RU2543511C1 - Method of operation of radar system based on radar station with controlled parameters of radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio, communication.

SUBSTANCE: in control centre of the radar system at specified intervals the group of radar stations (RS) is selected, which carrier frequencies are within one of the sub-bands of on-board means of interferences (BMI), and the angles of viewing relative to the line of the object course when viewed from the centre of the area of uncertainty does not exceed the half-width of BMI working sectors, the area of uncertainty of object position is divided into sub-areas so that each sub-area fits into the main lobes of the antenna directional patterns of all selected RS, the sensing time of each sub-area is specified with the selected RS, the angular coordinates of sensing are calculated by the selected RS, the frequencies of emitted RS signals is selected at random within frequency sub-band of the BMI, and the minimum difference of carrier frequencies for all possible pairs of the selected RSs should exceed half the sum of values of the width of the spectra of the sensing RS signals, the data on time, angular and frequency sensing parameters are directed to the selected RSs.

EFFECT: improving quality of detection and tracking of air objects.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radar, and in particular to radar systems based on radar stations with controlled radiation parameters, designed to detect and track airborne objects covered by airborne jamming means.

A known method of functioning of an independent radar system [Kontorov DS, Golubev-Novozhilov Yu.S. Introduction to radar systems engineering. M .: Soviet radio. 1971. p.167-184], which consists in the independent emission of the probing signals of each radar system within the specified viewing areas in accordance with the individual schedule, receiving signals, detecting, measuring coordinates and filtering the parameters of the trajectories of objects by reflected signals, transmitting coordinates and motion parameters objects detected by the reflected signal along with correlation matrices of errors to determine them at the central point of information processing, identifying parameters and combining data belonging to air channels on each object at the central location processing. The radar stations in the system can be both diverse and of the same type. Surveillance zones of radar stations completely or partially overlap. The disadvantage of this method is that in the presence of sources of interference of sufficient power, the detection of objects in a significant part of the field of view is impossible.

A known method of functioning of a passive radar system [Chernyak B.C. Multiposition radar. M .: Radio and communication. 1993, pp. 74-76, 320, 362, 381-390], which consists in receiving signals, detecting, measuring and filtering the angular coordinates of objects according to the noise emitted from them, transmitting angular coordinates and their first derivatives, detected by the radiated noise of objects together with correlation matrices of errors to determine them at a central point of information processing, identification of bearings to interference sources, accompanied by various radars, calculation of spatial coordinates of interference sources with their subsequent filtering and determination of motion parameters . For civil and defense systems, the passive mode of the radar system is implemented, as a rule, in parallel (simultaneously) with the active.

There are known methods of functioning of an independent radar system (radar station), aimed at rough determination of areas of space in which the facts of the absence or presence of objects are determined with a given probability, and areas of space where undetected due to insufficient signal / (interference + noise) objects can be located, with subsequent optimization of the survey of space in the framework of the radar system (radar station) [Vakin SA, Shustov LN Fundamentals of radio countermeasures and electronic intelligence. M .: Soviet radio. 1968, pp. 79-90; Gerashchenko SV., Pryadko A.N., Shevchuk V.I. A method for optimizing the distribution of the energy resource of a radar with a phased array during search and detection of targets in an unsteady jamming environment. Radio Engineering, 2008, No. 7, p. 81-84; Guz V.I., Butyrin A., Lipatov V.P., Baringolts T.V. Adaptive control of the distribution of energy and time resources of a radar with a phased antenna array. University News. Radio Electronics 2007, vol. 50. No. 2, p. 3-14; Peshko A.S., Mazhura N.N., Yurchik I.A. Organization of a review of the space of the radar based on the PAR, with electron-mechanical scanning. Radio engineering, No. 8, 2009, p. 84; Vasiliev O.V., Kareev V.V. Guided radar search for air targets, optimized by the information criterion.// Radio engineering. 2003, pp. 84-88 et al.].

Based on the information received, the tasks of establishing the priority of viewing various areas of space by the radar stations of the system and roughly determining the area of possible location and parameters of the movement of air objects covered by on-board interference means are solved. The physical basis of these methods is to evaluate the total interference power and internal noise and determine from these data the configuration of the radar suppression zones, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio when objects with a given effective scattering surface are less than threshold are detected, followed by transmission of the parameters of the suppression zones to the processing point, the construction of the region of uncertainty of the position of objects at the control point of the system as the intersection of the zones of suppression of the radar system and rough determination of motion parameters objects to change the position of the center area of uncertainty in time.

