RU2544909C1 - Boat with keels composed of walking wheel units - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: this boat comprises hull, three keels composed of wheel units. Tow keels are locates at boat aft in symmetry about its lengthwise axis while third keel is arranged at boat lengthwise axis centre. Wheel unit comprises three wheels secured in cantilever regularly and in symmetry about rotational axis to run along the boat lengthwise axis. They feature equal size and different weight. Two of said three wheels have maximum and minimum weight while third one features average magnitude of both.

EFFECT: ease of motion on ground, higher speed in shallow water, better heading stability.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to swimming means - boats equipped with keels, as well as to boats equipped with means to enable their movement on land.

A known boat made with the possibility of transporting it by land (RU 2182097 C1, 05/10/2002, B63C 13/00), which includes a hull containing a transom frame, to which are attached two brackets, which are coupled with the possibility of rotation relative to the horizontal axes of the rack, on which wheels are installed for transporting the boat by land, the racks are equipped with cylindrical stops, and saddles are made on the brackets in the upper and lower parts, in which the cylindrical stops are placed when the racks are fixed in extreme positions, while in the racks longitudinal slots are made, and cylindrical stops are placed with the possibility of linear movement in the longitudinal slots of the uprights and spring-loaded. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity and inconvenience of moving the wheels from the position for transporting the boat by land to the position for its movement by water. In addition, it should be noted that in this design of the boat there are no design features aimed at increasing the directional stability of the boat, as well as at ensuring the interaction of the wheels with the terrain on which the boat is transported.

In the prior art, a structural solution is known that is used in walking vehicles, in particular in amphibians, which allows you to interact with the surface on which the movement is carried out and to overcome during movement minor irregularities of this surface, which is a wheel unit consisting of three wheels fixed uniformly and symmetrically about its axis of rotation (JP 11-217001 A1, 08/10/1999, B60B 19/00, B62D 57/02). This technical solution does not solve the problem of improving the swimming characteristics of the boat, in particular, course stability when moving amphibians on water.

The closest analogue of the invention is the boat disclosed in patent US 4920909 A1, 05/01/1990, B63C 13/00, containing the hull and two keels located in the recesses of the bottom of the hull, protruding relative to the bottom of the hull, oriented vertically along the direction of movement of the boat and made in the form wheels that are mounted for rotation. The technical result of the invention is to facilitate the movement of the boat on land, to reduce the resistance to movement of the boat through the water and increase the speed of the boat in the water, to provide additional directional stability and hydrodynamic balancing of the boat when moving on water, to reduce the risk of damage to the bottom of the boat in shallow water in a collision with the bottom of the pond . This design of the boat does not provide design features aimed at ensuring the interaction of wheels with a complex terrain, on which the boat is transported. As a result, the disadvantage of this technical solution is the impossibility of overcoming minor irregularities both at the bottom of the reservoir and on land.

The technical result of the invention:

- facilitating the movement of the boat on land (including land with complex terrain);

- providing an increase in the speed of the boat on the water (especially in shallow water);

- ensuring high maneuverability of the boat on the unevenness of the bottom of the reservoir using the muscular strength of one or two people with the structural and technological simplicity of its structure;

- reducing the risk of damage to the bottom of the boat in shallow water in a collision with the bottom of the reservoir;

- giving exchange rate stability and hydrodynamic balancing of the boat when moving on water.

The technical result is achieved due to the following design features of the boat.

The boat contains a hull, three keels, protruding relative to the bottom of the hull and oriented vertically along the longitudinal axis of the boat. Two of these keels are placed in the stern of the boat symmetrically about its longitudinal axis, and the third - in the middle of the boat on its longitudinal axis. Each keel is made in the form of a wheel block mounted on the outside of the bottom of the hull with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat and containing three wheels cantilevered uniformly and symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the wheel block with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat and made of the same size and different weight. Moreover, two of the three wheels have a maximum and minimum weight, and the third wheel has an average weight relative to the two mentioned.

In the particular case of the invention, the boat can be additionally equipped with two tensioning wheels mounted on the outer side of the hull bottom on its longitudinal axis in the aft and bow parts, respectively, with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat, and a closed cable stretched into the girth between the tensioning wheels with a single entwining around the said wheel block located in the middle part of the boat, from the bottom of the hull, while the wheels of the said wheel block located in the middle h STI boats are made with two grooves for the cable.

The implementation of the boat with three keels, two of which are located in the stern of the boat symmetrically relative to its longitudinal axis, and the third - in the middle of the boat on its longitudinal axis, is the best option for simplicity, ease of design and its functionality. The keels are made in the form of so-called walking wheel blocks that interact with the bottom of the reservoir or the land surface. The use of wheel blocks with three rotating wheels of different weights makes it easier to move the boat overland using the muscular strength of one or two people, as well as to ensure high boat passability on uneven bottoms of the pond, increase the speed of the boat in shallow water, and also give additional directional stability and provide hydrodynamic balancing of the boat when moving on water.

The different weight of the wheels in the wheel block guarantees a decrease in the center of gravity of the boat, which in turn provides an increase in its stability, and also ensures that two wheels of one wheel block are in contact with the irregularities of the bottom of the reservoir or land, which increases the passability of the boat.

