RU2542171C2 - Device for thermal processing and method of crystalline sorbent formation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to technology of producing sorbents, immobilised on polymer fibrous carriers, and can be used for thermal and thermochemical processing of sheet materials in different branches of industry. Device for thermal processing of microfibrous matrix contains framework of six box-shaped elements, each of which has internal cavity and is left, right, upper, lower, back and separating sections of framework, in walls of which holes are made. Device is provided with steam generator, circuit of supplying working medium in form of steam, steam-gas mixture or air into working volume and fan for transferring working medium. Separating section is installed in such a way that it divides working volume of device into two separate upper and lower heating chambers. Working volumes of heating chambers and working volumes of said four sections are connected to each other by system of said holes for transfer of working medium in said circuit on working volume of framework sections and working volume of heating chambers. Method of thermal processing of microfibrous matrix includes heating microfibrous matrix, containing on the surface and in its volume preliminarily applied nanosized aluminium-based particles, in wet saturating reactive atmosphere and under conditions of convective heating. Uniform heating and formation in it of crystalline sorbent is provided simultaneously both on the entire surface and in volume of microfibrous matrix.

EFFECT: provision of uniform heating of microfibrous matrix and complete conversion of aluminium-based particles in matrix volume.

19 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to a technology for the production of sorbents immobilized on polymer fibrous media, and can be used for thermal and thermochemical processing of sheet materials in various industries.

Known aerodynamic drying chamber for lumber or other product [RU 2296281 C2, 2007], including a fence with a door, an inlet and outlet device for exchanging the gas medium in the chamber, an energy unit containing a rotor for creating and heating the flow of the gas medium in the circulation path of the chamber.

This invention is intended only for performing drying processes and cannot be used to carry out thermochemical processes, for example, in a humid environment.

Known technological furnace for heat treatment of materials and products, mainly in a protective atmosphere [RU 2055287 C1, 1996], containing a working chamber, limited by the supporting frame, heat-insulating side walls, arch, under, door, heating elements, in which heat-insulating side walls, arch made in the form of flat radiating modules, rigidly fixed to the furnace frame in one or more rows in height, length and width of the furnace with a relative step S = (B + L) / B equal to 1.20-1.30, where B is the width (height) of the module, L is the distance between the ends odules, and heating elements arranged in the module. In this case, the supporting frame of the furnace is made of interconnected metal hollow elements filled with fiber insulation, a gap is made on the outside of each element along the entire length, covered by a removable curved elastic metal sheet. The door is made in the form of a flat emitting module attached to the frame of the furnace. The above analogue is selected as the closest technical solution.

The disadvantages of this solution include the fact that it is intended only for heat treatment of materials and at temperatures of 300-1100 ° C. Such high temperatures are not suitable for performing technological operations of thermal cleaning and thermochemical treatment in a saturating reactive atmosphere of polymer microfiber matrices. Processing temperature should not exceed 120 ° C. In addition, the heating is radiative in nature, there is no possibility of convective heating, allowing you to quickly and efficiently perform these operations.

Known [RU 2366487 C1, 2009], in which a method for manufacturing a composite sheet sorbent is disclosed, in which at least at least one aluminum-based material is deposited on a surface of a nonwoven polymeric fibrous material (polymeric microfiber matrix) to conduct a thermochemical reaction. two canvases in an oven or in an oven at a temperature of 80-120 ° C, while heating is performed in air at a relative humidity of at least 70%, preferably 95-100%.

The method does not provide a convective heating mode: the supply of a directed air flow to each individual sheet does not allow hydrolysis of particles over the entire surface of the sheet at the same time, i.e. to achieve the complete conversion of aluminum-based particles over the entire surface and in the volume of the fibrous matrix. This is due to the design of a conventional (non-convective) drying chamber, which does not require forced circulation of the medium and control the distribution and direction of flows throughout the device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is to develop a device in which it is possible to conduct thermal and / or thermochemical processing of sheet materials, mainly non-woven polymeric materials under conditions of convective heat transfer and saturating reactive atmosphere.

The technical result is the acceleration of thermal and thermochemical processing.

Another technical result: the complete transformation of particles based on aluminum in the volume of the microfiber matrix (sheet polymer material), achieved by uniform heating and, accordingly, conducting a thermochemical reaction simultaneously both over the entire surface and in the volume of the microfiber matrix.