For example, according to the method of radar survey of space (options) [US Pat. RF 2008144719, IPC 7 G01S 13/00 (2006.01), 2008] Radars interacting in a controlled space can operate in the following options:

1) radars exchange information about the results of the space survey and, taking into account the information received, by setting different priorities for viewing the areas of space included in the radar’s area of responsibility, increase energy costs for viewing the angular directions in which the target can be located, due to its reduction in viewing angular directions in which the goal is absent; at the same time, the information contains the coordinates of the scanned areas indicating the presence or absence of a target in it, the coordinates of the target found in it or also data on its recognition; if necessary, inspect the i-th angular direction with passes if, according to information, including other radars, this direction does not contain a target or spend energy on viewing the i-th angular direction within the established balance until the target is detected, the coordinates of which are obtained from other radars ;

2) they transfer to the data bank available for a number of other radars, and receive from it information about the scanned areas of space and taking into account the information received by setting various priorities for viewing the sections of space included in the radar’s area of responsibility, increase energy costs for viewing angular directions, which may be the target, due to its reduction in viewing angular directions in which the target is absent; at the same time, information about the coordinates of the scanned areas is indicated in the data bank and received from it indicating the presence or absence of a target in it, the coordinates of the target found in it, or also data about target recognition; if necessary, they omit (do not inspect) the i-th angular direction, if according to the information of the data bank this direction does not contain a target, and proceed to the analysis of the j-th angular direction, etc. or spend energy on viewing the i-th angular direction within the established balance until a target is found whose coordinates are obtained from the data bank.

In the practice of creating radar systems, the above methods are implemented in parallel (simultaneously), forming a way of functioning of the radar system, which consists in determining the priorities for viewing the different areas of the space of each radar system in accordance with a priori and current information, independent for each radar scheduling its operation, the emission of sounding signals each radar system within the specified viewing areas in accordance with the schedule, receiving signals, evaluating the total power interferences and internal noise and determining on this basis the configuration of the radar suppression zones, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio when detecting objects with a given effective scattering surface less than threshold, detecting, measuring coordinates and filtering the parameters of object trajectories by reflected signals and radiated interference, constructing an area of uncertainty in the position of objects at the control point of the system as the intersection of the zones of suppression of the radar system, calculating the coordinates and filtering the path parameters объектов objects-carriers of interference sources, combining the trajectories of objects accompanied by the reflected signal and the emitted noise, and rough determination of the parameters of the movement of objects by changing the center of the uncertainty area in time and (or) the trajectory parameters of objects accompanied by the emitted interference.

The specified method is closest in its technical essence to the proposed (prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low quality of the functioning of the radar system in the conditions of organized interference: small detection ranges of airborne objects and low accuracy of their tracking, due to the preservation of the possibility of sequential in time radio suppression of individual radar stations from the system with full use of the energy capabilities of on-board jammers placed at airborne objects .

однотипных радиолокационных станций, несущие частоты которых находятся в пределах одного из поддиапазонов бортовых средств помех, а углы визирования ау- которых относительно линии курса достаточно компактной (с расстояниями между объектами, много меньше дальности до РЛС) группы объектов при наблюдении из центра области неопределенности не превышают полуширины рабочих секторов Δα_nn бортовых средств помех |α_k-α_on|≤Δα_nn/2. Число угловых элементов в зоне ответственности в азимутальной и угломестной плоскостях для k-й РЛС составляет N_1k и N_2k соответственно, а число угловых элементов в зоне приоритетного просмотра по азимуту и углу места составляет n_1k и n_2k, доля времени в общем временном балансе РЛС, выделяемого на просмотр приоритетных секторов, составляет γ_k, на просмотр неприоритетных секторов доля времени составит 1-γ_k.Indeed, let the radar system include

of the same type of radar stations, the carrier frequencies of which are within one of the sub-ranges of the on-board interference means, and the viewing angles, which relative to the course line are quite compact (with distances between objects much less than the distance to the radar), groups of objects when observing from the center of the uncertainty region do not exceed half-widths of the working sectors Δα _{nn of the} on-board interference means | α _k -α _on | ≤Δα _nn / 2. The number of corner elements in the area of responsibility in the azimuthal and elevation planes for the k-th radar is N _1k and N _2k, respectively, and the number of corner elements in the priority viewing area in azimuth and elevation is n _1k and n _2k , a fraction of the time in the total time balance The radar allocated for viewing priority sectors is γ _k ; for viewing non-priority sectors, the proportion of time will be 1-γ _k .

