RU2537777C2 - Arresting bleeding tourniquet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to emergency medicine, and can be used with the need for temporary haemostasis from an injured extremity. The device represents an arresting bleeding tourniquet comprising a non-stretchable ribbon and a stretchable ribbon in the form of a rubber element connected with two steel rectangular rings from both sides. The stretchable ribbon is marked with image icons in the form of two rectangles and printed messages 'Hip', 'Shoulder'. When applying the tourniquet, the non-stretchable ribbon forms a double loop. Besides, the device comprises a screw stick, which has a notch in the middle and cone-shaped arrow-shaped ends.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to apply the tourniquet with minimum physical efforts with more accurate dosage of required pressure on tissue, as well as to provide an unlimited possibility to reduce the tourniquet circle to be applied on the extremities of any circumference regardless of the presence of clothes, to avoid pinching the underlying tissues when applying the tourniquet.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to devices for temporarily stopping bleeding from an injured limb.

A known analogue (hemostatic tourniquet) in the description of the invention in patent No. 21113825, IPC A61B 17/12, dated June 27, 1996, publ. 06/27/1998, containing an inextensible tape provided with a clamping element, an extensible tape with marks made on it, corresponding to the achieved compressive force for the shoulder and lower leg of 4.3 kg, and for the thigh of 12.7 kg, while it is connected to the inextensible tape with one end of one-piece, and at the other end has a retainer-yarn of rectangular shape, equipped with a clamping element made in the form of a movable strap.

Disadvantages: when applying a hemostatic tourniquet to an injured limb, on top of clothes, a lot of effort is required to tighten the tourniquet, necessary to squeeze the clothes, and then squeeze the tissues of the limb. The necessary pressure is not created quickly on the injured limb.

Known analogue (styptic tourniquet) in the description of the invention in US patent No. 2012071917 (A1) from September 14, 2011, publ. March 22, 2012, containing an inextensible tape, consisting of a loop worn on a damaged limb, and a tightening mechanism. The tightening mechanism consists of a platform with a clip for fixing the stick, which tightens the tourniquet by twisting the inextensible portion of the tape between the buckles. The stick is made in the form of a cylinder with thickenings at the ends and a slot in the middle for threading the tape.

Disadvantages: lack of elasticity in the tourniquet, the possibility of achieving a metered force on the tissue of the damaged limb. When the stick rotation is 180 degrees (the need to fix the twist stick makes the force of applying the tourniquet a multiple of the twist of the twist stick 180 degrees), the shortening of the circumference of the tourniquet is equal to the length of the tape going into twisting during the turn of the stick, which limits the accuracy of adjusting the force exerted on the fabric limbs. The possibility of reducing the circumference of the bundle when twisting the tape with a stick is limited by the distance between the buckles. Therefore, in winter, the tourniquet will not create the necessary pressure through the clothes to stop bleeding on the damaged limb. The skin of the damaged limb is pinched under the tape between the buckles. The wand additionally requires a clip to fix it after applying the tourniquet in order to avoid unwinding.

The closest analogue is known (styptic tourniquet) in the description of the utility model patent No. 65747, IPC A61B 17/12, dated 12.01.2007, publ. 08/27/2007, containing an elastic insert having marks corresponding to the achieved compression force for the shoulder and hip connected to an inextensible tape on one side with a self-locking buckle of rectangular shape with a clamping element, wherein the inextensible tape is connected to the elastic insert with an additional second self-locking buckle with a clamping element.

Disadvantages: when applying a hemostatic tourniquet to an injured limb, on top of clothes, a lot of effort is required to tighten the tourniquet, necessary to squeeze the clothes, and then squeeze the tissues of the limb. The necessary pressure is not created quickly on the injured limb.

Effect: creating the possibility of applying a tourniquet with minimal physical effort, more accurate dosing of the required pressure on the tissues of the damaged limb, unlimited ability to reduce the circumference of the tourniquet to apply it to the limbs of any circumference, regardless of the presence or absence of clothing, the absence of pinching of the underlying tissues when applying the tourniquet fixation of the harness due to the design of the twist stick with a recess in the middle. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the hemostatic tourniquet containing an inextensible tape, an extensible tape in the form of a rubber element connected to two rectangular steel rings on both sides, with rectangles and the inscriptions “Hip”, “Shoulder” inscribed on it, a wand characterized in that the inextensible tape forms a double loop when applying the tourniquet, and the twist stick is made with a recess in the middle and conical arrow-shaped ends.

