RU195498U1 - SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: In installations for cleaning household wastewater and similar in composition industrial wastewater under anoxic and aerobic conditions from organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. SUBSTANCE: Installation contains a lattice container for collecting and removing litter and coarse impurities associated with an averager water flow, denitrifier, aeration tank with loading and bottom airlifts, sedimentation tanks, biofilter, biosorber, disinfectant, aerobic stabilizer, reagent dispensers associated with the biofilter, pipelines, pumps, an air duct with compressors, shut-off and control elements installed on the pipelines, while the sewage supply pipeline is connected through the grate container to the inlet of the water flow averager, and the purified water drainage pipe is connected to the disinfectant outlet, the aeration tank and the biofilter are provided with aeration from the air duct by means of the mentioned compressors , the water flow averager is made in two sections, while a sand trap is located in the first section of the said averager, and pumps are located in the second section A system for supplying the liquid to be cleaned to the denitrifier, and a partition with a bottom bypass is installed between the denitrifier and the aeration tank, the aeration tank is connected to a sump equipped with bottom and surface air lifts and connected via appropriate pipelines to an aerobic stabilizer and a biofilter equipped with an additional surface air lift connected through an intermediate tank with a biosorber, the output of which is connected to a disinfectant; the biofilter is made sectional, with each section of the biofilter contains a washing pump; an air throttle element is installed on the duct connected to the water flow averager. The installation also contains sludge dehydrators, one of which is associated with a sand trap, and the other with an aerobic stabilizer. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to installations for treating domestic wastewater and similar industrial wastewater in anoxic and aerobic conditions from organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, with tertiary treatment to discharge rates into a fishery pond and disinfection of purified water

A known installation for the treatment of wastewater (RF patent No. 29828, IPC C02F 3/30, published. 06/10/2003), containing a container in which are placed sequentially blocks: anaerobic bioreactor, aerobic bioreactor, sump, bioreactor tertiary treatment and disinfection chamber . The anaerobic bioreactor is made with a pyramidal bottom for collecting sludge and is equipped with a sludge removal pipe and a central septum that does not reach the bottom, forming a biosorption chamber, a tray with an adjustable weir and loading for attached microflora made of finely porous polymeric material, and a central septum located at the periphery, a biosorption chamber equipped in the lower part with an aerator and connected to the pipeline for supplying water for treatment. The aerobic bioreactor at the inlet is equipped with a directing, non-bottom septum and aerators. A sedimentation tank with a pyramidal bottom for collecting activated sludge is equipped with a directing septum that does not reach the bottom, an airlift with an activated sludge recirculation pipe connected to the biosorption chamber and an aerobic bioreactor, a block of thin-layer elements in the upper part. The tertiary treatment bioreactor is equipped with a flow-directing septum that does not reach the bottom, a loading for the attached microflora, aerators and is connected to a disinfection chamber, which is made in the form of a tray with one or more ultraviolet emitters located above it, and is connected to the pipeline for discharging purified and disinfected water. Aerators, biosorption chambers, anaerobic bioreactor, aerobic bioreactor and tertiary treatment bioreactor are connected to a pneumatic aeration system.

A disadvantage of the known installation is the low cleaning efficiency due to the lack of averaging of the daily unevenness of the flow of wastewater, which negatively affects the work of anaerobic and aerobic bioreactors, as well as the lack of post-treatment and dewatering of excess sludge.

Also known is a plant for treating household wastewater (RF patent No. 98997, IPC C02F 3/30, published on November 10, 2010), which includes: averaging of the runoff, three stages of treatment with aerobic microorganisms, a stage of denitrification by microorganisms, a sump, membrane cleaning, filtration and irradiation with UV radiation. After averaging, the treated effluent passes sequentially through two stages of aerobic microorganism treatment. Due to low loads, nitrifying cultures develop in the second nitrification step, oxidizing ammonium nitrogen to nitrite and then to nitrate. Denitrifying microorganisms develop in the depths of the loads with the biocenosis of microorganisms under conditions of oxygen deficiency; therefore, denitrification of the runoff begins in the second stage.