To enhance the effect of reducing the risk of damage to the bottom of the boat in the event of a collision with an obstacle on the terrain (both when moving in water and on land), the boat can be additionally equipped with two tension wheels and a closed cable. In this particular embodiment of the invention, the tensioning wheels are mounted on the outside of the hull bottom on its longitudinal axis, respectively, in the stern and bow parts, with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat. A closed cable is stretched to cover the tensioning wheels and the wheel block located in the middle of the boat. For reliability of the design, the cable is located in the fixing furrows of the tension wheels and wheels of the said wheel block. To maintain the possibility of rotation of the said wheel block, the cable from the bottom of the boat hull is entwined around the wheel block from top to bottom with a loop (the crosshair or overlap of the cable is located from the bottom of the boat hull).

When a boat collides with an obstacle in the water along its course, the cable in the bow will slow down the boat, which will allow you to more smoothly overcome the obstacle, and the cable in the stern of the boat will reduce the likelihood of a stern of the bottom of the boat hit the obstacle.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 - bottom view of the boat from the bottom of the hull;

Figure 2 is a side view of a keel made in the form of a wheel block;

Figure 3 - cross section A-A of the keel, made in the form of a wheel block;

Figure 4 - bottom view of the boat from the bottom of the hull with additional equipment - tensioning wheels and cable;

Figure 5 is a side view of the keel, made in the form of a wheel block, with a cable stretched around it;

6 is a section of a boat along its longitudinal axis in the interaction of the cable with an obstacle under the bottom (in position - an obstacle in the bow of the boat);

7 is a section of the boat along its longitudinal axis in the interaction of the cable with an obstacle under the bottom (in position - an obstacle in the stern of the boat).

In the figures, the positions denote the following elements:

1 - the bottom of the hull;

2 - keel in the form of a wheel block located in the stern of the boat;

3 - keel in the form of a wheel block located in the middle of the boat on its longitudinal axis;

4 - wheel of the wheel block having the greatest weight;

5 - wheel wheel block having the smallest weight;

6 is a wheel block wheel having an average weight relative to the weight of two other wheels;

7 - a tensioning wheel located in the stern of the boat;

8 - a tensioning wheel located in the bow of the boat;

9 - a cable;

10 - an obstacle (in water at the bottom of a reservoir or on the land surface).

Boat 1 is equipped with two keels in its aft part in the form of a wheel block 2 and one keel in the middle part in the form of a wheel block 3. These keels prevent the boat from aground. When moving on land or in shallow water and in contact with an obstacle 10 (including vertical) with a height greater than the diameter of the wheels 4, 5, 6 of the wheel block, the boat overcomes the obstacle by turning the wheel block and wheels. The different weight of the wheels of the wheel block as a keel guarantees a lowering of the center of gravity of the boat, provides an increase in its stability, and also provides interaction with uneven ground of the bottom or land by contacting with them at once the two wheels that have the largest weight (wheel 4) and average weight (wheel 6 ), which increases the patency of the boat.

A boat with keels of this design is intended to be used primarily in flooded areas during evacuation and rescue operations, for tourism, especially in shallow water bodies. Due to the high cross-country ability on the unevenness of the bottom of the reservoir, the boat can be stranded by the muscular strength of one, maximum two people, and the boat can also be moved overland without re-equipment.

To enhance the effect of reducing the risk of damage to the bottom of the boat 1 in a collision with an invisible obstacle at the bottom of the reservoir 10, the boat can be additionally equipped with a tensioning wheel 8 in the bow and a tensioning wheel 7 in the stern, which are connected by a closed cable 9 (for example, steel with a polymer coating and etc.) with a wheel block 3 located in the middle of the boat. The cable 9 extinguishes a blow when a boat collides with an obstacle 10, slowing its movement. In addition, after the boat overcomes the obstacle, the cable 9 prevents a possible hit of the stern of the bottom of the boat against the obstacle due to the tension of the cable between the tensioning wheels 7 and 8 and the keel in the form of a wheel block 3 located in the middle part. The cable 9 also prevents damage to the blade of the outboard motor of the boat about the obstacle after it is overcome by the boat.

Thus, the proposed design of the boat has the following advantages:

- a boat with keels in the form of walking wheel blocks can move on land with complex terrain, and can also be easily taken aground;

- keels in the form of walking wheel blocks provide an increase in the speed of movement of the boat in shallow water, reduce the risk of damage to the bottom of the boat in shallow water when colliding with obstacles located at the bottom of the reservoir, and also provide additional directional stability and hydrodynamic balancing of the boat when moving through water;

- equipping the boat with additional equipment - tensioning wheels and cable, reduces the risk of damage to the bottom of the boat and outboard motor.

Claims (2)

1. A boat containing a hull, keels protruding relative to the bottom of the hull and oriented vertically along the longitudinal axis of the boat, characterized in that it contains three keels, two of which are placed in the stern of the boat symmetrically about its longitudinal axis, and the third in the middle boats on its longitudinal axis, and each of the keels is made in the form of a wheel block mounted on the outside of the bottom of the hull with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat, containing three wheels, cantilevered uniformly and symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the wheel block with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat and made of the same size and different weight, while two of the three wheels have a maximum and minimum weight, and the third wheel has an average weight relative to the two mentioned. 2. The boat according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises two tensioning wheels mounted on the longitudinal axis of the hull bottom in the aft and bow parts, respectively, with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis of the boat, and a closed cable stretched in girth between the tension wheels with a single entanglement around the said wheel block located in the middle part of the boat, from the bottom of the hull, while the wheels of the said wheel block located in the middle part of the boat are made with two I have grooves for the cable.

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