RU47002U1 - INTEGRATED WASTE WATER TREATMENT FROM POLLUTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment and can be used to treat wastewater from pollution of small populated areas and separately located objects (rest houses, sanatoriums, cottage and shift villages, etc.). The objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability and controllability of the installation while reducing the cost of wastewater treatment and environmental pollution. A comprehensive installation for wastewater treatment from pollution, includes a tank divided by partitions into sections and compartments of multi-stage bioreactors, communication systems for supplying, distributing and discharging wastewater, recirculating sludge mixtures with airlifts, the capacity of treated wastewater, inlet and outlet of washing water, and air inlet from blowers, aerators, gas vents, sedimentation tanks for solid phase separation and a solid phase stabilization unit, equipped with an averager with a built-in primary sedimentation tank, in the corridors a bioreactor and at the first stage, leaky partitions are mounted, permeable to sewage and sludge, made mainly of mesh media, mounted on a fixed rod, movable in horizontal and vertical planes, and gas collection umbrellas connected through ejectors with air ducts and made over the averager, bioreactors and stabilizer by aerators, the post-treatment bioreactor has a three-layer loading, the last loading in the direction of the liquid movement contains silver ions, and reagent input pipelines These are connected to a pipeline for supplying initial wastewater for mechanical treatment and a pipeline for supplying water to a bioreactor for post-treatment.

Description

A comprehensive installation for wastewater treatment from pollution can be used to treat wastewater from pollution of small populated areas and separately located objects (rest houses, sanatoriums, cottage and shift villages, etc.).

A compact installation is known for deep biological wastewater treatment to fishery standards, including capacitive pretreatment facilities, biological reactors, allocation of overgrown biomass, aftertreatment and disinfection, water supply and drainage pipelines, solid phase circulation and air ducts, (see Yakovlev S.V., Voronov Yu.V. Wastewater and wastewater treatment / Textbook for high schools: - M .: ASV, 2002. - p.640-641).

The disadvantage of this installation (device) is the increased volume of capacitive structures for the treatment and disinfection of wastewater and the inability to quickly control the concentration of biomass in the cleaning process.

The closest in technical essence is the installation for biochemical wastewater treatment according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2183592 dated 05/24/1999 (7 C 03 F 3/02), which contains a tank divided by partitions into sections and compartments of multistage bioreactors consisting of a nitrifier, a denitrification unit and a post-treatment unit having, at the first stage, aeration tank sections with two corridors with leaky partitions, communication systems for supplying, distributing and discharging wastewater, recirculating sludge mixtures with airlifts, the capacity of treated wastewater, supply and removal of wash water, air supply from blowers, aerators, ejectors, gates, a fiber nozzle for fixing biomass, a device for preparing and introducing reagents into the purified water, settling tanks for separating the solid phase and the unit for stabilizing the solid phase.

However, this installation has several disadvantages, the main of which are:

- the lack of the ability to quickly control the concentration of biomass and, accordingly, the rate of removal of organic pollutants in the first stage, depending on the quality indicators of the original waste fluid;

- the need for additional space on the site of disinfection and galvanocoagulation;

- increased time spent in the zone of nitrification and denitrification, especially when there is an unbalanced influx of pollution concentration (BOD: N: P ≠ 100: 5: 1) of wastewater;

- increased material consumption of the installation due to increased volumes of individual containers, and, consequently, the cost of wastewater treatment;

- environmental pollution by water and solid phase products (carbon dioxide and methane).

The objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability and controllability of the installation while reducing the cost of wastewater treatment and environmental pollution.

