RU2541544C1 - Method of purifying liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: block-modular coalescent filter is used to split a stream into two separation zones of different volume, the first zone for primary purification and the second zone for final purification; in the first, larger primary separation zone, the flow rate of the liquid stream is reduced by expanding the stream and the stream is fed for further energy dissipation into variable-cross-section collectors with slit-type gaps of different cross-section, equipped with internal deflectors of different size and bending radius, after which the stream is split by gravitation into phases which are removed from the primary separation zone; the primary-purified liquid with oil product residues is fed through the block-modular coalescent filter into the secondary separation zone for final purification, where the stream is also split by gravitation into phases which are removed from the secondary separation zone; when pressure drop on the block-modular coalescent filter increases, the liquid stream is automatically fed into the secondary separation zone in a filter bypass, through protective devices.

EFFECT: efficiency and reliability with prolonged operation without stopping the apparatus for repairs for filter replacement.

3 dwg

Description

The method of purification of liquids from pollution refers to the utilities and fuel and energy complex and can be used to purify industrial, waste, recycled, storm water, including oil-contaminated, in the oil, oil refining, petrochemical and other industries where liquid purification is required from oil, oil products and other organics of mineral origin, as well as from suspended particles.

The well-known "Method for the separation of liquid emulsions and a device for its implementation" according to patent RU 2456050 from 11.22.2010, published: 07/20/2012, IPC B01D 17/022, including passing the flow of the emulsion through a device containing a housing equipped with a pipe for supplying the original emulsion, although would be two nozzles for separate output of the components of the emulsion, and at least one filter unit located inside the housing containing layers of filtering coalescent material, while the filter unit is used to divide the volume of the housing into upper and lower parts, In this case, the nozzles for supplying the initial emulsion and the output of one of the components of the emulsion are located in the upper part of the housing above the filter unit, the outlet pipe for the second component of the emulsion is located in the lower part of the housing under the filter unit, and the housing is made containing an external supporting structure, made with the possibility of arranging the housing at operation so that the filter unit is located horizontally, or with the possibility of arranging the housing during operation so that the filter unit located with a rise in the direction of transmission of the emulsion.

This method is designed only for the separation of two component emulsions, moreover, effective separation is provided only when separating an emulsion of the type "water in oil", and when applying an emulsion of the type "oil in water" there is no effective purification.

The method does not prevent the failure of the filter during volley throws emulsions with heavy, viscous petroleum products.

The closest technical solution is the "Method of organizing the separation of liquid emulsions and a device for its implementation" according to patent RU 2455047 of 08.16.2010, published on: 07/10/2012, IPC B01D 17/022, including passing emulsions through a device for separating liquid emulsions, used as the last device containing a sealed housing made in the form of a hollow cylindrical shell with covers, equipped with a pipe for supplying a stream of the original emulsion, at least two pipes for separate output of flows of components of the em Ulsia, and at least one filtering unit permeable to flows located inside the housing, containing at least one layer of filtering coalescent material, in addition, the housing of the device for separating liquid emulsions located in space in such a way that the angle of deviation of the plane of the layers of filtering material from the vertical was not lower than the angle of outflow of the separated liquid, and the filtering unit of the device is in the form of a support frame of a rectangular shape, the outer edges of the frame are hermetically sealed attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical shell of the housing and to the inner surfaces of the housing covers, while the filter unit of the device is placed parallel to the axis of symmetry of the housing and perpendicular to the housing covers.

With this method, the flow of incoming liquid is uneven, the separation of 3-component emulsions is impossible due to the separation into zones, the absence of a primary separation zone.

The implementation of this method significantly reduces the separation efficiency of the emulsion, since it requires frequent replacement of filters to maintain operability, since the attachment of hermetically external edges of the frame to the inner surface of the cylindrical shell of the housing and to the inner surfaces of the housing covers, when salvos are thrown in emulsions with heavy, viscous oil products, does not allow to divert the flow from the filter, which is quickly clogged by viscous components, is destroyed and must be replaced.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is the effective and reliable cleaning of liquids from petroleum organic pollutants in a wide range of viscosities of pollutants, from light hydrocarbons to heavy, highly viscous organic media.