We believe that an on-board interference means implements an adaptive mode of creating interference aimed at minimizing the total time of their emission, i.e., interference is generated in response only if the k-th radar of the probe signal is emitted in the direction of the uncertainty region where the airborne objects protected by the interference means are located [Perunov Yu.M., Fomichev K.I., Yudin L.M. Radio-electronic suppression of information channels of weapon control systems. - M .: Radio engineering, 2003, p. 386-387]. Then the intensity of the flow of applications for interference will be

where F _k is the repetition rate of the probing signals of the K-th radar.

Considering the interference tool as a multi-channel queuing system and taking into account that the throughput of the queuing system depends mainly on the average service time and weakly depends on the law of distribution of service time [Wentzel ES Introduction to operations research. M .: Soviet radio. 1967, p. 301], we write down the probabilities that interference is not currently being created (p ₀ ), one radar (p ₁ ), two radars (p ₂ ) and n> 2 radars (p _n ) are created to distribute the service time according to the indicative law [Ventzel E.S. Introduction to operations research. M .: Soviet radio. 1967, p. 306, 307]

;

- средняя длительность создания помех; M - максимальное число каналов создания помех в бортовых средствах помех.Where

;

- average duration of interference; M is the maximum number of interference paths in on-board interference facilities.

The average review period for priority and non-priority sectors of space will be

мс при наличии в средстве помех M=10 каналов формирования помех и K=4 РЛС в составе радиолокационной системы.Figure 1 shows the results of calculating the probability of interference with one, two, three, four radars (curves 1-4, respectively) and average periods of the review of priority (curve 5) and non-priority (callout 6) sectors of space at typical values for radars with a needle beam N _1k = 60; N _2k = 10; n _1k = 5; n _2k = 3; F _k = 100 Hz;

ms in the presence of interference in the vehicle M = 10 channels of interference generation and K = 4 radars in the radar system.

As can be seen from the graphical dependencies shown in Fig. 1, for acceptable values of γ _k <0.4, for which the review period of non-priority sectors of space does not exceed 10 seconds, the probability of simultaneous interference with one, two, three and four radars is 0.32; 0.25; 0.14 and 0.05, respectively, that is, the interference tool operates primarily in single and dual signal mode.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of detection and tracking of airborne objects covered by airborne jamming means by a radar system based on radar stations with controlled radiation parameters due to the special control of radiation parameters of radar stations, eliminating the possibility of successive suppression by airborne interference of each of them.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the method of functioning of a radar system based on radar stations (radar) with controlled radiation parameters when detecting a group of airborne objects covered by airborne interference means, it consists in determining the priorities of viewing different areas of the space of each radar system in accordance with a priori and current information, scheduling the functioning of the radar system, the radiation of the probing signals of each radar system within the specified zones ora in accordance with the schedule, receiving signals, estimating the total interference power and internal noise and determining on this basis the configuration of the radar suppression zones, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio is detected when objects with a given effective scattering surface are less than threshold are detected, measuring coordinates and filtering the parameters of the trajectories of objects by reflected signals and radiated noise, building an area of uncertainty of the position of objects at the control point of the system as the intersection of zones is suppressed radar system, calculating the coordinates and filtering the parameters of the trajectories of objects-carriers of interference sources, combining the trajectories of objects accompanied by the reflected signal and the emitted interference, and roughly determining the parameters of the movement of objects by changing the center of the region of uncertainty in time and (or) the path parameters of objects , accompanied by radiated interference, to ensure the best detection conditions by dividing the energy potential of airborne interference equipment by the maximum number of radars at the control point the radar system, with a given frequency, select a group of radar stations, the carrier frequencies of which are within one of the subranges of the on-board interference means, and the viewing angles relative to the line of objects when observing from the center of the uncertainty area do not exceed the half-width of the working sectors of the on-board interference means, the uncertainty area of the position of objects divided into subregions so that each subdomain fits into the main lobes of the antenna patterns of all selected x radar, assign the probing time of each subdomain to the selected radar in such a way that the required time intervals of the interference radiation averaged over all possible positions of the detected object (s) within the subregion and over all possible positions of the interference sources to the selected radar to cover the reflected radars from the object of the signals differed minimally, the angular coordinates of the soundings of the subdomains by the selected radars are calculated, the frequencies of the radiated signals are selected arbitrarily in the pre elah frequency subband airborne noise, with the divergence of carrier frequencies for all possible pairs of the selected radar must exceed half the sum of the widths of the spectra probing radar signals, time data, and the angular frequency parameter sensed is transmitted to the selected radar.