The problem is achieved in that, like the known, the proposed device for heat treatment of materials, mainly in the form of a sheet (cloth), contains a heating chamber, limited by the frame, and means (heating elements) for heating its working volume.

What is new is that the device additionally contains means for generating steam and a system for directing and supplying an air / gas-gas mixture flow to each individual sheet with processed material placed in the heating chamber.

In this case, the device frame is made of six box-shaped elements, four of which have an internal cavity and form the left, right, upper, and rear sections of the frame, the fifth element forms a separation section and is installed in such a way that divides the working volume of the heating chamber into two separate parts : the upper and lower heating chambers, designed to accommodate pallets with processed sheet material, and the sixth element forms the lower section of the device.

Moreover, in the cavity of the rear section of the frame evenly throughout the height are evenly distributed heating elements of a linear type.

In addition, the working volumes of the heating chamber and the volumes of the four sections mentioned: left, right, upper and rear, are interconnected by a system of holes made in the walls of the sections, forming a single system for distributing air flows over the upper and lower chambers and the said sections of the frame and supply gas-vapor mixture into the heating chamber and its removal from the chamber.

Slit-shaped openings are made in the walls of the left and right sections on the side of the working volume.

The location of the holes is horizontal. The length of the holes corresponds to the depth of the chamber of the working volume.

To supply steam to the volume of the heating chamber and form a gas-vapor mixture, the device further comprises a steam generator located on the rear section of the device from its outer side and a steam supply pipe to the left section of the device.

In addition, the inner part of the mentioned pipes of the steam supply circuit is extended to the entire depth of the left section, while the upper pipe is installed below the group of slit-like openings for supplying steam to the upper heating chamber, and the lower pipe is installed below the group of slit-like openings for supplying steam into the lower chamber.

At the same time, evenly throughout the part of the pipes extended in the left section, openings are made for the exit of steam.

Through slit-shaped holes made in the left section, the vapor-gas mixture is supplied to the heating chambers.

Through the openings of the right section, the vapor-gas mixture is discharged.

In addition, an opening was made in the lower part of the left section for introducing air into it or circulating a gas-vapor mixture.

A rectangular hole (not shown) is made in the lower right part of the upper section, designed to combine the working volume of the heating chambers and the cavity of the upper section.

To move the air flow or gas-vapor mixture at a given speed, the device further comprises a fan located on the rear section of the device from the outside.

An air receiver is located in the rear section, which is connected to the fan inlet.

The fan outlet is aligned with the duct, which has a conical shape and is connected to the left section through an opening made in the lower part of the left section.

The configuration of the duct ensures a uniform supply of heated air to the lower part of the left section.

The circulation of the gas-vapor mixture in the device is carried out along a complex path, with a forced change in the direction of its movement, organized due to the structural arrangement of the holes made in the walls of the sections and the change of position of the dampers (the dampers shut off the steam flow).

The left section is equipped with a partition that serves to separate the feed stream of the vapor-gas mixture.

In addition, two flaps are made in the left section: the upper and lower ones, which allow processing in either one of the chambers (upper or lower), or in both chambers simultaneously.

That is, when closing the upper damper, the flow of the working medium does not flow into the upper chamber, respectively, when closing the lower damper, into the lower one. When opening both shutters, the flow enters both chambers simultaneously.

A rectangular hole (not shown) is made in the lower right part of the upper section, designed to combine the working volume of the heating chambers and the cavity of the upper section.

In the upper part of the rear section there is a hole equipped with a shutter and structurally combined with a rectangular hole made on the end surface of the upper section, intended for circulation of the gas-vapor mixture in the device.

An opening is provided in the upper end surface of the rear section, equipped with a damper for periodic communication with the external atmosphere.

An opening was also made in the upper part of the upper section for exhausting the spent gas-vapor mixture into the external ventilation circuit.

Heated in the rear section of the air flow, moving along the remaining sections of the device, provides convective heating in order to reduce heat loss during operation of the device, and provides heating sections that form the working volume of the chambers.

In the upper part of the rear section, there are also installed dampers designed to cut off the rear section so that when the exhaust medium is vented into the ventilation from the upper section under the pressure of the fan, this medium is not fed back to the rear section. In the closed position, one damper closes the hole in the rear section to combine its internal cavity (forming an air duct with heaters - electric heating elements) with the atmosphere, and the second - the hole through which the internal cavities of the upper and rear sections are combined. With this position of the dampers, exhaust media is removed under ventilation from the fan.