The problem is solved as follows: a plant for biochemical wastewater treatment, including a tank divided by partitions into sections and compartments of multi-stage bioreactors, consisting of a nitrification, denitrification and after-treatment unit, having an aeration tank with two corridors with non-sealed partitions on the first stage of the section, communication systems for supplying , distribution and disposal of wastewater, recirculation of sludge mixtures by airlifts, capacity of treated wastewater, supply and removal of washing water, air supply from the blower OK, aerators, gas vents, ejectors, gates, a fiber nozzle for fixing biomass, a device for preparing and introducing reagents into the purified water, sedimentation tanks for isolating the solid phase and a unit for stabilizing the solid phase, it is additionally equipped with an averager with an integrated primary settler in the corridors of the bioreactor the first stage mounted leaks, permeable to sewage and sludge, made mainly of mesh media, mounted on a fixed rod, movable in horizontal and vertical planes, and gas collection umbrellas connected through ejectors with air ducts and aerators are made over the averager, bioreactors, and stabilizer assembly, the post-treatment bioreactor has a three-layer loading, the last loading containing silver ions in the direction of the liquid flow, and the reagent inlet pipelines are connected to the supply pipe source wastewater for mechanical treatment and a pipeline for supplying water to the bioreactor of tertiary treatment.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the figure, which presents its plan (figure 1).

Installation for biochemical wastewater treatment has a housing 1 and consists of a built-in primary sedimentation tank 2 in the averager - a regulator of the costs and concentrations of contaminants 3, denitrifier 4, the node of the stabilizer of the solid phase 5,

bioreactor of the first stage 6, with leaky partitions, movable in horizontal and vertical planes 7, mounted on a fixed rod 8, nitrification 9, secondary clarifier 10, bioreactor aftertreatment 11, wastewater treatment tank 12, gas collection umbrella 13, blower 14, ejector 15, sewage supply pipelines to the installation after the separation of garbage and sand 16, after averaging and cleaning in the primary sump 17, reagent input 18, exhaust gases from the umbrella 19, air ducts 20, gates on the air ducts 21, aerators 22, yes of treated and disinfected wastewater 23, airlifts 24, circulating 25 and excess biomass 26, water supply for flushing 27 and drainage of flushing water 28, leaky septum 29, dividing the first stage reactor into two corridors 30 and 31, sewage piping from the denitrifier into the bioreactor of the first stage 32, the wastewater distribution tray 33, the pre-mixed sludge tray 34, the sludge discharge pipe 35 into the nitrifier, the three-layer loading of the after-treatment bioreactor 36, the wastewater supply pipe for after-treatment 37, the pipeline and the effluent 38.

A comprehensive installation for wastewater treatment from pollution works as follows.

The wastewater freed from debris and sand flows through line 16 to the averager — a regulator of pollution costs and concentrations 3, which also receives wash water after regeneration of the bioreactor for wastewater treatment 11 through the wash water supply pipe 28. In the case of increased concentrations of pollutants in the pipe 16 through the reagent 18 introduces reagents in the form of a coagulant and / or flocculant. In this case, phosphorus, suspended and colloidal mineral and organic substances are released. From the averager - controller 3, the wastewater enters the built-in primary sump 2, after which it passes through the pipe 17 to the denitrifier 4, where, under mechanical stirring under anoxic conditions (mixer not shown), nitrates and nitrites are reduced to gaseous nitrogen and organic substances are oxidized to water and carbon dioxide. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere. Further, through the pipeline 32, the wastewater enters the bioreactor of the first stage 6. The bioreactor of the first stage 6 is divided by an untight partition 29 into two corridors 30 and 31, in which leak-tight partitions made mainly of net carriers which are permeable to sewage and sludge are mounted on fixed rods 8. 7, equipped with devices for moving them in horizontal and vertical planes. After cleaning floating and attached

biomass, sludge mixture through the collecting tray 34 through the pipeline 35 through the wastewater distribution tray 33 enters the nitrifier 9 with the attached biomass, in which aeration from the blowers 14 is carried out with carbon dioxide enriched air, taken through the ejector 15 from the gas exhaust pipe 19 from the gas collecting umbrella 13. From the tariffifier 9, the sludge mixture is sent to the secondary sump 10, from where, after separation into liquid and biomass via the sewage supply pipe for post-treatment 37, it enters the post-treatment bioreactor 11.