The radar system that implements the inventive method (figure 2), contains a subsystem of navigation and time support 1, the outputs of which are connected to L radar stations 2.1, 2.2, ..., 2.L-1, 2.L with controlled radiation parameters, and a control point 3. The information outputs of the radar stations are connected to the information inputs of the control point, and the control inputs of the radar stations are connected to the outputs of the control point.

The implementation of the prototype method consists in performing at a given frequency the following operations:

1) based on a priori and current information at the control point of the radar system, the priorities for viewing individual areas of space of each radar system are determined; information on the established priorities is transmitted through the communication channels to the radar system;

2) based on the established priorities in each radar, scheduling of the radar is carried out for a given period of time;

3) in accordance with an individual schedule in each radar, the probing radiation is received and reflected signals are received, the total interference power and internal noise are estimated and the radar suppression zone configurations are determined on this basis, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio is detected when objects with a predetermined effective scattering surface below the threshold, detection, measurement of coordinates and filtering of the parameters of the trajectories of objects based on reflected signals and radiated noise;

4) the results of the secondary processing of radar information are transmitted via communication channels to the control center of the radar system;

5) at the control point of the radar system, the region of uncertainty of the position of the objects as the intersection of the zones of suppression of the radar system, the calculation of coordinates and filtering the parameters of the trajectories of jammers, the combination of the trajectories of objects accompanied by the reflected signal and emitted interference, and rough determination of the parameters of the movement of objects by changing the center areas of uncertainty in time or in the trajectory parameters of objects, accompanied by radiated interference.

The implementation of the proposed method of functioning of the radar system is possible after the initial construction of the uncertainty area according to the prototype method and consists in performing the following operations with a given frequency:

1) at the control point of the radar system:

РЛС, несущие частоты которых находятся в пределах одного из поддиапазонов бортовых средств помех, а углы визирования относительно линии курса объектов при наблюдении из центра области неопределенности не превышают полуширины рабочих секторов бортовых средств помех;- a group of

Radars whose carrier frequencies are within one of the subranges of the airborne jamming equipment, and the viewing angles relative to the line of sight of objects when observing from the center of the uncertainty area do not exceed half the working width of the airborne jamming equipment;

подобластей так, чтобы каждая подобласть находилась в пределах главных лепестков диаграмм направленности антенн выбранных РЛС;- the area of uncertainty of the position of air objects is divided into

subdomains so that each subdomain is within the main lobes of the antenna patterns of the selected radar;

- for each of the radars of the selected group, schedules of their functioning are compiled, providing a coordinated view of the subdomains so that the required time averaged over all possible positions of the detected object (s) within the nth subregion and over all possible positions of the interference sources within the entire uncertainty area the intervals of interference radiation to the selected radar for covering the signals reflected from the object differed minimally;

- operation schedules are transmitted to the selected radar;

2) in accordance with an individual schedule in each radar, probing radiation and receiving reflected signals are carried out, the total interference power and internal noise are estimated and, on this basis, radar suppression zone configurations are determined, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio is detected when objects with a predetermined effective scattering surface below the threshold, detection, measurement of coordinates and filtering of the parameters of the trajectories of objects based on reflected signals and radiated noise;

3) the results of the secondary processing of radar information are transmitted via communication channels to the control center of the radar system;

4) at the control point of the radar system, construction (refinement) of the area of uncertainty of the position of objects as the intersection of the zones of suppression of the radar system, the calculation of coordinates and filtering the parameters of the paths of jammers, the combination of the paths of objects accompanied by the reflected signal and radiated noise, and a rough determination of the parameters of the movement of objects by changing the center of the region of uncertainty in time or along the trajectory parameters of objects, accompanied by radiated noise.

Operations 3-5 of the prototype method and 2-4 of the proposed method are the same.

Detailing of the original operations of the proposed method for one area of uncertainty is as follows.

РЛС из состава радиолокационной системы проверяются выполнение условийWhen selecting a radar group for each of

Radars from the radar system are checked that the conditions are met

,

- нижняя и верхняя несущие частоты ℓ-й РЛС;

,

- нижняя и верхняя частоты поддиапазона рабочих частот бортовых средств помех. Выбранные K РЛС нумеруются

where α _ℓ , β _ℓ are the viewing angles of the ℓ-th radar relative to the direction of the course vector and pitch of the objects when observing from the center of the region of uncertainty; Δα _PP - sector of operation of the on-board interference means;

,

- lower and upper carrier frequencies of the й-th radar;

,

- the lower and upper frequencies of the sub-band of the operating frequencies of the on-board interference means. Selected K radars are numbered

подобластей Dn,

с координатами условных центров подобластей (x_цn, y_цn, z_цn), наклонной и горизонтальной дальностями от центров подобластей до выбранных РЛСObtained during the operation of the radar system according to the prototype method, the uncertainty area Z is divided into

subdomains Dn,

with the coordinates of the conditional centers of the subdomains (x _cn , y _cn , z _cn ), the inclined and horizontal distances from the centers of the subdomains to the selected radar

based on the sign of the subdomain getting into the main lobes of the radar antenna patterns as a whole

- угловые отклонения точки с координатами (x, y, z) от линии «k-я РЛС - центр n-й подобласти).Where

- angular deviations of the point with coordinates (x, y, z) from the line “k-th radar is the center of the n-th subregion).