If only one damper is open, combining the atmosphere with the cavity of the rear section, air is let in to the rear section after the exhaust medium is discharged into the ventilation.

If only a damper that combines the internal cavities of the sections is open, the air duct system is closed and the flow of the working medium circulates in the system until it is discharged into the ventilation.

During operation of the device, the exhaust medium is vented.

On the outer surface of the upper section there is a ventilation gate designed to block the emission of gases into the ventilation.

Another object of the invention is a method of forming a crystalline sorbent in a microfiber matrix by thermochemical processing of the aforementioned matrix containing previously deposited nanosized metal particles on its surface and in volume.

What is new is that the matrix is heated in the above device in a moist saturating reactive atmosphere under convective heating conditions that ensure uniform heating and thermochemical reaction simultaneously both over the entire surface and in the volume of the microfiber matrix.

In order to create a saturating reactive atmosphere in the device, steam is supplied to the heating chamber with the sheets of said matrix placed in it and the formed vapor-gas mixture is moved at a speed of at least 0.8 m / s and its flow direction along the sheet surface.

The thermochemical treatment is carried out at a temperature of from 50 to 90 ° C, preferably 60-80 ° C, and humidity from 60 to 95%, preferably 70-95%.

At temperatures below 50 ° C, the reaction is slow, and the degree of conversion of aluminum-based particles is less than 0.97.

At temperatures above 90 ° C, the thermochemical reaction proceeds at a high rate with the formation of a dense layer of reaction products (crust) on the surface of the particles, which impede the penetration of water to the surface of the reacting particle. Therefore, the degree of conversion of particles is less than 0.95. Rising temperatures above 90 ° C leads to increased energy costs.

The time of thermochemical treatment in a reactive atmosphere of aluminum-based particles deposited on the fibers of the polymer matrix is from 5 to 30 minutes, preferably 10-20 minutes

With a saturating reactive atmosphere humidity of less than 60%, there is not enough water in the composition of the reactive atmosphere to conduct a thermochemical reaction of aluminum-based particles. The reaction is slow, with the degree of conversion of particles less than 0.60.

To achieve humidity above 95%, increased steam generation is required (energy costs increase). In this case, the excess steam condenses in the sections and on the door of the product (furnace).

Less than 5 min is not enough time for thermochemical treatment in a reactive atmosphere of aluminum-based particles deposited on the fibers of the polymer matrix for complete conversion of the particles.

At a time of thermochemical treatment of more than 30 min, there is an inefficient expenditure of energy resources.

By carrying out a thermochemical reaction under convective heating (the same effect on the entire surface and volume of the material), the reproducibility of the properties of the final product is ensured.

In addition, individual sheets made of at least one layer of non-woven polymeric fibrous material are used as the microfiber matrix.

In addition, they use non-woven fibrous polymeric material obtained by electrospinning, melt-blown technology, or other methods that make it possible to produce non-woven fibrous materials.

Preferably, before the impregnation operation, a nonwoven fibrous material (microfiber matrix) is heat treated to clean and activate its constituent fibers at a temperature of from 80 to 120 ° C, preferably 90-100 ° C, for no more than 8 hours.

In this case, before placing the nonwoven fibrous material in the heating chamber, it is heated using an air stream as a heat carrier.

Preferably, before heat treatment of the microfiber matrix, the chamber is heated to a temperature of at least 80 ° C, and before thermochemical processing of the microfiber matrix with deposited particles based on aluminum, the chamber is heated to a temperature of not more than 90 ° C.

When heat-treating a microfiber matrix to clean and activate the surface of its fibers at temperatures below 80 ° C, solvent residues are not completely removed, which can lead to a decrease in the quality of the final product.

When heat-treating a microfiber matrix to clean and activate the surface of its fibers at temperatures above 120 ° C, it is possible to soften the fibers of thermoplastics or begin the destruction of thermosets from which the fibers of the polymer matrix are made. This leads to a decrease in the quality of the final product and increased energy costs.

The proposed device and method are intended for heat treatment of sheet materials (microfiber matrices), mainly for performing technological operations of heat treatment and / or thermochemical treatment in a saturated reactive atmosphere, impregnated with suspensions of crystalline powders.