The disadvantages of this installation is the lack of aeration and mixing systems, as well as means for removing floating sludge and phosphates, which does not provide the necessary degree of wastewater treatment.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is a wastewater treatment plant (RF patent No. 81721, IPC C02F 3/12, published. 03/27/2009), containing a trellised container, a unit of hydrocyclones, a water flow averager, an anoxide reactor with loading , aeration tank with loading, clarifier with a suspended sediment layer, biofilter, biosorber, disinfectant, reagent dosing unit, pipelines, pumps, compressor, shut-off and control elements installed on pipelines, sewage supply pipeline connected to the input a water flow averager house, a purified water drain pipe connected to the disinfectant outlet, a trellis block and a block of hydrocyclones located in a water flow averager connected to an anoxide reactor and through an appropriate partition with an aeration tank, divided into two parts by a partition with a bottom bypass, while the aeration tank is connected by the pipeline passing through the dividing wall, with a clarifier, which is connected through a corresponding pipeline passing through the dividing wall, with bio a filter, connected in turn through a pipeline passing through an appropriate dividing wall, with a biosorber connected to a disinfectant, a reagent dosing unit is connected to a pipeline for supplying wastewater from the averager to the anoxide reactor, while the aeration tank and the biofilter are equipped with an aeration system containing a compressor, an outlet which is connected through appropriate pipelines with aerators. The anoxide reactor contains a fine bubble aerator, the clarifier is equipped with an airlift to return activated sludge to the anoxide reactor, the water flow averager is equipped with a hydraulic mixing system, and the biofilter, clarifier and anoxide reactor are equipped with a system for removing wash water and excess activated sludge.

The known device has insufficient cleaning efficiency due to insufficient aeration of the flow of the liquid being cleaned and due to the lack of the possibility of dehydration of excess sludge.

The technical result, which consists in increasing the cleaning efficiency by increasing the degree of aeration in several functional units of the device and ensuring dehydration of excess sludge, is achieved in a wastewater treatment plant containing a grate container for collecting and removing litter and coarse impurities associated with a water flow averager, denitrifier, aeration tank with loading and bottom airlifts, sedimentation tanks, biofilter, biosorber, disinfectant, aerobic stabilizer, reagent dispensers associated with bi filter, pipelines, pumps, air duct with compressors, shut-off and control elements installed on the pipelines, while the sewage supply pipe is connected through the grate container to the inlet of the water flow averager, and the purified water drainage pipe is connected to the outlet of the disinfectant, the aeration tank and the biofilter are provided aeration from the duct through the aforementioned compressors, in that the water flow averager is made of two sections, while sand is located in the first section of the averager ovka, and in the second section there are pumps for supplying the cleaned liquid to the denitrifier, and between the denitrifier and the aeration tank there is a partition with a bottom liquid bypass, the aeration tank is connected to a sump equipped with bottom and surface airlifts and connected via appropriate pipelines to an aerobic stabilizer and a biofilter, equipped additionally surface airlift connected through an intermediate tank with a biosorber, the output of which is connected to a disinfectant.

The specified technical result is also achieved by the fact that the biofilter is made sectional, and each section of which contains a flushing pump, and an air throttle element connected to the water flow averager is installed on the air duct.

In addition, the installation contains sludge dehydrators, one of which is connected with a sand trap, and the other with an aerobic stabilizer, and an air throttle element connected to the water flow averager is installed on the duct.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a functional diagram of the device.

The installation contains a trellised container 1 for collecting and removing litter and coarse impurities, connected with a homogenizer 2 of a water stream, consisting of sections 3 and 4, a denitrifier 5, aeration tank 6 with a load of 7, a settler 8, an aerobic stabilizer 9, a biofilter 10, a biosorber 11, disinfectant 12, reagent dispensers 13 associated with the biofilter 10, inlet pipe 14, outlet pipe 15, intermediate pipes 16-23, air duct 24 with air compressors 25, pumps 27-30, shut-off and control elements 31-41 installed on the pipelines 16 -22 and air the duct 24, throttle elements 42, 43 and airlifts 44 - 47 (in the drawing circled by a dashed line).

In the first section 3 of the averager 2 there is a sand trap 48 designed to remove sand that has passed from the trellised container 1.

In the second section 4 there are pumps 27 (working and standby) for supplying the cleaned fluid to the denitrifier 5 and the throttle elements 42.

Between the denitrifier 5 and the aeration tank 6 a partition 49 is installed, designed to provide a bottom liquid bypass.

The installation also contains an intermediate tank 50 for collecting purified hearth after filtration, sludge dehydrators 51 and 52, valves 53 installed at the outlet of air compressors 25, and an electromagnetic water flow meter 54 to account for the volume of water passed through the installation.

The pipeline 14 is connected through a trellised container 1 to the inlet of the averager 2 of the water flow, and the outlet pipe 15 of the purified water outlet is connected through a flow meter 54 and shut-off elements 41 to the outlet of the disinfectant 12.

The aeration tank 6 and the biofilter 10 are configured to provide aeration from the air duct 24 by means of air compressors 25 (primary and backup).