подобластей может быть выполнено путем проверки условия (8) для точек, принадлежащих области неопределенности Z, с достаточно малой дискретностью

;

Алгоритм разбиения может быть построен последовательно. На первом шаге фиксируется центральная точка первой подобласти, за которую может быть приняты координаты центра тяжести области неопределенности, и с использованием (8) с заданной дискретностью строится первая подобласть. На втором шаге оцениваются размеры получившейся на первом шаге подобласти, исходя из полученного результата, выбирается положение условного центра второй подобласти и осуществляется ее построение. Далее процесс повторяется до достижения полного разбиения области неопределенности на подобласти, которые могут частично перекрываться.In practice, the partition of the region of uncertainty Z into

subdomains can be satisfied by checking condition (8) for points belonging to the uncertainty region Z with sufficiently small discreteness

;

The partitioning algorithm can be constructed sequentially. At the first step, the central point of the first subdomain is fixed, for which the coordinates of the center of gravity of the uncertainty region can be taken, and using (8) with the given discreteness, the first subdomain is constructed. In the second step, the sizes of the subdomain obtained in the first step are estimated, based on the result obtained, the position of the conditional center of the second subdomain is selected and its construction is carried out. The process is then repeated until a complete partition of the uncertainty region into subdomains, which may partially overlap, is achieved.

Next, they solve the problem of assigning the sounding time of each subregion to the selected radar. In this case, the worst case for a radar system is considered when the interference tool optimally uses its time resource [Perunov Yu.M., Fomichev KI, Yudin L.M. Radio-electronic suppression of information channels of weapon control systems. - M .: Radio engineering, 2003, pp. 386-387], minimizing the time of emission of interference by combining the time intervals of reception of the signal of the k-th radar reflected from the object and the interval of exposure to interference on the k-th radar.

When crossing the intervals of creating interference b> 1 radar with different carrier frequencies lying within one of the subbands of the interference means, the interference power per each radar decreases. So, if radars have approximately the same energy capabilities for detecting air objects, then the interference power attributable to each of the b radars is reduced to a level

where PG is the energy potential of the interference in a single-signal mode; µ (b) - losses due to multi-signal amplification of interference in the output power amplifier of the interference means [Handbook of satellite communications and broadcasting / under. ed. Cantora L.Ya. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1983, p. 127-132].

In case of incomplete coincidence of the intervals of creating interference with the selected radar, a situation arises when only one (k-th) radar is interfered with on the part of the time interval of the reception of the reflected signal of the k-th radar, and on the part, two radars, three, etc. Radar.

Choose the duration of the probing signals of the selected radar when probing the region of uncertainty

,

,

- максимальная длительность зондирующего сигнала k-й РЛС.Where

- the maximum duration of the probing signal of the k-th radar.

The average interference power is defined in this case as

- временной промежуток в пределах интервал приема отраженного сигнала k-й РЛС при зондировании n-й подобласти, когда помеха создается b РЛС системы.Where

- the time interval within the interval of reception of the reflected signal of the k-th radar when sensing the n-th subregion, when the interference is created b radar system.

что достигается при минимальных различиях моментов начала и окончания создания помех выбранным РЛС, то

то есть энергопотенциал помех, приходящийся на каждую РЛС, минимален.If

what is achieved with minimal differences in the moments of start and end of the creation of interference to the selected radar, then

that is, the energy potential of interference per each radar is minimal.

The condition for the minimum energy potential of interference per each radar must be ensured when finding covered objects in the nth subregion and finding the means (tools) of interference in the field of uncertainty. We require that averaged over all possible positions of the detected object (s) within the nth subregion and over all possible positions of the interference sources within the entire uncertainty region, the required time intervals of the interference radiation to the selected radar for covering the signals reflected from the object differ minimally. The maximum combination of the required intervals for creating interference is achieved by the appropriate choice of the time of emission of interference from each radar.

The solution to this problem can be carried out, for example, step by step, as follows.