The device is a system of sections combined with each other and forming the upper and lower heating chambers and the housing of the device. The components of the device are the frame and doors of the heating chambers. The product’s frame consists of six box-shaped welded elements (structures) having an internal cavity made of stainless steel. The constituent elements (welded structures) of the frame are interconnected by means of bolted connections. The name of the constituent elements of the frame: left, right, upper, rear, dividing and lower sections.

The circulation of the working medium in the device is carried out along a complex trajectory with a forced change in the direction of its movement, which is ensured both by the dampers and by the arrangement of holes made in the walls of the sections.

The use of the system of forced circulation of the working medium at a controlled temperature regime is due to the need to ensure uniform processing and heating of the material. The processing conditions and conditions of the material provided by the design of the product assume the same effect on the entire surface of the material, which ensures reproducibility of its properties.

The use of the internal cavities of the sections as a duct system for circulating the working medium also makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the product, as well as the number and nomenclature of parts included in its design.

The invention is illustrated in graphic materials.

Figure 1 (a and b) shows a General view of the design of the proposed device, figure 1, a - front view, figure 1, b - rear view.

Figure 2 (a and b) is a view showing the internal cavities of the upper, left and rear sections of the device and the internal volume of the working chamber (upper and lower).

Figure 3 (a and b) is a view showing the internal cavity of the rear, right and lower sections of the device, placed in the last duct.

The device contains (Fig.1 a and b): 1 - the device body; 2 - frame; 3 - steam generator; 4 - the outer part of the steam supply pipeline; 5 - fan; 6-9 - electric shutter drives (6 - electric shutter of the lower working chamber; 7 - electric shutter of the upper working chamber; 8 - electric shutter of the air inlet into the rear section of the device; 9 - electric shutter of the upper and rear sections); 10 - electric drive gate; 11 - temperature sensor; 12 - humidity sensor; 13, 14 - loading doors; 15 - power unit; 16 - device control panel; 17 - heat-insulating plates; 18 - protective plates, 19, 20 - viewing windows; 21-22 - solenoid valves.

The frame of the device (Fig.2 and 3) is formed of six box-shaped welded elements having an internal cavity, which are: 23 - left (Fig.2, a), 24 - right (Fig.3, b), 25 - top ( figure 2, b), 26 - lower (figure 3, a), 27 - dividing (figure 2, a) and rear 28 (figure 2, b and figure 3, a) sections of the frame; the separation section is installed in such a way that divides the working volume of the device into two separate chambers (Fig.2, a): the upper 29 and lower 30, designed to accommodate pallets (not shown) with the processed sheet material.

In the rear section 28 there is an air receiver 31, which is connected to the inlet of the fan 5. The output of the fan 5 is aligned with the duct 32, which has a conical shape and is connected to the left section 23.

In the rear section 28 (Fig. 3, a), heating elements 33 are installed horizontally evenly over its entire height.

Structurally, for the direction of the air flow and the gas mixture to each individual pallet on the inner surface of the walls of the left and right sections, slit-shaped openings 34 are made (Fig. 2, a). Guides 35 are made near the openings for placing pallets with the processed material. The number of holes corresponds to the number of pallets, also for the direction of flows in the left section there is a partition 36 and shutters 37 and 38 (Fig.3, b).

Steam is supplied to the device from the steam generator 3 along the external part of the pipeline 4 connected through solenoid valves 21 and 22 (Fig. 1) to the steam supply pipes - upper 39 and lower 40, located in the left section of the device (Fig. 3, a).

In the lower right part of the upper section, a rectangular hole (not shown) is made for combining the working volume of the heating chambers and the cavity of the upper section 25.

In the upper part of the rear section 28, a hole is made, equipped with a shutter 41 and structurally combined with a rectangular hole made on the end surface of the upper section 25, intended for circulation of the vapor-gas mixture in the device.

An opening is provided in the upper end surface of the rear section, equipped with a shutter 42 for periodic communication with the external atmosphere.

An opening (not shown) is also made in the upper part of the upper section 25 for discharging the spent steam-gas mixture into the external ventilation circuit.

The air duct 32 is equipped with temperature and humidity sensors (not shown) to monitor the vapor-gas mixture passing through the device.

For loading and unloading the material installed double doors 13, 14, equipped with viewing windows 19, 20 (Fig. 1) from a double-glazed window of heat-resistant glass, and two-way locking mechanisms for fixing the position of closed doors.

