RU2541886C2 - System for electronic jamming of radio communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering and specifically to electronic jamming of electronic equipment, particularly radio communication equipment with pseudo-random operating frequency adjustment, and can be used to jam shipborne and airborne radio communication equipment. The electronic jamming system comprises airborne receiving antenna, input microwave amplifier, microwave splitter, amplitude detector, probing signal analysis unit, interference former, microwave switch, power amplifier and transmitting antenna, carrier frequency meter, phase-shift keying detector, memory unit, switching control signal, satellite radio navigation system signal receiver, device for determining coordinates of carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the jammed radio communication system and a computer.

EFFECT: high efficiency of electronic jamming and low requirements for energy potential of the system.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to radio engineering, and in particular to electronic suppression (REP) by active interference of radio electronic means (RES), in particular radio communications with pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency, and can be used to suppress ship and aircraft radio communications.

Known means of REP RES implemented in an automatic active jamming station, protected by RF patent for the invention No. 2103705, class. G01S 7/38, 1994, in the station of masking and impulse noise, protected by the RF patent for utility model No. 29818, class. H04K 3/00, G01S 7/38, 2002 and in the active jamming station, protected by the RF patent for utility model No. 29198, cl. H04K 3/00, G01S 7/38, 2002. The operation of all these analogs is based on the reception of a sounding information signal, reproduction of its carrier frequency, the formation of noise interference at this frequency, its amplification and radiation in the direction of the suppressed means. In their general part, all of these analogues contain a receiving and transmitting antenna, microwave amplifiers, a unit for detecting and analyzing a sounding information signal, and an interference driver. All of these elements are essential features of the claimed complex REP radio communication system.

The reason that impedes the achievement of the technical result provided by the invention in these analogs is the relatively narrow frequency range of suppression of RES. The extension of this range makes the required energy potential of the interference station so large that the station becomes unrealizable. Otherwise, the REP becomes ineffective.

Of these analogues, the closest in technical essence to the claimed complex REP radio communication system (prototype) is an automatic jamming station, protected by RF patent for the invention No. 2103705, class. G01S 7/38, 1994. It contains the receiving and transmitting antennas installed on the aircraft, a microwave splitter, a carrier short-term reproducing device, two microwave amplifiers, two microwave splitters, a microwave switch, a probe signal analysis unit, an interference shaper , an amplitude detector, a phase modulator, a prohibition element, modulating voltage drivers, a control and temporary programming device, and a gate and modulating pulse generator.

The receiving and transmitting antennas, a microwave splitter, microwave amplifiers, a microwave switch, an amplitude detector, a probe signal analysis unit, and an interference shaper are also included in the inventive complex of a REP radio communication system.

The reasons that impede the achievement in the prototype of the technical result provided by the invention are its relatively low efficiency and difficulty of implementation. This is especially true when suppressing systems with pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency (MFC).

The fact is that these systems have a fairly wide range of tuning of the operating frequency, so the formation and emission of noise interference in this entire range is extremely difficult. It should also be noted that the suppressed receiver, as a rule, moves in space relative to the interference station, and, in principle, can be at a sufficiently large distance from the interference station. In this case, the interference power at the receiver input directly decreases in proportion to the square of this distance, and with it the efficiency of its suppression also decreases.

In most cases, it is extremely difficult or even impossible to realize sufficient suppression of the power potential of an interference station.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of the REB and reduce the requirements for the energy potential of the complex.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the complex of the radio communication system contains the receiving antenna installed on the aircraft, an input microwave amplifier, a series-connected microwave splitter, an amplitude detector and a probe signal analysis unit, an interference shaper, a microwave switch and a series-connected power amplifier and a transmitting antenna, a carrier frequency meter is introduced, the input of which is connected to the second output of the microwave splitter, and the output to the second inputs of the probe signal analysis unit and jammer, connected by its first input to the output of the probe signal analysis block, a phase-shift detector, whose input is connected to the third output of the microwave splitter, and the output - with the third input of the probe signal analysis block, a memory block, the first, second and third outputs of which connected respectively to the fourth, fifth and sixth inputs of the probe signal analysis unit, a switching control signal shaper, the output of which is connected to a control input of a microwave switch connected to m signal input to the output of the jammer, and the output to the input of the power amplifier, the signal receiver of satellite radio navigation systems, the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system and the computer, the first input of which is connected to the output of the receiver of satellite radio navigation systems, the second and third inputs - respectively, with the first and second outputs of the determinant of the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system, and the output with the input of the control system the motion of the carrier of the complex of the REP complex of the radio communication system, while the input microwave amplifier is connected between the receiving antenna and the input of the microwave splitter.