In the post-treatment bioreactor 11, water from the sewage supply pipe to the post-treatment 37 is poured out, aerated and saturated with oxygen; three loading layers 36 pass sequentially: the first loading layer from the hard ruffs along the liquid, the second layer of granular loading, mainly from anthracite, the third layer granular load containing silver ions, and then collected and discharged through the pipeline of treated wastewater 43 into the tank of treated wastewater 12, from where through the pipeline 23 is discharged.

To increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment from phosphates, biomass particles and organic substances, a coagulant is introduced into the wastewater treatment after-treatment bioreactor 11 into the wastewater supply pipe for after-treatment 37 through line 18. The regeneration of the bioreactor loading of the post-treatment is carried out by the reverse flow of water taken by the pumps from the treated wastewater tank 12, supplied through the water supply pipe to the washing 27 and discharged through the washing water pipe 28 to the averager - controller 3.

Sludge from the primary settling tanks and excess activated sludge by airlifts are pumped to the stabilizer unit of the solid phase 5, from where, after stabilization, it is sent for further processing (not shown in Fig. 1).

The wastewater purified in the integrated installation meets the quality standards for discharge into fishery reservoirs (table), while the following advantages are achieved in comparison with the prototype:

- reduced residence time of wastewater in capacities by 25 - 30%, which adequately reduces the cost of treatment;

- reduced concentration of carbon dioxide in gas emissions into the environment;

- do not use disinfectants to disinfect purified water, accompanied by the formation of toxic products;

- increased efficiency in managing the wastewater treatment process by regulating the concentration of biomass and hydrodynamics of flows in the first stage bioreactor.

Table
Comparative technical and economic indicators of the base and proposed installation No. p / p The name of indicators unit of measurement Basic setting Suggested installation 1 Capital construction costs conventional unit 1 0.8 2 Operating costs conventional unit 1 0.8 3 Time needed to change technological hour 4 3 parameters: 8 5 - oxidation of organic substances 2 0.5 - nitrification 6 0.5 - flow hydrodynamics 0.5 0.1 - biomass concentration in the first stage of the bioreactor - disinfection 4 Content of ingredients in treated wastewater mg / l Compliance with regulations for admission to fisheries Compliance with regulations for admission to fisheries

A decrease in the residence time of wastewater in the treatment bioreactors was achieved by providing microorganisms of the autotrophs with an additional amount of mineral carbon in the form of carbon dioxide collected by gas collection umbrellas during the destruction of organic substances to final forms (H ₂ O + CO ₂ ). (As you know, nitrification refers to slowly growing microorganisms). Regulation of the area of the mesh media in the vertical and horizontal planes by appropriate movement allows you to quickly change the concentration of the attached and free-floating biomass, as well as "shaking" allows you to regenerate the canvas. In addition, by regulating the relative position of the mesh carriers in the corridors of the bioreactor, full utilization of the volume of the structure is achieved.

Claims (1)

A comprehensive installation for wastewater treatment from pollution, including a tank divided by partitions into sections and compartments of multi-stage bioreactors, consisting of a nitrifier, denitrifier and a post-treatment unit, which have an aeration tank with two corridors with leaky partitions, communication systems for supply, distribution and sewage, inlet and outlet of washing water, recirculation of sludge mixtures by airlifts, the capacity of treated wastewater, air supply from blowers, aerators, ha a call, ejectors, gates, a fiber nozzle for fixing biomass, a device for preparing and introducing reagents into the purified water, settling tanks for isolating the solid phase and a unit for stabilizing the solid phase, it is additionally equipped with an averager with a built-in primary settler; in the corridors of the first stage bioreactor, leaky partitions are mounted permeable to wastewater and sludge, made mainly of mesh media, mounted on a fixed rod, movable in horizontal and vertical gas planes, connected through ejectors with air ducts and aerators, the aftertreatment bioreactor has a three-layer loading, the last loading along the course of the fluid contains silver ions, and the reagent inlet pipelines are connected to the feed sewage supply pipe water for mechanical treatment and a pipeline for supplying water to the bioreactor tertiary treatment.