RU2548359C1 - Depressor additive to diesel fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: depressor additive to Diesel fuel includes residual products of oil refining. The additive contains the product of oxidation of heavy pyrolysis resin and alkylaromatic hydrocarbons with the following reagent ratio (wt %): oxidised heavy pyrolysis resin 30-38, alkylaromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene) 62-70.

EFFECT: reduction of the Diesel fuel congelation temperature due to the introduction of the claimed additive into the fuel.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of oil refining and petrochemicals, and in particular to compositions of a depressant additive and diesel fuel containing this additive.

Known multifunctional additives for diesel fuel containing a copolymer of higher esters of C ₈ -C ₂₄ acrylic or methacrylic acid with ethylenically unsaturated monomers (up to 90 wt.%); alkaline earth metal sulfonate (not more than 10 wt.%); alkyl nitrate, where C ₃ -C ₁₈ alkyl is 1-30 wt.%; a copolymer of ethylene with α-olefins of molecular weight 1000-20000 else [RF Patent No. 2119528. IPC ⁶ C10L 1/18, C10L 1/22. Publ. 09/27/1998.]. Disadvantage: the depressant additive is a complex mixture, for which expensive monomers are used.

Also known depressant additives for diesel fuels based on copolymers of ethylene with propylene (5-35 wt.%) In combination with a fraction of α-olefins C ₂₀ -C ₂₆ (65-95 wt.%) [RF Patent No. 2311444. IPC (2006.01) C10L 1/16. Publ. 11/27/2007.]. Disadvantage: the solubility of the copolymers is not good enough, causing the need for additional ultrasonic exposure or the introduction of surfactants.

Closest to the proposed depressant additive is an additive based on residual oil products containing asphalt-resinous substances with significant depressant effect [Zagidullin P.M. et al. Investigation of the depressant properties of some residues of oil refining // Oil Refining and Petrochemicals. - 1979. - No. 5. - S.9-12.]. Residues studied: the remainder of the pyrolysis resin (boiling points above 200 ° C), bitumen, tars, cracking residues have various depressant effects, approaching synthetic depressant additives. Disadvantage: to obtain the effect (lower pour point), you need to enter 1-3% of the additive. At the same time, the depressant effect of the closest additive - the remainder of the pyrolysis resin - is low and amounts to 3-4 ° C.

The task of the invention is to obtain a depressant additive to diesel fuel with improved characteristics, expanding their range.

The problem is achieved in that the depressant additive includes the oxidation product of a heavy pyrolysis resin and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons in the following ratio of reactants, wt.%:

oxidized heavy pyrolysis resin 30-38 aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene)  62-70

The technical result - lowering the pour point - is achieved by introducing the proposed additive in diesel fuel in an amount of 0.020-0.035 wt.%.

The heavy pyrolysis resin was oxidized with air (40 h ^-1 ) at a temperature of 160-180 ° C for 3-4 hours in the presence of 0.01 wt.% Co and Mn metal salts, taken in a 2: 1 ratio (wt. Metal fraction ) in accordance with [RF Patent No. 2158276. IPC ⁷ C08F 240/00. Publ. 10.27.2000.]. The oxidation product is a solid, dark brown or black with softening temperatures ring-and-ball 85-105 ° C, a density of 0.9-1.1 g / cm ^3, an iodine number of 44-48 g I _2/100 g , characterized by the following elemental composition: C - 90.37-90.43%; H 7.12-7.32; O - 2.31-2.45.

The use of oxidized heavy pyrolysis resin allows you to:

1) to exclude the use of synthetic additives based on expensive monomers;

2) to exclude additional processes upon receipt of the additive (for example, ultrasonic treatment when the components of the additive are dissolved);

3) use residual refined products;

4) increase the range of depressant additives for diesel fuel.

Samples of depressant additives were prepared as follows: the calculated amount of oxidized heavy pyrolysis resin was dissolved in an aromatic hydrocarbon at a temperature of 20 ° C.

The pour point (T _s ) of diesel fuel was determined according to GOST 20287-91. Characteristics of diesel fuel at an additive concentration of 0.025 wt.% Of different composition (samples 2-5) and at different additive concentrations of the same composition (samples 6-12) are given in the table.

Thus, analyzing the data presented in the table, we can conclude that the use of the proposed depressant additives to diesel fuel can reduce the amount of added additives by 40-60 times and significantly lower the pour point of diesel fuel.

Claims (1)

A depressant additive for diesel fuel, including residual oil products, characterized in that the additive contains an oxidation product of a heavy pyrolysis resin and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons in the following ratio of reactants, wt.%:
oxidized heavy pyrolysis resin 30-38 alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene) 62-70