Averager 2, denitrifier 5, aeration tank 6 and aerobic stabilizer 9 are equipped with aeration systems from air compressors 25.

The aeration tank 6 is connected to the sump 8, connected through appropriate pipelines through an aerobic stabilizer 9 with a biofilter 10, connected through an intermediate tank 41 with a biosorber 11, the outlet of which is connected to a disinfectant 12.

Averager 2 is equipped with airlift 44, aeration tank with airlift 45, sump 8 with airlift 46, and biofilter 10 with a surface airlift 47.

Sectional biofilter 10 contains a floating load (shaded) and is equipped with washing pumps 28 for each section.

The biosorber 11 is equipped with a sorbent charge (shaded).

In the intermediate tank 50 there is a pump 30 for pumping water from the biofilter 10 to the biosorber 11.

The pump 29 is designed to drain the sludge from the aerobic stabilizer 9 through the pipe 21 to the dehydrator 52.

The throttle element 34 is installed on the air pipe 20 before entering the averager 2.

All tanks and installation units are interconnected by technological pipelines with shut-off and control valves and equipped with emergency overflows (not shown in the drawing).

Installation works as follows.

Wastewater treatment is carried out in the following sequence:

- removal of coarse particulate matter;

- averaging of wastewater received for treatment by composition and flow rate;

- biological wastewater treatment (anaerobic and two-stage aerobic processes, including sludge separation and removal of excess sludge from the system);

- wastewater treatment;

- disinfection of purified water.

Wastewater is piped 14 to a grate container 1, where coarse impurities with a particle size of more than 10 mm are collected and disposed of in municipal solid and industrial waste treatment sites.

After mechanical cleaning, the flow of purified water by gravity is directed to the first section 3 of the averager 2, where large fractions are collected and separated using a sand trap 48.

In averager 2, wastewater of various concentrations is mixed and unevenness is balanced.

In order to prevent the suspension of suspended solids and to mix wastewater, bubble bubbling with the use of medium-bubble aeration is provided. Large mineral impurities separated by the sand trap 48 with the help of an airlift 44 (the airlift is switched on and the capacity is adjusted by the corresponding locking element 31) are sent to a bag-type sludge dehydrator 51.

The liquid that separated during dehydration drains into the drainage tray, then into the drainage well (not shown in the drawing). The dehydrated sludge collected in bags is disposed of as solid waste.

From the first section 3 through the bottom overflow, the drain enters the second section 4 of the averager 2.

Then, by pumps 27, water is supplied through pipeline 16 to the denitrification 6, where it is subjected to biological treatment in an oxygen-depleted zone. The performance of the pumps 27 for supplying the drain to the denitrifier 5 is set by the throttle elements 42.

In the denitrifier 6, wastewater is mixed with activated sludge. It also has a built-in load 7 of the "Circuit" type for fixing immobilized sludge. Shaking the deposited sludge from the load 7 is carried out by briefly turning on the medium-bubble aeration by opening the shut-off elements 32 (usually once a month).

To maintain stable aeration, regardless of the level of wastewater in the averager 2, there is a throttle element 43 that controls the air flow.

As a result of mixing with the drain of recirculation water from the sump 8, rich in nitrogen oxides, denitrification and partial oxidation of easily oxidized organics begin to occur. The replenishment of microorganisms in the denitrifier 5 and the supply of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen occurs due to the pumping of airlifts 45, 46 of flooded activated sludge from aeration tank 6 and sump 8.

The aerated wastewater flows by gravity into the sump 8, where it is sedimented, during which the sludge in the sewer settles to the bottom. At the same time, the total water cut of the deposited sludge masses decreases from 99.6% to 98%.

Wastewater treatment in aeration tank 6 is carried out by the method of oxidation of organic pollutants under aerobic conditions (oxygen saturation occurs). Saturation of wastewater with oxygen is carried out by fine bubble aeration.

To ensure the necessary recycling, part of the purified water together with the precipitated sludge from the sump 8 is rerouted through the pipeline through the pipeline 46 to the denitrifier 4, where it is mixed with the water entering the denitrifier from the averager 2.

In the process of wastewater recycling, the purified water is saturated with atmospheric oxygen. In the process of biofiltration, the breakthroughs of activated sludge carried out from the sump 8 are removed and post-treatment is carried out.

The inclusion and adjustment of the performance of the airlift 46 is carried out by the corresponding shut-off and flow-regulating elements 32. Excess sludge from the sump 8 is removed through a pipe 18 to the aerobic stabilizer 9.