The problem is solved by a method of purifying a liquid from contaminants by passing a liquid stream through layers of filtering coalescence material formed into a block-modular coalescent filter, while the block-modular coalescent filter separates the stream into two different volumes of the separation zone, the first coarse cleaning zone and the second finishing area; in the first, larger primary separation zone, they reduce the speed of the fluid flow by expanding the flow and direct it to further extinguish the energy in the collectors of variable cross-section with slotted gaps of different cross-sections equipped with internal deflectors of different sizes and bending radius, after which the flow is separated by gravity into phases that are diverted from the primary separation zone; the crude liquid with residual oil is sent through a block-modular coalescent filter to the secondary separation zone of the final treatment, where the flow is also separated by gravity into phases that are diverted from the secondary separation zone; when the pressure drop across the modular coalescent filter increases, the fluid flow is automatically diverted to the secondary separation zone, bypassing the filter, through protective devices.

Separation of the flow by a block-modular coalescence filter into two different volumes of the separation zone, damping of energy in collectors of variable cross-section with slotted gaps of different cross-sections, equipped with internal deflectors of different sizes and bending radius, and automatic removal through protective devices to the secondary separation zone, bypassing the filter, fluid flow when recording an increase in pressure drop on a block-modular coalescence filter provides long-term implementation of the method, allows efficient and reliable o, without stopping at the repair device for filter replacement, cleaning fluid from the oil of organic contaminants in the broad range of viscosities pollutants from light hydrocarbons to heavy high organic media.

Carry out a method of purification of liquids from pollution as follows.

The method of purification of liquids from contaminants is carried out by the device depicted in the drawings, where Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the device, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a soothing and distribution unit, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a coalescent filter assembly with protective devices.

Figure 1, 2, 3 shows: input 1 of contaminated liquid, manhole 2, pipe 3 for output of oil, pipe 4 for a device for measuring the level of oil in the primary separation zone, pipe 5 for output of purified water, pipe 6 for discharge of sludge, drainage 7, wash water inlet 8, air pipe 9, backup pipe 10, block-modular coalescent filter 11, reassurance and distribution unit 12, partition 13, manhole 14 end, supports 15, expander 16, housing 17, primary zone 18 separation, zone 19 of the secondary separation, the lower wall 20 (between casing and filter), pipe 21 for a pressure measuring device, pipe 22 for a device for measuring the level of oil in the secondary separation zone, zone 23 for collecting oil after the primary separation, zone 24 for collecting oil in the secondary separation zone, hydraulic washout manifold 25, distribution manifolds 26, partitions lateral 27 with protective devices 30, zone 28 for settling suspended particles, pipe 29 for output of oil after secondary separation, protective devices 30, deflectors 31, slotted gaps 32.

The method of purification of liquids from contaminants is as follows.

In the implementation of the proposed method, the flow is separated by a block-modular coalescent filter 11 into two different volumes of the separation zone, the first, large coarse cleaning zone 18 and the second, smaller finishing zone 19.

Dividing the contaminated liquid flow in this way allows, in a larger volume zone 18, to purify the flow primarily from the bulk of the oil product, as well as mechanical impurities and suspended particles, prior to forcing through the block-modular coalescent filter 11, which significantly increases the overhaul life of the entire device without filter replacement and allows you to make the zone 19 of the final cleaning smaller.

Through input 1, the oil-contaminated liquid is supplied to a unit 12 provided with an expander 16, due to which the velocity of the fluid flow and its direction are reduced.

Further, the reduction (quenching) of the kinetic energy of the flow and the uniform flow of oil-contaminated liquid into the primary separation zone 18, to accelerate gravity separation, is provided by two manifolds 26 of variable distribution cross-section with slot gaps 32 of different cross-sections, equipped with internal deflectors 31 of different sizes and bending radius (Fig. 2).

In the primary separation zone 18, where the pressure is monitored by the device 21, the flow delaminates naturally due to phase gravity. Pop-up oil products from the primary separation zone 18 are moved to the upper part of the apparatus to the zone 23, separated from the secondary separation zone 19 by a partition 13.

A phase separation level measuring device (not shown) installed on the nozzle of the nozzle 4 constantly monitors zone 23 for the presence of an oil product and, when it is detected, gives a warning signal, and when accumulated in a volume of more than 15 m ^{3 it} gives a signal to automatically exit the apparatus through nozzle 3.

