RU2549600C1 - Spring by kochetov - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: spring comprises a casing made from a spiral hollow resilient steel tube. An additional resilient steel tube is installed inside the casing coaxially with a gap. A friction element is placed in the gap between the tubes and is made from polyethylene having higher thermal expansion coefficient as compared to steel. The surfaces of the casing and the additional resilient steel tube touch the surfaces of the friction elements. A screw solid resilient pin is set coaxially to the casing. The Friction elements are tubular, in the form of granulated fill from polyethylene with vibration damping material granules included.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of vibration isolation in a resonance mode.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used for vibration isolation of technological equipment, including looms.

It is known the use of spring elastic elements for vibration isolation of technological equipment in the textile industry [1, 2, 3, 4]. The calculations show the high efficiency of spring elastic elements in vibration isolation systems, while tests in real factory conditions confirm their effectiveness with high reliability and ease of maintenance.

However, a significant height of the springs is required to reduce low-frequency vibrations.

It is known to use spring vibration isolators [5, 6] with a pendulum suspension, which use a suspension type vibration isolation system with a spring elastic element.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators with a pendulum suspension is their large height dimension, since they belong to the category of suspended vibration isolation systems, where the overall dimensions are not limited in height, and relatively small dimensions in height are required for supporting vibration protection systems.

Known spring vibration isolator with dry friction [7], containing a spring, housing and dry friction damper, the housing is made in the form of a hollow vertical strut interacting with a T-shaped platform, elastically connected with the dry friction damper, made in the form of a sleeve, the inner surface of which spring-loaded friction elements interact with the outer surface of the rack, and on its outer surface a spring is fixed, resting on the base of the rack, and between the interacting surfaces of the sleeve and the rack en the buffer restriction member.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators is the relatively low reliability in the resonant mode due to wear of the dry friction damper, which somewhat reduces the efficiency of vibration protection.

It is known the use of spring elements in vibration isolators [8], containing a housing that is made in the form of upper and lower rectangular plates, between which screw elastic elements of different stiffness are placed so that they form a closed loop around the perimeter of the lower plate, and screw elastic elements are made in the form a package consisting of coil springs of different stiffness and height.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators is the ability to block screw elastic elements in packages, which can somewhat change their overall stiffness, and therefore the effectiveness of vibration protection.

It is known to use spring elements in vibration isolators [9] with a variable damping structure, comprising a housing with a rod and piston placed in it, and a vibration-insulated mass held by springs fixed to the rod end, and a dry friction damper made in the form of a friction sleeve with restrictive stops at the ends, the force of pressing the friction elements to the sleeve is carried out through the adjusting screws that are connected to the actuating servo motor, and the signal to turn on the servo motor comes from the micro otsessora that controls dry friction damper according to a predetermined characteristic and associated with the vibration acceleration sensor.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators is the high cost of the vibration protection system, which is not always justified because of their effectiveness of vibration protection.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a spring vibration isolator with a pendulum suspension according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2269699 [10] (prototype), containing a helical coil spring, the lower end of which rests on the upper flange of the housing and interacting with the pendulum mechanism, which is made in the form of a threaded rod with nuts at the ends and supporting washers resting on rubber elastic elements acting as an elastic hinge, the upper rubber elastic element being located between the upper flange ruzyne and support washer and the lower - between the bearing washer and plate, which is attached vibroizoliruemoe equipment.

A disadvantage of the known device is the relatively low efficiency at resonance due to the absence of vibration damping.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of vibration isolation in a resonant mode.

This is achieved by the fact that in a spring containing a housing made of a helical, hollow, and elastic steel tube, inside of which at least one additional elastic steel tube is mounted coaxially and axisymmetrically with a gap, and at least at least one gap between the tubes , one friction element, for example, of polyethylene, which has a high coefficient of thermal expansion compared to steel, while the surfaces of the housing and the additional elastic steel tube are in contact with the surfaces of the friction by the elements, and their axis coincides with the axis of the body turns, and centrally, coaxially with the housing and axially located screw elastic rod made continuous, the friction elements are tubular, for example of polyethylene.

The drawing shows a diagram of a spring, a frontal section.