The totality of the newly introduced elements and links together with the remaining elements and links of the complex does not follow explicitly from the prior art. There are no sources of information in which the specified set of elements and links independently or in conjunction with other elements and links of the proposed complex would be described. This allows us to consider the claimed complex REP radio communication system new and having an inventive step.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:
- figure 1 - the relative position of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system and the carrier of the complex of the REP of the radio communication system;
- figure 2 is a structural diagram of the inventive complex REP radio communication system. Figure 1 adopted the following notation:
1 - carrier of the suppressed radio communication system;
2 - carrier of the suppressed radio communication system;
3 - carrier complex REP radio communication system;
R is the smallest possible distance
D is the distance between the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system.
between the carriers of the REP complex and the receiver of the suppressed radio communication system.
Figure 2 adopted the following notation:
4 - a signal receiver of satellite radio navigation systems;
5 - the determinant of the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system;
6 - calculator;
7 - receiving antenna;
8 - input microwave amplifier;
9 - microwave splitter;
10 - amplitude detector;
11 - memory block; 12 - measuring carrier frequency;
13 - determinant of the presence of phase manipulation;
14 - block analysis of the sounding signal;
15 - shaper control signal switching;
16 - jammer;
17 - microwave switch;
18 - power amplifier;
19 - transmitting antenna.

As carrier 1, for example, a long-range radar detection aircraft (AWACS) with a transmitter of the suppressed Jitids system can be used (Klimenko N.N. Foreign Radio Electronics, Part 2. - M.: Radio and Communication, 1988, No. 5, p. .85-96), as a carrier 2 - a surface ship on which one of the receivers of this system is installed, and as carrier 3 - a helicopter or an unmanned aerial vehicle, on which a complex of a REP system of a radio communication system operating in automatic mode is installed.

The inventive complex REP radio communication system contains a receiver of 4 signals of satellite radio navigation systems, a determinant of 5 coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system. a calculator 6, a receiving antenna 7 connected in series, an input microwave amplifier 8, a microwave splitter 9, an amplitude detector 10 and a probe signal analysis unit 14, a memory unit 11, a carrier frequency meter 12, a phase shift key determinant 13, a switching control signal generator 15 and sequentially included jammer 16, the microwave switch 17, the power amplifier 18 and the transmitting antenna 19.

The first input of the calculator 6 is connected to the output of the receiver 4 signals of satellite radio navigation systems, the second and third inputs, respectively, with the first and second outputs of the determinant 5 of the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system, and the output is connected to the input of the carrier control system of the complex of the REP radio communication system ( media movement 3). The input of the carrier frequency meter 12 is connected to the second output of the microwave splitter 9. and the output is connected to the second inputs of the probe signal analysis unit 14 and the jammer 16, the first input of which is connected to the output of the probe signal analysis unit 14. The input of the phase shift keying determiner 13 is connected to the third output of the microwave splitter 9, and the output is connected to the third input of the probe signal analysis block 14, the fourth, fifth, and sixth inputs of which are connected to the first, second, and third outputs of the memory block 11. The output of the driver 15 the switching control signal is connected to the control input of the microwave switch 17.

The work of the complex REP radio communication system is as follows.

The signal receiver of satellite radio navigation systems 4 is an automatic radio navigator of satellite radio navigation systems (see, for example, Rembovsky AM and others. Radio monitoring: tasks, methods, means. - M .: Hot line-Telecom. - 2006, p. 337-340, Fig. 8.17, 8.19, 8.20 or Bakitko RV Combined 16-channel GLONASS + GPS navigation receiver. - Communication systems, television and radio broadcasting. - M.: 2001, No. 2, 3, p.15-17 or module SN-4607 website http: //www.navis. or Zaitsev S.GPS website GPS-803-DNDF receiver based on SiRFstar II chips and ZIPPY antenna TECHNOLOGY - mailto: semilond@pitm.ru). This receiver receives signals from the indicated systems and determines the coordinates, direction and speed of the carrier 3. Using these parameters, the indicated parameters and speed go to the first input of the calculator 6, all of whose inputs are multi-channel.

