RU2541657C2 - Worm extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: extruder consists of six integral parts. The last sixth part of the worm is twice shorter than other parts. On the end of the shortened shaft of the sixth part the washers of high and low pressure are installed. On the end of shafts of the third, fourth and fifth parts of the worm the thermowashers are installed additionally.

EFFECT: improved quality of ready product.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the feed industry and can be used in the constructions of the screw part of the extruder, designed to increase the separation of oil and remove anti-nutritional substances from soybean grain.

An extruder screw is known, consisting of a screw shaft with several screw elements removably mounted or mounted on it, the screw shaft having an external gear ring, and the screw elements having an inner gear ring that engages with it, the tooth profile of the outer and inner gear rings being asymmetric moreover, with respect to the preferred direction of rotation of the screw, the torque-transmitting lateral surfaces of the teeth of the outer and inner gear rims are located at a smaller angle to the normal m to the rotational axis than the respective opposite side surfaces of the outer and inner toothed crowns of the teeth, the smaller the angle is between 0 and 5 °, and the larger the angle - between 45 and 15 °.

(RF patent No. 2354553, B29C 47/40).

The disadvantage of this screw extruder is the design complexity, insufficient removal of fat and the inability to inactivate anti-nutritional substances in soybean grain.

The closest in technical essence is a screw extruder containing a screw housing, on the inner surface of which guide grooves are made, inside of which there is a screw with a threaded thread, a loading device and a head in the form of a nozzle for installing a die on the end of the screw housing, and at the end of the screw from the side matrix guiding grooves are made, and at the end of the inner surface of the housing from the matrix side there is a screw thread, and the direction of the screw thread on the inner surface casing opposite the direction of the screw thread on the screw (RF patent No. 2306775, A23P 1/12).

A significant drawback of this design is that when using a standard screw with an oil separating nozzle for soybean extrusion, insufficient fat removal and a low temperature, which prevented the inactivation of anti-nutritional substances in the soybean grain, were revealed.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to obtain a product of the required quality (fat less than 20% and 0.1-0.2 pH) with increasing pressure and temperature in the screw part of the extruder.

The technical result is achieved in that the screw consists of six integral parts, the last sixth part of the screw being two times shorter than the remaining parts, with a high washer and a low pressure washer installed on the end of the shortened shaft of the sixth part, and at the end of the shafts of the third, fourth and fifth parts augers are additionally installed with thermal washers, which allows to obtain a product of the required quality.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, in Fig.1 which shows the screw part of the extruder.

The screw extruder contains a prefabricated housing 1, in which there are three thermowells 6, 7, 8, six integral screw parts 2 assembled and one half-doubled screw part 3. At the exit of the extruder, a low pressure washer 5 and a high pressure washer 4 are installed. At the exit, instead of the collection case 1, an oil separating nozzle 9 is installed, on which a tray for collecting oil 10 is fixed.

Screw extruder operates as follows. Soybean grains are fed into the assembly screw part 2, which is installed in the housing 1. Next, part of the collection screw 2, the soybean grains are fed to the thermal washer 6. Due to the minimum clearance between the thermal washer 6 and the housing 1, the pressure and temperature of the product inside the barrel of the extruder increase. Next, the soybean grain is fed to the next thermal washer 7 of the collection screw 2. In this part, the pressure and temperature increase even more and the soybean grain moves to the next part of the collection screw 2, falling on the thermal plate 8, where the pressure and temperature increase to the maximum limits (up to 130 ° C) Next, the soybean grain from the whole part and the collection screw 2 falls onto the half-cut part of the collection screw 3 and then onto the low-pressure washer 5 and the high-pressure washer 4, which produce oil separation from extruded soy. The oil through the oil separation nozzle 9 enters the tray for collecting oil 10.

The product obtained as a result of this design of the screw of the extruder has an acceptable percentage of fat content (18-19%), the degree of urease inactivation is 0.1-0.2 pH, which corresponds to zootechnical standards. The resulting product on a modernized screw has a more pleasant aroma and taste, as a result of which it is better eaten by animals.

Claims (1)

A screw extruder comprising a screw housing, inside which a screw with a threaded thread is installed, characterized in that the screw consists of six integral parts, the last sixth part of the screw being two times shorter than the remaining parts, and a high washer and a washer are installed on the end of the shortened shaft of the sixth part low pressure, and on the shafts between the third, fourth and fifth parts of the screw, additional thermal washers are installed, which allows to obtain a product of the required quality.