The spring for vibration isolators comprises a housing 1 made of a helical, hollow, and elastic steel tube, inside of which at least one additional elastic steel tube 3 is mounted coaxially and axisymmetrically with a gap, and at least one is located in the gaps between the tubes friction element 2, for example, of polyethylene having a high coefficient of thermal expansion compared to steel. The surfaces of the housing 1, the additional elastic steel tube 3 are in contact with the surfaces of the friction elements 2 and 4, and their axis coincides with the axis of the turns of the housing. Centrally, coaxially and axisymmetrically to the housing 1, there is a screw elastic rod 5, which can be made in the same way as the housing, and additional elastic steel tubes are hollow, as shown in the drawing, or solid (not shown in the drawing). Friction elements 2 and 4 can be made tubular, as shown in the drawing, while having either a continuous structure, for example of polyethylene, as element 4, or combined, as element 2, for example, of polyethylene interspersed with granules of vibration-damping material. A variant is possible when the friction element is made in the form of a granular backfill from vibration damping material (not shown in the drawing). A variant is possible when the helical elastic rod 5 is made in the form of a helical spring with a step less by 5-10% of the helix of the housing 1, to create an interference fit that provides the functional purpose of the friction elements 2 and 4.

The spring for spring vibration isolators works as follows.

At low vibration amplitudes, when large attenuation is undesirable, the dissipated energy due to dry friction between the steel tube and the friction element will be small. At large amplitudes of vibrations, especially at resonances, damping increases due to the relative movement of steel tubes and the friction element. During long-term operation of the spring shock absorber with large amplitudes, the attenuation increases, since the friction element expands in a closed volume several times more than steel when the temperature rises, thereby increasing the pressure on the walls of the steel tubes, as a result of which dry friction increases and oscillations quickly stop .

Thus, due to its selective properties, the spring provides effective spatial vibration isolation of equipment in all six directions of vibration (along three axes X. U, Z and rotary vibrations around these axes) with vibration damping at resonance and under various operating conditions.

Sources of Bibliography

1. Kochetov OS, Sazhin B.S. Decrease in noise and vibrations in production: theory, calculation, technical solutions. M .: MSTU im. A.N. Kosygina, 2001 .-- 319 p.: P. 120, fig. 5.6; p. 287, fig. P.Y.15.

2. Kochetov O.S. Textile vibroacoustics. Textbook for universities. M .: MSTU im. A.N. Kosygina, “Sovezh Bevo” group 2003. - 191 p.: P. 59, fig. 3.1; p. 61, Fig. 3.4a; fig.3.5.

3. Kochetov OS Vibration isolators of the type "VSK-1" for looms // Textile industry-2000, No. 5. S. 19 ... 20.

4. Kochetov O.S. Calculation of the spatial system of vibration protection. The journal "Occupational Safety in Industry", No. 8, 2009, pp. 32-37.

5. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova TD, Shesterninov A.V. Spring vibration isolator with pendulum suspension // Patent for invention No. 2279589. Published on July 10th, 2006. Bulletin of inventions No. 19.

6. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova TD, Shesterninov A.V. Vibration isolating system // Patent for invention No. 2279586. Published on July 10th, 2006. Bulletin of inventions No. 19.

7. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D., Shesterninov A.V., Stareev M.E. Spring vibration isolator with dry friction // Patent for invention No. 2282075. Posted on 08/20/06. Bulletin of inventions No. 23.

8. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova TD, Shesterninov A.V. Vibration-proof pad // Patent for invention No. 2277650. Published on June 10th, 2006. Bulletin of inventions No. 16.

9. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Shesterninov A.V., Zubova I.Yu. Vibration isolator with variable damping structure // Patent for invention No. 2303722. Posted on 07/27/07. Bulletin of inventions No. 21.

10. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D. Vibration isolator with pendulum suspension // Patent for invention No. 2269699. Posted on 02/10/06. Bulletin of inventions No. 4.

Claims (2)

1. A spring comprising a housing made of a hollow and hollow elastic steel tube, inside of which at least one additional elastic steel tube is coaxially and axisymmetrically installed with a gap, and at least one friction element is located in the gaps between the tubes, for example, polyethylene having a high coefficient of thermal expansion compared to steel, while the surfaces of the housing and the additional elastic steel tube are in contact with the surfaces of the friction elements, and their axis flow with the axis of the turns of the body, and a screw elastic rod is made centrally coaxially and axisymmetrically to the body, made solid, and the friction elements are made tubular, for example of polyethylene, while the friction element is made in the form of a granular backfill from vibration-damping material, characterized in that the friction element is made combined, for example, polyethylene interspersed with granules of vibration damping material. 2. The spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the helical elastic rod is made in the form of a helical spring with a step less by 5 ÷ 10% of the step of the helical line of the housing, to create an interference fit for the functional purpose of the friction elements.