In the aerobic stabilizer 9, the sludge is subjected to intensive aeration, then the pump 29 is pumped through a pipe 21 to a dehydrator 52, in which the sludge is subjected to reagent treatment through a pipe 23 using an appropriate reagent dispenser 13.

Dehydrated sludge collected in bags is disposed of.

From the sump 8, the purified water flows through the pipe 17 to the biofilter 10, sections of which have a common super-filter space with filtering from top to bottom.

To remove phosphorus compounds from water, a reagent solution is introduced using dispensers 13. The decrease in orthophosphates during the reagent treatment occurs as a result of chemical interaction of the introduced reagent with PO ₄ ^3- ions. As a result of sorption, flakes of insoluble compounds of phosphorus and metal hydroxides are formed, which precipitate.

The washing of the sections of the biofilter 10 is carried out by pumps 28 in automatic mode during the hours of minimal flow (adjusted during commissioning). The volume of water in the superfilter space of the biofilter 10 provides sufficient washing sections.

Wash water is discharged through line 20 to averager 2.

After purification in biofilter 10, water flows by gravity into an intermediate tank 50 (purified water tank), from which it is fed by pump 30 to the biosorber 11 with a zeolite charge, which makes it possible to purify wastewater from dissolved impurities and ammonium nitrogen with a top-down filtration direction.

Thus, in biofilter 10 and biosorber 11, wastewater passes pressure-free filtration through layers of polystyrene foam and zeolite, respectively. During the filtration process, sludge and other suspended impurities present in small quantities after passing the sump 8 are removed from the wastewater.

Then the water flows by gravity into the disinfector 12, which uses ultraviolet radiation.

Purified and disinfected water under residual pressure enters through a flow meter 54 through a pipe 15 to the exit of the installation.

The order of preparation for work and the dosing of reagent solutions for dephosphation is as follows:

In the initial state, the dispenser tanks are not full, the pumps in the dispensers and mixers (not shown in the drawing) are turned off

In working condition, these containers are filled with water and reagent powder is poured into them, then the mixer is turned on. After dissolution of the reagent, the pumps of the dispenser 13 are turned on, supplying the reagent solution to the biofilter 10.

The advantage of the proposed installation in relation to the closest analogue is that airlift 46 is installed in the sump 8, which ensures the efficient collection and removal of floating sludge and does not allow negative impact on the operation of the treatment plant.

At the same time, to maintain stable aeration, an air throttle element 43 is installed on the air pipe 24, which restricts the air consumption for aeration of the averager 2 at a low level of drains, but sufficient to aerate the flow of wastewater at its maximum level in the averager. Additional airlift 47 for biofilter 10 saturates the water of the filter space with oxygen and accelerates the oxidation of residual contaminants and increases the intensity of biofiltration processes.

Thus, the proposed technical solution ensures the achievement of the above technical result - improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment, as well as the collection and disposal of dehydrated sludge.

The installation is made at a machine-building enterprise.

The design of the installation is a welded construction made of sheet steel, installed on a hard-coated platform with alignment in the horizontal plane with an allowable deviation of not more than 2 mm per meter in length and width.

Internal surfaces are protected by a corrosion-resistant coating.

Claims (4)

1. Installation for wastewater treatment, containing a lattice container for collecting and removing litter and coarse impurities, associated with a water flow averager, denitrifier, aeration tank with loading and bottom airlifts, sedimentation tanks, biofilter, biosorber, disinfectant, aerobic stabilizer, reagent dispensers, associated with a biofilter, pipelines, pumps, air duct with compressors, shut-off and control elements installed on the pipelines, while the sewage supply pipeline is connected through the grate container to the input of the device unit of water flow, and the purified water outlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the disinfectant, the aeration tank and the biofilter are designed to provide aeration from the air duct by means of the above-mentioned compressors, characterized in that the averager of the water flow is made of two sections, with a sand trap in the first section and the second the section contains pumps for supplying the liquid to be cleaned to the denitrifier, and between the denitrifier and the aeration tank there is a partition with a bottom liquid bypass, aeration tank n to a sump, equipped with a bottom surface and airlifts and connected via respective pipings stabilizer and aerobic biofilter equipped with airlift further surface associated with the container via an intermediate biosorberom whose output is connected to a decontaminating agent. 2. Installation for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that the biofilter is made sectional, with each section of the biofilter contains a washing pump. 3. Installation for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that an air throttle element connected to the averager of the water flow is installed on the duct. 4. Installation for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains sludge dehydrators, one of which is associated with a sand trap, and the other with an aerobic stabilizer.

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