At the first step, the q number of the reference radar-radar is determined, for which the distance from it to the conditional center of the nth subregion is maximized

and the times τ _{qn of} radiation of the probe signal of this radar are assigned.

шагах оптимизируется временная задержка Δτ_kn=τ_kn-τ_qn излучения зондирующего сигнала k=1, 2, …, q-1, q+1, …, K оставшихся из выбранных РЛС по отношению к опорной q-й РЛС.At subsequent

steps, the time delay Δτ _kn = τ _kn -τ _{qn of the} radiation of the probe signal k = 1, 2, ..., q-1, q + 1, ..., K remaining from the selected radars with respect to the reference q-th radar is optimized.

начала излучения помех k-й РЛС при условиях, что бортовое средство помех находится в точке с координатами (x_П, y_П, z_П)∈Z, воздушный объект - в точке с координатами (x, y, z)∈D_n составитBased on the geometry of the problem, the required instant for complete coincidence with the reflected signal

the beginning of interference emission of the k-th radar under the conditions that the on-board interference means is located at a point with coordinates (x _П , y _П , z _П ) ∈Z, the airborne object - at a point with coordinates (x, y, z) ∈D _n

The optimal time delay of the radiation of the k-th radar relative to the reference one when probing the nth subregion is selected in accordance with the expression

Where

- the difference in the required time of the beginning of the generation of interference of the k-th radar with respect to the reference one, averaged at all possible positions of the object within the nth subregion and the means of interference within the uncertainty region; dD _n = dxdydz; dZ = dx _P dy _P dz _P ; V _Z , S _Z - the volume of the entire region of uncertainty and its nth subregion.

, которые представляют собой моменты излучения зондирующих сигналов выбранными РЛС. При этом, в соответствии с (13), будут обеспечены минимальные различия требуемых моментов начала и окончания создания помех k-й РЛС в соответствии с опорной, то есть максимальное совмещение требуемых интервалов создания помех выбранным РЛС.As a result of sequential optimization, values are formed

, which are the moments of emission of the probing signals by the selected radar. In this case, in accordance with (13), the minimum differences of the required moments of the beginning and end of the jamming of the k-th radar in accordance with the reference one, that is, the maximum combination of the required jamming intervals of the selected radar, will be ensured.

то есть требуемые интервалы создания помех различным РЛС будут практически совпадать. На практике указанные требования могут быть легко выполнены, например, для РЛС воздушного базирования за счет соответствующего выбора траекторий полета их носителей, а также в импульсно-доплеровских РЛС и импульсных РЛС со сложными зондирующими сигналами длительностью сотни микросекунд-единиц миллисекунд.In the case when the dimensions of the uncertainty region are sufficiently small, the selected radars are placed compactly enough and (or) probing signals of long duration are used in the radar, the condition

that is, the required intervals for creating interference to different radars will practically coincide. In practice, these requirements can be easily fulfilled, for example, for air-based radars by appropriate selection of the flight paths of their carriers, as well as in pulse-Doppler radars and pulse radars with complex sounding signals lasting hundreds of microseconds-milliseconds.

и угол места

главного лепестка диаграммы направленности антенны k-й РЛС при зондировании n-й областиNext, the azimuth is calculated

and elevation

the main lobe of the antenna pattern of the k-th radar when probing the n-th region

;

;

The frequencies of the probing signals are chosen arbitrarily, so that, provided that impact interference with a spectral width equal to the spectral width of the probing signal is created, the intersection of interference spectra is eliminated

where ΔF _ci is the width of the spectrum of the signal of the i-th radar.

выбранных РЛС в виде времен, длительностей сигналов τc, угловых координат

,

и частот ƒ_kn зондирований

подобластей области неопределенности передаются с пункта управления радиолокационной системы на выбранные РЛС.Received operation schedules

selected radars in the form of times, signal durations τc, angular coordinates

,

and frequencies ƒ _kn soundings

subregions of the region of uncertainty are transmitted from the control center of the radar system to the selected radar.

;

(плоскостной случай) на подобласти при наличии K=4 выбранных РЛС системы. На фиг.5 приведены зависимости разности начала создания помех k-й РЛС в сравнении с опорной, усредненной по всем возможным положениям объекта временной задержки излучения k-й РЛС по отношению к опорной при зондировании n-й подобласти.Figure 3 and 4, respectively, shows an example of a spatial situation in the implementation of the method and the results of dividing the region of uncertainty by size

;

(plane case) in the subdomain in the presence of K = 4 selected radar systems. Figure 5 shows the dependences of the difference in the onset of jamming of the k-th radar in comparison with the reference one averaged over all possible positions of the object of the time delay of the radiation of the k-th radar relative to the reference when probing the nth subregion.

