatment, characterized in that it includes rough mechanical treatment, primary and repeated aeration, sedimentation, post-treatment on biofilters, the release of purified water and sludge, as well as recirculation of activated sludge, while the initial effluent is treated with atmospheric oxygen with active mixing and averaged over the quality and quantity, and after tertiary treatment on biofilters, the wastewater is passed through an electrostatic field, and the sludge is sent for recycling. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the recycled sludge is passed through a magnetic field. 3. Installation for deep biochemical wastewater treatment, characterized in that it contains sand traps, averaging pre-aerator of variable level with active stirring, aeration tank with aerators and nitri-denitrifying zones with plastic loading, a secondary settling tank, a post-treatment unit for biofilters, piped exhaust pipes wastewater and activated sludge recycling, while the denitrification zone is created under the secondary sump, and the drain after biofilters is treated with an electrostatic field. 4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the recycled sludge is treated with a magnetic field.