The determinant 5 of the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system continuously measures the coordinates of the carriers 1 and 2 relative to the carrier 3. It is a coordinate meter for moving targets, for example, a pulse-Doppler radar station (see, for example, Belotserkovsky GB Basics of radar and radar devices. - M .: Sov. Radio, 1975, p.302 or Designing of radio receivers. / Under the editorship of L.P.Sivers. - M: Sov. Radio, 1976, p. 98, fig. 2.49) . Measured by the determinant 5, the coordinates of the carrier 1 with the transmitter and carrier 2 with the receiver of the suppressed radio communication system are respectively supplied to the second and third inputs of the calculator 6.

The computer 6 under the action of the signals received at its inputs generates such a signal for controlling the movement of the carrier 3, under which the carrier 3 is constantly held on the line "carrier 1 - carrier 2" at the minimum possible distance R from carrier 2. At the same time, the receiving antenna 7 mounted on the carrier 3 complex REP radio communication systems (see, for example, Klimenko NN VHF radio stations: status, development prospects, features of the application of the frequency hopping mode. Foreign radio electronics, part 2. - M .: Ra .. UQ and communications, 1990, №8, 25, Table 2) is a vibrator diskokonusnaja omnidirectional, and the transmitting antenna 19 - directed at the carrier 2 repressed radio receiver system.

A transmitter of the suppressed radio communication system mounted on the carrier 1 generates, amplifies, and radiates in the desired directions, including in the direction of the carrier 2, a probing information signal, which is a radio pulse of a phase-shifted signal with a duration of about 6 μs and a repetition period of about 25 μs. The carrier frequency of these pulses varies stepwise from pulse to pulse according to a pseudo-random law in the range of about 250 MHz with a step of at least 5 MHz (about 50 fixed frequencies). Each of the radio pulses is a sequence of about 30 packages with a duration of 0.2 μs each carrier frequency, and each package corresponds to 1 or 0, which is determined by phase shift keying. Thus, the information in the probing information signal is transmitted due to its phase manipulation.

In block 11 of the memory contains a catalog of parameters of the suppressed means, within which it is possible to change the parameters of the probing information signal.

In the complex of the REP radio communication system, the probing information signal emitted by the carrier transmitter 1 is received by the receiving antenna 7, amplified by the input microwave amplifier 8, and fed through the microwave splitter 9 to the inputs of the amplitude detector 10 and the inputs of the carrier frequency meter 12 and the phase shift detector 13.

Amplitude detector 10 converts the radio signal received at its input into a video signal, that is, it extracts an envelope from it (see, for example, L. Gassanov and others. Solid-state microwave devices in communication technology. - M .: Radio and communication, 1988, p. .103-104. Fig. 4.4 or Radio receivers. / Under the editorship of Chistyakov NN - M .: Radio communication, 1986, S. 139-143, Fig. 5.4). The detection result, that is, the video signal, is fed to the first input of the analysis unit of the probe signal 14 for further processing.

The carrier frequency meter 12 measures the carrier frequency of the received sounding information signal. The measurement result from the output of the carrier frequency meter 12 in the form of a digital code is fed to the second inputs of the probe signal analysis block 14, which is part of a personal computer (see, for example, V. Figurnov, IBM PC for the user. St. Petersburg: Koruna JSC, 1994 , p. 25-57) and shaper 16 interference (see, for example, Gassanov LG and other Solid-state microwave devices in communication technology - M .: Radio and communications, 1988, S. 234-250, Fig. 9.2 and 9.15).

The determinant 13 for the presence of phase shift keying checks whether the received sounding information signal is endowed with phase shift keying, that is, whether there are abrupt changes in the signal phase by phase (see, for example, Rembovsky AM and other radio monitoring: tasks, methods, tools. - M. : Hotline - Telecom, 2006, p. 207-220, fig. 6.3, 6.4-6-6.19, as well as p. 220-236, fig. 6.20. 6.21, 6.22-6.42; L. Gassanov and other Solid-state devices Microwave in Communication Technology. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1988, pp. 104-110, Fig. 4.5 and 4.6). The result of this analysis in the form of a signal corresponding to a logical "0" or logical "1", from the output of the determinant of the presence of phase manipulation 13, is fed to the third input of the analysis unit of the probe signal 14.

