RU2548439C1 - Preformed packing for heat-and-mass exchange devices, mainly bioreaction ones - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: preformed packing for heat-and-mass exchange devices, mainly bioreaction ones, consists of a grid in the form of a coil section, is distinguished for the fact that the coil sections, at least two ones, are installed alternately depending on the coil winding density, the grid coil is of rectangular cross section and the distance between the turns is equal to from 2 to 20 thicknesses of the grid wall, a high-porous polymer gasket is installed inside the coil to form a biofilm.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of heat-and-mass exchange processes.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical engineering and can be used for gas purification, air deodorization, as well as for the implementation of heat and mass transfer processes in the chemical industry.

The prior art nozzle for mass transfer apparatus (RU 117317 U1, B01J 19/32 from 02.27.2012) containing a wire or polymer monofilament, fixing elements in the form of bolts mounted uniformly around the circumference of perforated disks in the wire or polymer monofilaments and fixed at the ends drives.

The disadvantage of such a nozzle for the mass transfer apparatus is its high hydraulic resistance, and also the structure of the nozzle does not allow complete wetting, there remain dry zones in which gas leakages are possible, as well as low mass transfer efficiency.

Closest to the proposed invention relates to a regular mesh nozzle Panchenkova G.M. for mass transfer devices (SU 827136 from 05/07/1981), which we have adopted as a prototype and consists of a grid connected by the "cooking surface" method, in the form of a spiral block.

The disadvantages of this design include a satisfactory distribution of fluid over the nozzle section, which is ensured only with a column diameter of up to 0.3 m, which narrows the scope of the invention. In larger industrial columns, installation of special liquid distributors is required.

In addition, there is no lateral redistribution of fluid in the nozzle, which reduces the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes.

A significant design flaw is that the material of the nozzle made of steel is not suitable for carrying out biological gas purification processes.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of biological gas purification while at the same time low hydraulic resistance of the nozzle.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the regular nozzle for the implementation of heat and mass transfer processes in the apparatus consists of a grid in the form of a spiral block, according to the invention, at least two spiral blocks are installed alternately depending on the density of the spiral winding, while the mesh spiral is made with a rectangular cross-section and a distance between the turns of the spiral of the grid of the block, equal to from 2 to 20 thicknesses of the wall of the grid, and inside the spiral there is a polymer gasket with high porosity for the formation of a biofilm.

In addition, the differences also lie in the fact that the spiral mesh of the block is made of dacron monofilaments, the polymer gasket is made in the form of a randomly arranged threadlike structure, and the upper block is made with a higher density of spiral winding than the lower one.

The technical result that can be obtained using this invention:

- an increase in the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes by 8-12% relative to similar known contact devices due to the presence of a filamentous structure of the gasket with high porosity, which is extremely necessary for the formation of a biofilm;

- ensuring the uniform distribution and transportation of fluid and nutrient solution throughout the volume of the nozzle due to the properties of the mesh material, while the hydraulic resistance of the nozzle in the entire tested load range at a gas speed of up to 1 m / s did not exceed 600 Pa per linear meter;

- increasing the efficiency of the process through the use of the entire surface of the nozzle due to the distance between the turns of the spiral, equal to from 2 to 20 thicknesses of the wall of the spiral, and the different density of the winding of the spiral in the lower and upper blocks of the nozzle, which do not leave dry zones leading to gas breakthroughs.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - general view of the nozzle:

in FIG. 2 - section of one nozzle block;

in FIG. 3 - mutual arrangement of nozzle blocks with different density of spiral winding.

The regular nozzle consists of a mesh 1 made in the form of a spiral block with a rectangular cross section, a porous polymer gasket 2 is laid inside the spiral in the form of a randomly arranged threadlike structure.

The distance between the turns of the spiral of the mesh 1 is from 2 to 20 wall thicknesses of the mesh 1, while the wall thickness of the mesh is 2-4 mm. The upper block of the nozzle is made with a higher density of winding of the spiral than the bottom, for uniform distribution of fluid throughout the volume of the nozzle.

The proposed device operates as follows.

Microorganisms are immobilized on the surface of the mesh 1 and the porous polymer pad 2 of the regular nozzle. Forward gas is supplied with purified gas and irrigation water with nutrients, periodic irrigation. Microorganisms, forming a biofilm on the grid 1 and the porous polymer pad 2, absorb pollutants contained in the gas phase, turning them into final products - carbon dioxide and water.

The presence of a range in the distance between the turns from 2 to 20 thicknesses of the spiral wall solves two technical problems:

1. When using several blocks (cartridges) of the nozzle, the irrigation solution is evenly distributed and gas is distributed in the nozzle layer, which increases the cleaning efficiency, for example, if the apparatus is 2 meters or more high. In this case, the first block (counting from the top of the apparatus) has a distance between the turns 2 of the thickness, the next 6, the next 14, the next 20, then again the nozzle block with the distance between the turns 2, then 6, and so on until the required height of the nozzle layer is reached. Or any other rotation within the given limits. In such an alternation of blocks at an apparatus height of more than 2 meters, the gas and liquid phases are redistributed due to the design of the nozzle itself, without the use of switchgears, which are necessary in devices where other nozzles are used, including nozzles taken as a prototype.

2. Due to the increase in the distance between the turns, an increase in the efficiency of the nozzle is observed, since the specific surface of the nozzle increases (due to an increase in the bulk density of the polyamide material), but the hydraulic resistance of the nozzle increases. That is, depending on the operating conditions of the installation (blower power, maximum pressure loss in the ventilation system into which the unit with the nozzle will be installed), you can select the optimal operating mode.

Below are tables 1 and 2 of the removal efficiency of various substances depending on the values of the distance between the turns of the spiral.

Using the proposed regular packing in the national economy will allow us to bring the efficiency of the process of biological purification of gas from volatile organic compounds in tobacco, waste processing plants, as well as paint and varnish and other workshops of various industries to 99% without additional energy costs to overcome the hydraulic resistance of a regular packing.

Claims (4)

1. A regular nozzle for heat and mass transfer apparatuses, mainly bioreactive, consisting of a grid in the form of a spiral block, characterized in that the spiral blocks, at least two, are installed alternating depending on the density of the spiral winding, while the spiral mesh is made with a rectangular the cross section and the distance between the coils of the spiral, equal to from 2 to 20 thicknesses of the wall of the mesh, and inside the spiral there is a polymer gasket with high porosity for the formation of a biofilm. 2. The regular nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh of the spiral of the block is made of dacron monofilaments. 3. The regular nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer gasket inside the spiral is made in the form of a randomly arranged threadlike structure. 4. The regular nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper block is made with a higher density of spiral winding than the lower one.

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