Let us illustrate the gain of the proposed method of functioning of the radar system in comparison with the prototype method in terms of the indicator "coefficient (increase the detection range of airborne objects selected radars of the radar system for a given probability of correct detection and a fixed probability of false alarm", defined as

- дальность обнаружения объекта выбранными РЛС в предлагаемом способе и средняя дальность обнаружения в способе-прототипе соответственно.where R

- the detection range of the selected radar in the proposed method and the average detection range in the prototype method, respectively.

The average detection range of an air object of any of the selected radars for the "prototype method"

Where

- дальность обнаружения объекта любой из выбранных РЛС при равномерном распределении энергопотенциала средства помех на подавление i радиолокационных станций на различных несущих частотах; P_c, G_c - импульсная мощность и коэффициент усиления антенны РЛС; σ - эффективная поверхность рассеяния объекта; ΔF - ширина спектра помех;

- the detection range of an object of any of the selected radars with a uniform distribution of the energy potential of the interference means for suppressing i radar stations at different carrier frequencies; P _c , G _c - pulse power and gain of the radar antenna; σ is the effective scattering surface of the object; ΔF is the width of the interference spectrum;

- the probability of interference to exactly i radar stations, provided that interference is generated by at least one radar station; p _i - the probability of simultaneous suppression of i radar, defined by (2).

The detection range in the proposed method is determined (18) at i = K.

Then, from (16) - (19), taking into account 2, it follows that the coefficient of increase in the detection range

.Where

.

мс. Полагалось, что величина коэффициента энергетических потерь в сравнении с односигнальным режимом составляет 1…1,5 дБ [Справочник по спутниковой связи и вещанию / под. ред. Кантора Л.Я. - М.: Радио и связь, 1983, стр.127], при этом принималось µ(1)=0дБ; µ(2)=1 дБ; µ(3)=1,25 дБ; µ(>3)=1,5 дБ.Figure 6 shows the results of calculating the coefficient of increasing the detection range of airborne objects when implementing the proposed method, depending on the number K = L of radars with the composition of the system for the case when the prototype method creates interference only when viewing the radar of areas of uncertainty, for priority viewing of the area uncertainties are the fractions of the radar energy resource γ _k = 0.1 and 0.25 (round and square markers, respectively), the frequency of inspection of the angular directions F _k = 100 Hz and the average time of interference generation

ms It was believed that the value of the energy loss coefficient in comparison with the single-signal mode is 1 ... 1.5 dB [Handbook of satellite communications and broadcasting / under. ed. Cantora L.Ya. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1983, p. 127], while μ (1) = 0dB; µ (2) = 1 dB; µ (3) = 1.25 dB; µ (> 3) = 1.5 dB.

As follows from the calculation results, the proposed method provides a significant, 1.4 ... 2.7 times for the given situation, an increase in the detection range of airborne objects by selected radars of the radar system. In addition, since the signal-to-noise ratio in voltage when detecting airborne objects covered by on-board interference means depends linearly on the range [Perunov Yu.M., Fomichev KI, Yudin L.M. Radio-electronic suppression of information channels of weapon control systems. - M .: Radio engineering, 2003, p. 44-48], and the standard error of determining the coordinates of airborne objects is inversely proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio by voltage, the application of the proposed method provides an increase in the accuracy of measuring coordinates and tracking of airborne objects in the considered example also 1.4 ... 2.7 times.

The proposed method is new, because from publicly available information, the method of functioning of a radar system based on a radar with controlled radiation parameters when detecting a group of airborne objects covered by airborne jamming means is determined, which consists in determining the priorities for viewing different areas of the space of each radar system in accordance with a priori and current information , scheduling the functioning of the radar system, the radiation of the sounding signals of each radar system within these viewing zones in accordance with the schedule, receiving signals, estimating the total interference power and internal noise and determining on this basis the configuration of the radar suppression zones, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio when detecting objects with a given effective scattering surface less than threshold, detecting, measuring coordinates and filtering the parameters of the trajectories of objects by reflected signals and radiated noise, building an area of uncertainty in the position of objects at the control point of the system as an intersection zones for suppressing the radar system, calculating the coordinates and filtering the parameters of the trajectories of objects-carriers of interference sources, combining the trajectories of objects accompanied by the reflected signal and the emitted interference, and rough determination of the parameters of the movement of objects by changing the center of the uncertainty area in time and (or) trajectory parameters objects accompanied by radiated interference, characterized in that at the control point of the radar system with a given frequency select a group of radar stations whose carrier frequencies are within one of the subranges of the on-board interference means, and the viewing angles relative to the line of objects when viewed from the center of the region of uncertainty do not exceed half the working width of the on-board interference means, the uncertainty region of the position of objects is divided into sub-regions so that each sub-region is within the main lobes of the antenna patterns of the selected radars, the probing time of each subarea is selected by the selected radars in such a way that data on all possible positions of the detected object (s) within the subdomain and on all possible positions of the interference sources within the entire uncertainty region, the required time intervals of interference radiation to the selected radars for covering the signals reflected from the object differed minimally, the angular coordinates of the soundings of the subdomains by the selected radars, frequencies are calculated radar emitted radar signals are chosen arbitrarily within the frequency sub-band of the on-board interference means, and the minimum carrier hour difference from all possible pairs of the selected radar must exceed half the sum of the widths of the spectra probing radar signals, time data, and the angular frequency parameter sensed is transmitted to the selected radar.