In the analysis block of the probing signal 14, the duration τ and the period T of the following probing radio pulses are determined from the video signal. The measurement results of these parameters are converted to digital form for convenience of further handling. From the first output of the memory unit 11, the admissible (maximum and minimum) values of the carrier frequency, within which the carrier frequency of the probe radio pulse can be located, are received at the fourth input of the probe analysis unit 14.

Similarly, from the second output of memory block 11, the permissible values of duration τ are supplied to the fifth input of the block of analysis of the probe signal 14, and from the third output of memory block 11 to the sixth input of block 14, the valid values of the period of the probing radio pulse, the direction and speed of the carrier 3. and the speed along each of the coordinates goes to the first input of the calculator 6, all of whose inputs are multi-channel.

In the analysis block of the probe signal 14, the presence of phase manipulation in the received probe information signal is checked and the actual parameters of the received probe signal match the catalog. If there is phase manipulation and the actual parameters of the received probe signal match the catalog values, a decision is made on the electronic suppression of the probe signal source, and the probe signal analysis unit 14 generates a corresponding command, which comes from its output to the first input of the jammer 16.

On this command, the shaper 16 begins to generate interfering signals, which are unmodulated harmonic signals at all frequencies found in the spectrum of the received sounding information signal of radio communications with pseudo-random tuning of the radio frequency. Generators of interfering signals can be made on the basis of integrated frequency synthesizers with PLL (see, for example, Belov L. Electronics: science, technology, business, 2004, No. 3, p. 44). Codes of frequencies found in the spectrum of the probing signal are fed to the second input of the driver 16. All interference signals are generated simultaneously. When new carrier frequencies appear in the spectrum of the received sounding signal, the corresponding new interference signals are added to the generated ones. However, with a prolonged (within 5-10 milliseconds) absence of this carrier frequency in the spectrum of the received signal, signal generation at this frequency ceases. The generated interference signals are summed, and the result of the summation through the microwave switch 17 (this element will be discussed below) is fed to the input of the power amplifier 18.

In the amplifier 18, the total interference signal is amplified, and with the help of the transmitting antenna 19, the amplification result is radiated in the direction of the suppressed receiver on the carrier 2.

As an amplifier 18 and antenna 19, it is advisable to use two active fifty-vibrator phased antenna arrays (see, for example, Zhuk M.S., Molochkov Yu.B. - M.-L .: Energia, 1966, p. 171, Fig. 3.1. ) with a radiation pattern in the vertical and horizontal planes of 19 ° and 11.5 °, respectively, a gain of 21 dB, a spatial viewing sector of 180 °, a width of 1.2 m and a height of 0.7 m each. At the same time, the use of solid-state amplifiers with an output power of 20 W in the gratings provides the energy potential of the gratings of at least 10 ⁵ W (see, for example, the website of ZAO Microwave Systems http://www.mv.systems.ru and A. Kishchinsky Electronics: science, Technology, Business, 2010, No. 2, Fig. 1 and 2). Grid beams are controlled by phase shifters and switches (see, for example, product catalogs of Mikran NPF, Tomsk, website http://www.mik.ran.ru and Elisra HERLEY General Microwave ISRAEL, website http: // www .mw_elusra.com).

The generator control signal switching 15 generates a periodic control signal of a rectangular shape lasting about three milliseconds with a repetition period of about three seconds, which comes from its output to the control input of the microwave switch 17.

The microwave switch 17 under the influence of this signal makes short pauses in the emission of interfering signals. This makes it possible to carry out “additional reconnaissance” of the probing information signal, that is, to determine whether the radiation has ceased and the carrier frequencies have not changed. In the latter case, the frequencies of the interfering signals change accordingly.

The interfering signals emitted by the transmitting antenna 19 together with the probing information radio pulses are fed to the input of the suppressed receiver mounted on the carrier 2. As a result, at the input of the suppressed receiver, together with each of the probing information radio pulses, an uninterrupted unmodulated continuous signal acts for the entire period of about six microseconds at the same frequency, but without phase manipulation.

With a significant energy excess of the interfering signal over the information one, it is not possible to decode the probing information signal.

Let us evaluate the coefficient K _{P of the} excess of the interfering signal over the probing information for the typical parameters of the suppressed means and the complex of electronic components and their relative position:

PG _P = 3 · 10 ⁴ W is the energy potential of the suppressed communication system,

where P = 3 kW - transmitter power,

G _P = 10 - gain antenna;

PG _REP = 10 ⁵ W is the energy potential of the complex REP,

Where P = 10 kW - transmitter power,

G _REP = 10 - antenna gain;

γ _P = 0.5 - coefficient of mismatch of the polarization of the suppressed and interference signals;

Δf = 250 MHz is the tuning range of the carrier frequencies of the probing information signal;

Δf _ave = 5 MHz - bandwidth suppressed receiver system;

D = 150,000 m - distance "carrier 1 - carrier 2";

R = 5000 m - distance "carrier 2 - carrier 3".