The actuators of the product include standardized purchased heating elements TEN-100A13-1.5-220, a steam generator SB-8 and a fan VTs-14-46-4, electric motors EK-35.

To reduce heat loss, the body of the product is covered with insulating material (plate 17).

To protect against external mechanical influences, the thermal insulation 17 is closed by profile metal panels 18.

The processed microfiber matrices were sheets (900 × 1500 mm) of a polymer non-woven material formed from the following fibers:

from cellulose acetate fibers: FPA-15-2.0, FPA-15-2.0 G, FPA-15-4.0;

from polysulfone: FPSF-15-1.5, FPSF-15-90 / 2, FPSF-15-100, FPSF-6S;

polypropylene: nonwoven PP, 17, nonwoven PP, 25, nonwoven PP, 40;

from polyamide: PA 6/66, PA 15/66.

When fully loaded, the number of pallets in the inventive device is 12 pcs.

The initial parameters for setting the mode are the initial temperature of the medium of the working volume of the heating chamber and the required heating temperature.

According to experimental data, to ensure uniform heating of the sheets of the processed material, the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the heating chamber should not exceed 5 ° C. The medium moves at a speed of 0.8 m / s.

Given these factors, to ensure the required operating mode, it is advisable to use a medium-pressure fan (VTs-14-46-4) in the design. The estimated fan capacity is 1300 m ³ / h. The working pressure of the fan used is 1.2 kPa, the pressure at the inlet to the flow into the chambers is 0.4 kPa.

To ensure the required operating mode of both heating chambers, it is necessary that the parameters of one heating element correspond to: power - 1 kW, dimensions 13 × 1000, length of the working area - 880 mm. The heating elements were connected to a three-phase 380 V network and combined into 3 groups: (6 + 6 + 3) kW. Connection type - star. The total number of heating elements - 15 pcs.

The device operates as follows.

At the start-up stage, the heating elements (heating elements) 33 of the device are turned on and the chambers 26 and 27 are heated to the required temperature in the specified mode. The heating is carried out by the flow of heated air supplied to the heating chamber 26 and 27 by the fan 5 through the shutters 37 and 38. The control of the electric drives 6 and 7 of the shutters 37 and 38 is carried out automatically according to the specified program. When the set temperature is reached in automatic mode, the supply fan 5 is turned off and a sound signal is triggered, notifying the operator of the readiness of the product for operation.

Heated in the rear section 28 (heating elements 33), the air flow, moving through the remaining sections of the device, provides convective heating in order to reduce heat loss during operation of the device, and provides heating of the walls of the sections forming the working volume of the heating chambers. Entering the heating chambers, it heats the pallets, and also heats the walls when it enters the rear, left and right sections.

Thermal cleaning operation

Before the operation of impregnating the microfiber matrix with a suspension of aluminum-based particles (to form a crystalline sorbent in its volume), it is desirable to carry out heat treatment to clean the matrix (non-woven fibrous material). To this end, the microfiber cloth webs are stacked in piles of 5 to 30 pieces in each stack and placed on pallets. The loading doors 13, 14 open. The pallets with the material are mounted on the rails 35 of the upper 29 and lower 30 chambers of the device. Doors are closing.

On the front panel of the control panel 16, the operating temperature is set from 80 to 120 ° C, and then the heating elements 33 and the device fan 5 are turned on. The temperature is controlled by the readings of the temperature sensor 11. After reaching the operating temperature, the processed material is maintained in the working chambers of the device for 8 hours. At the end of the heat treatment, the heating elements 33 of the device are turned off. Using the electric drive 10, the gate opens and the working medium after heat treatment with the help of the fan 5 is discharged into the external ventilation. After cooling the air, the fan 5 is turned off, the doors 13 and 14 open, the pallets with the processed material are removed, and the microfiber cloths are laid on the shelves.

Thermochemical treatment operation

On the front panel of the control panel 16, the operating temperature of the furnace is set from 50 to 90 ° C, then the heating elements 33 and the fan 5 of the device are turned on. The temperature is controlled by the readings of the temperature sensor 11. Cloths of a microfiber matrix coated with a suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum are placed on pallets, one sheet per pallet. After reaching the operating temperature in the furnace of at least 50 ° C, loading doors 13, 14 open. The pallets with the material are installed on the guides 35 of the upper 29 and lower 30 chambers of the device. Doors are closing. On the front panel of the control panel 16, the required humidity is set from 60 to 95%, then the steam generator 3 is turned on.