The proposed technical solutions have an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from the published scientific data and the known technical solutions that the claimed sequence of operations is the choice of a group of radar stations whose carrier frequencies are within one of the sub-bands of the on-board interference means and the viewing angles are relative to the course line objects when observing from the center of the region of uncertainty do not exceed the half-width of the working sectors of the on-board interference means, the partition of the region of undecided dividing the position of objects in the subregion so that each subdomain is within the main lobes of the antenna patterns of the selected radars, the designation of the probing times of each subregion by the selected radars so that averaged over all possible positions of the detected object (s) within the subregion and over all possible positions interference sources within the entire region of uncertainty required time intervals for the emission of interference to the selected radar to cover the signal reflected from the object c differed minimally, the calculation of the angular coordinates and the assignment of the sounding frequencies of the subdomains to the selected radars based on the non-intersection of the main lobes of the spectra of the probing radar signals, the transmission of data on the temporal, angular and frequency sensing parameters to the selected radars provides an improvement in the quality of detection and tracking of airborne objects covered by airborne jamming means .

The proposed technical solutions are practically applicable, since their implementation can be used on a mass-produced industry radar stations with controlled radiation characteristics, communications, navigation and time support and computer equipment. The data necessary for the implementation of the method on the sectors of operation of the on-board interference means can be taken from the reference literature or evaluated using known analogues.

The technical and economic effectiveness of the proposed method consists in increasing the range and accuracy of tracking airborne objects covered by on-board interference means.

Claims (1)

The method of functioning of a radar system based on radar stations (radar) with controlled radiation parameters when detecting a group of airborne objects covered by airborne jamming means, which consists in determining the priorities for viewing different areas of the space of each radar system in accordance with a priori and current information, scheduling the functioning of the radar system radiation of the probing signals of each radar system within the specified viewing areas in accordance with the schedule, receiving signals signals, assessing the total interference power and internal noise and determining on this basis the configuration of the radar suppression zones, within which the signal / (interference + noise) ratio when detecting objects with a given effective scattering surface less than the threshold, detecting, measuring coordinates and filtering parameters of object trajectories by reflected signals and radiated interference, building an area of uncertainty of the position of objects at the control point of the system as the intersection of the suppression zones of individual radars, the calculation of coordinates and fil recording the parameters of the trajectories of objects-carriers of interference sources, combining the trajectories of objects accompanied by the reflected signal and the emitted noise, and roughly determining the parameters of the movement of objects by changing the center of the uncertainty area in time and (or) the trajectory parameters of objects accompanied by the emitted interference, differing the fact that at the control point of the radar system with a given frequency select a group of radars, the carrier frequencies of which are within one of the subranges boron of interference, and the viewing angles relative to the line of objects when observing from the center of the uncertainty region do not exceed the half-width of the working sectors of the airborne jamming equipment, divide the uncertainty region of the position of objects in the subregion so that each subregion fits into the main lobes of the antenna patterns of the selected radar, duration the probing signals of the selected radars are determined to be the same, the probing time of each subarea is assigned to the selected radars in such a way that For all possible positions of the detected object (s) within the subregion and for all possible positions of the interference sources within the entire uncertainty area, the required time intervals for the interference of the selected radars to cover the signals reflected from the object were minimized, the angular coordinates of the soundings were calculated by the selected radars, the frequencies of the radiated Radar signals are chosen arbitrarily within the frequency sub-band of the on-board interference means, and the minimum difference in carrier frequencies for all possible The number of pairs from the selected radars should exceed half the sum of the widths of the spectra of the probing radar signals; data on the temporal, angular, and frequency sounding parameters are transmitted to the selected radars.

Images