The calculation of the coefficient K _P can be made by the formula:

$$K_P=\frac{P{G}_{REP}\cdot {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="00000004.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}^2\cdot \Delta f_{PR}\cdot {\gamma }_P}{P{G}_P\cdot {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R"\; filenames="00000004.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}^2\cdot \Delta f}.$$

Substituting the numerical values, we obtain:

$$K_P=\frac{{10}^5\cdot {\mathrm{150,000}}^2\cdot 5\cdot 0,5}{3\cdot {10}^{\mathrm{four}}\cdot {5000}^2\cdot 250}=\mathrm{thirty.}$$

Thus, the coefficient of excess of the interference signal over the probing information signal is K _P = 30, that is, 14.8 dB, which is quite enough to effectively suppress the latter.

It should be noted that in the prototype the distance R between carriers 2 and 3 is not controlled in any way and in the general case can significantly exceed 5 km. It can be, for example, (50 ÷ 100) km. In this case, the suppression coefficient will not exceed the values of 0.075 ÷ 0.03, which is completely insufficient to ensure any effectiveness of the interference effect or requires such an energy potential of the REP complex of the radio communication system that its implementation becomes impossible.

In addition, in the prototype, the interference is continuously emitted, which does not allow any signals to be received during the emission of interference due to the limited isolation between the receiving and transmitting antennas of the interference station. This further reduces the effectiveness of suppressing the radio communication system if, during exposure to interference, all carrier frequencies or part of them in the probing information signal are changed.

In the claimed complex of the REP radio communication system by minimizing the distance R between the carriers 2 and 3 and the introduction of the shaper control signal switching 15 and the microwave switch 17, ensuring the presence of short-term pauses in the emission of interfering signals, these shortcomings are absent.

In accordance with the foregoing, we can conclude that the effectiveness of the proposed complex REP radio communication system is higher than that of the prototype, while its implementation requires less than the implementation of the prototype energy potential.

The proposed complex REP radio communication system is quite easy to implement. As a signal receiver of satellite radio navigation systems 4 can be used, for example, the CHC CH-47 module, which is a 24-channel navigation receiver that provides reception and processing of SNS GLONASS, GPS and SBAS signals. As a determinant of 5 coordinates of carriers 1 and 2, a commercially available pulse-Doppler radar can be used, which determines the coordinates of rapidly moving targets. As the calculator 6 can serve as a standard PC, programmed to solve navigation problems.

The remaining components of the complex REP radio communication systems can be implemented on the basis of the same elements as the above counterparts - jamming stations protected by RF patents Nos. 2103705, 29818 and 29198.

Claims (1)

A complex of electronic suppression of a radio communication system, comprising a receiving antenna mounted on an aircraft, an input microwave amplifier, a serially connected microwave splitter, an amplitude detector and a probe signal analysis unit, an interference shaper, a microwave switch and a series-connected power amplifier and transmitting antenna, characterized in that a carrier frequency meter is introduced into it, the input of which is connected to the second output of the microwave splitter, and the output to the second inputs of the probe analysis unit a needle and a shaper of noise, connected by its first input to the output of the probe signal analysis block, a phase-shift detector, the input of which is connected to the third output of the microwave splitter, and the output to the third input of the probe signal analysis block, memory block, first, second, and third the outputs of which are connected respectively to the fourth, fifth and sixth inputs of the probe signal analysis block, a switching control signal shaper, the output of which is connected to the control input of the microwave switch, by its signal input to the output of the jammer, and the output to the input of the power amplifier, the receiver of signals from satellite radio navigation systems, the determinant of the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system and the computer, the first input of which is connected to the output of the receiver of signals from satellite radio navigation systems, the second and third inputs - respectively, with the first and second outputs of the determinant of the coordinates of the carriers of the transmitter and receiver of the suppressed radio communication system, and the output with the input of the system s movement carrier control complex REP radio communication system, wherein the input of the microwave amplifier is connected between the receiving antenna and the input of the microwave coupler.

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