After reaching the operating temperature and humidity of the gas-vapor medium, the processed material is maintained in the working chambers of the device for 5-30 minutes. Temperature and humidity are controlled by the readings of the temperature sensor 11 and the humidity sensor 12. At the end of the thermochemical treatment, the heating elements 33 and the steam generator 3 are turned off. The electric gate 10 opens the gate and the reactive saturating atmosphere after the thermochemical treatment with the help of fan 5 is discharged into the external ventilation. After cooling the atmosphere of the chamber, fan 5 is turned off. Doors 13 and 14 open, pallets with sheets of material with formed crystalline sorbents in the volume of the microfiber matrix are removed from the oven and installed on racks.

Examples of the implementation of the method of thermochemical processing depending on the modes of its implementation

Example 1

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied to microfiber matrix sheets made of non-woven polymer material of the FPA-15-2.0 grade, then they were placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set at 50 ° C, humidity 70% and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 5 min After processing the web (s) of the microfiber matrix, with formed crystalline sorbents in its volume, was removed from the device and the degree of conversion of aluminum-based particles was determined. For this, 10 samples 10 × 10 cm in size were randomly cut from different sections of the finished material. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 2

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied to the microfiber matrix sheets made of non-woven polymer material of the FPA-15-2.0 G brand, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set to 80 ° C, humidity 85%, and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 10 min . Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 3

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied to microfiber matrix sheets made of non-woven polymer material of the FPA-15-4.0 grade, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set at 90 ° C, humidity 95%, and thermochemical treatment was performed in a reactive atmosphere for 15 minutes. Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 4

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied onto sheets of a microfiber matrix made of non-woven polymer material of the FPSF-6C grade, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set at 95 ° C, humidity 80%, and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 15 minutes. Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 5

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied to microfiber matrix sheets made of non-woven polymer material FPSF-15-1.5, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set to 85 ° C, humidity 95%, and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 20 minutes. Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 6

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied onto sheets of a microfiber matrix made of non-woven polymer material of the FPSF-15-100 brand, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set to 80 ° C, humidity 75%, and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 10 min. Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 7

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied onto microfiber matrix sheets made of nonwoven PP nonwoven polymer material, 17, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set at 110 ° C, humidity 60%, and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 25 minutes. Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 8

A suspension of nanosized particles based on aluminum was applied onto sheets of a microfiber matrix made of nonwoven polymer material of the grade PA 15/66, placed in the inventive device, the temperature was set to 70 ° C, humidity 85%, and thermochemical treatment was carried out in a reactive atmosphere for 25 min. Next, the manipulations were carried out as in example 1. The results are presented in table 1.

Table 1 The degree of conversion of nanosized particles based on aluminum Example No. one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Sample No. one 0.98 one one 0.96 one one 0.66 one 2 0.97 one one 0.95 one one 0.65 one 3 0.98 one one 0.97 one one 0.65 one four 0.98 one one 0.97 one one 0.64 one 5 0.99 one one 0.96 one one 0.66 one 6 0.98 one one 0.96 one one 0.65 one 7 0.97 one one 0.97 one one 0.65 one 8 0.98 one one 0.95 one one 0.64 one 9 0.97 one one 0.97 one one 0.65 one 10 0.98 one one 0.97 one one 0.65 one

According to example 1, the degree of conversion of nanosized particles based on aluminum is 0.97-0.98 due to the low temperature of the thermochemical treatment.

According to example 4, the degree of conversion of nanosized particles based on aluminum is 0.95-0.97 due to the high temperature of the thermochemical treatment.

According to example 7, the degree of conversion of nanosized particles based on aluminum is 0.64-0.66 due to the low humidity of the thermoset atmosphere and the high temperature inside the furnace.

For all other examples, the degree of conversion of nanosized particles based on aluminum is 1, since the thermochemical treatment was carried out at the optimum temperature, humidity, and sufficient reaction time.