The output of the caught oil product is carried out through an electromagnetic valve (not shown) mounted on the nozzle of the nozzle 3. When performing the operation to remove (extrude) the oil, with a minimum indication of the device on the nozzle 4 of the phase separation level, a signal is sent to stop the removal.

Suspended substances in the form of sludge from the primary separation zone 18 are moved and settled in the sludge zone 28 in the lower part of the apparatus, limited by the lower partition 20, between the housing and the filter.

The output of the sludge through the drain pipes 6 is carried out periodically, as they accumulate, supplying washing water through the inlet 8 to the pipes of the hydraulic wash collector 25, equipped with inclined nozzles with nozzles (not shown in the drawings).

Uniform withdrawal of sludge from the zone is ensured by the arrangement of two discharge pipes 6 for discharge of sludge on the horizontal part of the housing 17 in zone 28 of the sludge, one of which is located in the middle, and the second at the end of the zone 28 of sludge sediment

Coarse purified water with the remains of the emulsified oil product then enters through the block-modular coalescent filter 11 into the secondary separation zone 19, for final water treatment, where due to coarsening of the oil particles, the gravitational separation occurs much faster, which makes zone 19 secondary separation half that of the primary separation zone 18.

An instrument for measuring the phase separation level installed on the nozzle of the nozzle 22 constantly monitors the zone 24 in the secondary separation zone for the presence of an oil product and, when detected, gives an appropriate signal to its output through the nozzle 29.

In the case of an increase in the pressure drop across the block-modular coalescence filter 11, with volley discharge of emulsions contaminated with heavy, viscous oil products, the fluid flow through the protective devices 30 is automatically diverted to the secondary separation zone 19 bypassing the filter 11, which briefly reduces the performance of the device, but prevents decommissioning of the entire device due to the failure of the block-modular coalescent filter 11, which significantly increases the period of overhaul during technical cleaning minutes, waste, recycled, storm water including organic contaminants from oil in a wide range of viscosities pollutants from light hydrocarbons to heavy high organic media.

The purified water from zone 19 through the pipe 5 is removed from the device.

Maintenance of internal devices and devices located in the primary separation zone 18 in the housing 17 is carried out through the manhole 2, and devices located in the secondary separation zone 19 through the manhole 14 end-face periodically, once a year.

In preparation for repair, once a year, through the drain 7, the remaining fluid from the device is drained using an air pipe 9 to prevent the device from being evacuated during drainage.

The same pipe 9 is used to squeeze out the excess air that occurs during start-up when filling the device with contaminated liquid.

The backup pipe 10 is used as necessary to install additional instrumentation on the device.

Separation of the flow by a block-modular coalescence filter into two different volumes of the separation zone, damping of energy in collectors of variable cross-section with slotted gaps of different cross-sections, equipped with internal deflectors of different sizes and bending radius, and automatic removal through protective devices to the secondary separation zone, bypassing the filter, fluid flow when recording an increase in pressure drop across a block-modular coalescence filter provides long-term implementation of the method, allows efficient and reliable o, without stopping at the repair device for filter replacement, cleaning fluid from the oil of organic contaminants in the broad range of viscosities pollutants from light hydrocarbons to heavy high organic media.

Claims (1)

A method of purifying a liquid from contaminants by passing a liquid stream through layers of filtering coalescence material formed into a block-modular coalescence filter, characterized in that the block-modular coalescence filter separates the stream into two different volumes of the separation zone, the first rough cleaning zone and the second finishing zone ; in the first, larger primary separation zone, they reduce the speed of the fluid flow by expanding the flow and direct it to further extinguish the energy in the collectors of variable cross-section with slotted gaps of different cross-sections equipped with internal deflectors of different sizes and bending radius, after which the flow is separated by gravity into phases that are diverted from the primary separation zone; the crude liquid with residual oil is sent through a block-modular coalescent filter to the secondary separation zone of the final treatment, where the flow is also separated by gravity into phases that are diverted from the secondary separation zone; when the pressure drop across the modular coalescent filter increases, the fluid flow is automatically diverted to the secondary separation zone, bypassing the filter, through protective devices.

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