Claims (19)

1. Device for heat treatment of a microfiber matrix containing a frame of six box-shaped elements, each of which has an internal cavity and is the left, right, upper, lower, back and dividing sections of the frame, in the walls of which holes and means for heating the working volume are made , limited by the frame, characterized in that it is equipped with a steam generator, a circuit for supplying a working medium in the form of steam, a gas-vapor mixture or air into the working volume and a fan for moving the working medium, when The separation section is installed in such a way that it divides the working volume of the device into two separate upper and lower heating chambers, and the working volumes of the heating chambers and the working volumes of the four sections are interconnected by a system of said openings for moving the working medium in the said circuit along the working volume of the frame sections and the working volume of the heating chambers. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings on the inner walls of the left and right sections forming the heating chambers are made horizontally extended in a slit-like shape, while said openings made in the walls of the left section are designed to supply a working medium to the heating chamber , and in the walls of the right section - for the removal of the working environment. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that for placement of pallets with the processed material in the immediate vicinity of the slit-shaped openings on the walls of the chamber, guides are made. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper and lower pipes of the steam supply circuit are placed inside the cavity of the left section, the upper pipe being located lower and along the slit-shaped holes made in the wall of the left section inside the upper heating chamber, and the lower pipe is located below and along the slit-shaped openings of the lower heating chamber. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that to ensure steam is supplied to the left section, the upper and lower pipes of the steam supply circuit are connected to the steam generator through electromagnetic valves installed on the outside of the pipeline. 6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the left section in its lower part a partition is made and upper and lower dampers are installed to restrict and / or direct the flow of the working medium to the upper or lower heating chambers or simultaneously to both chambers while the upper damper located in the middle of the section is installed below the upper pipe to ensure steam supply to the steam supply circuit in the upper heating chamber, and the lower damper located in the lower part of the section is installed below the lower pipe to provide feeds and steam to the steam supply circuit to the lower heating chamber. 7. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the lower right part and on the end rear wall of the upper section there are two rectangular holes, the first of which is designed to combine the working volume of the heating chambers and the cavity of the upper section, and the second, made on end rear wall and equipped with a damper, is designed to divert the working medium from the heating chambers or its circulation in the device. 8. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a hole is made in the upper part of the upper section to divert the exhausted working medium to the external ventilation circuit. 9. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for periodic communication with the external atmosphere in the upper end surface of the rear section, a slot-shaped hole is provided with a shutter. 10. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a means of heating the working volume of the chambers in the device used heating elements of a linear type, which are installed in the cavity of the rear section evenly over its entire height. 11. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fan is installed in the lower part of the rear section. 12. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the lower part of the rear section is placed the receiver of the working medium, which is connected to the fan, while the fan outlet is aligned with the duct having a conical shape, which in turn is connected to the left section through a slit-shaped hole made in the lower part of the left section. 13. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the outer surface of the upper section there is a ventilation gate designed to block the emission of gases into the ventilation. 14. The method of heat treatment of a microfiber matrix, comprising heating a microfiber matrix containing on the surface and in its volume pre-deposited nanosized particles based on aluminum, characterized in that the matrix is heated in the upper and lower chambers of the heating device according to one of claims 1 to 13 in a humid saturating reactive atmosphere and under convective heating conditions, while ensuring uniform heating and formation of a crystalline sorbent in it simultaneously both over the entire surface and in bulk I microfiber matrix. 15. The method according to 14, characterized in that in order to create a saturating reactive atmosphere, steam is supplied into the heating chamber with the sheets of said matrix placed therein and the formed vapor-gas mixture is moved at a speed of at least 0.8 m / s. 16. The method according to 14 or 15, characterized in that the thermochemical treatment is carried out at a temperature of from 50 to 90 ° C, preferably 60-80 ° C, and humidity from 60 to 95%, preferably 70-95%. 17. The method according to 14, characterized in that in addition to the operation of applying nanosized particles based on aluminum on said microfiber matrix, it is heat treated to clean and activate the surface of its fibers at a temperature of from 80 to 120 ° C, preferably 90-100 ° C, and for at least 8 hours. 18. The method according to 14, characterized in that before the thermal and / or thermochemical treatment of the microfiber matrix is carried out, the heating chamber is heated to a temperature of at least 80 ° C, using heated air as a heat carrier. 19. The method according to 14, characterized in that as the microfiber matrix use non-woven polymer fibrous material having a predominantly sheet or web form and formed from at least one layer of the aforementioned material containing nanosized particles based on its surface and in volume aluminum.

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