The inventive hemostatic tourniquet is superimposed on the limb so that the inextensible tape forms a double loop threaded into the rectangular rings of the rubber element, pierced along the edges with a twist stick and fixed due to the presence of a recessed twist in the middle of the design. The twisting of the stick-twist leads to the formation of twist inextensible tape and reduce the circumference of the applied tow. At the same time, with a twist of the twist stick equal to 180 degrees, as a result of the movement of the tape through the steel rectangular rings as through the block, the reduction in the circumference of the bundle is 1/2 of the length of the tape going into twisting, which minimizes physical effort during twisting and allows you to more accurately measure the force. With a decrease in the circumference of the tourniquet, a tensile tape in the form of a rubber element is stretched to the required force, turning the corresponding rectangle into a square, and blood circulation in the limbs stops. The presence of a double loop of inextensible tape, twist sticks allows you to impose a tourniquet on a segment of a limb of any circumference, reduce the tourniquet circumference almost unlimitedly and achieve bleeding stop regardless of the diameter of a limb segment on which a tourniquet is applied and the thickness of clothes. Sliding when twisting the stick-twist of the bottom of the double loop of inextensible tape through steel rectangular rings connected to the tensile tape in the form of a rubber element, eliminates pinching of the underlying fabrics. Reliable fixation of the twist stick is made without additional elements by piercing the tape and securing it in the tape due to the conical arrow-shaped ends. The stick does not require additional elements to fix it after applying the tourniquet, it is independently fixed by piercing the tape.

The presence of an inextensible tape with free ends, twist sticks with a recess in the middle, a rubber element connected to two steel rectangular rings on both sides, with rectangles and the inscriptions “Hip”, “Shoulder” applied to it allows you to create the possibility of applying a tourniquet with minimal physical effort , more accurately dose the required pressure on the tissues of the damaged limb, apply a tourniquet to the limb segment of any diameter and clothes of any thickness, dose the pressure on the tissue without additional th blood pressure control.

Increasing the accuracy of dosing the pressure and reducing the force when applying the tourniquet by half is due to the fact that the passage of the tape through the steel rings of the rubber element as through the block during a half turn of the twist stick reduces the diameter of the tightened tourniquet by half that of the prototype tow.

The twist stick with a recess in the middle evenly pulls two layers of tape, stretching the rubber element with a buckle, the twist stick due to the conical arrow-shaped ends securely fix the tape.

When twisting an inextensible tape with a twist stick, the reduction in the circumference of the bundle is not limited. The skin of the damaged limb does not get pinched under the tape between the buckle rings. In winter, the tourniquet quickly, easily, without much effort, creates the necessary pressure through the clothes to stop bleeding on the damaged limb.

Comparison of the proposed technical solution with analogues made it possible to establish compliance with its criterion of "novelty."

When studying other well-known technical solutions in this area, the differences that exist in the proposed device were not revealed in such a combination of structural elements and their connections, which make it possible to quickly apply a tourniquet to a damaged surface with minimal physical effort, dispensing pressure on tissues without additional control blood pressure, providing the ability to reliably impose a tourniquet on a limb segment of any diameter and clothing of any thickness.

The advantage and difference of this harness over analogues is:

- the presence in the construction of the bundle of a double loop of inextensible tape, which allows to measure the force of the bundle twice more accurately and halves the physical forces when applied, since when twisting the stick-twist when passing the loop through the steel rings, it decreases twice as less through the block the circumference of the tourniquet with one turn of the twist stick 180 degrees, because the need to fix the stick-twist makes the force of applying the tourniquet a multiple of the rotation of the stick-twist 180 degrees;

- the ability to impose a tourniquet on a segment of a limb of any diameter and unlimitedly reduce the circumference of the tourniquet;

- the presence in the design of a twist stick with a recess in the middle allows you to fix the tape around the limb, and the presence of conical arrow-shaped ends allows you to fix the stick-twist without additional elements by piercing the tape;

- the ability to impose yourself with one hand.

An advantage over spin is the ability to dose force and elasticity, which reduces tissue injury.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 shows a General view of the device;

figure 2 shows a view of an extensible tape in the form of a rubber element connected to two steel rectangular rings;

figure 3 shows a view of the harness in a state prepared for overlay;

figure 4 shows a view of a tourniquet superimposed on a limb before tightening;

figure 5 shows a view of a tightened tow with a fixed twist stick.

The inventive hemostatic tourniquet contains an inextensible tape 1, where kapron, tarpaulin or leather, a stretch tape of frost-resistant, elastic rubber of the KZ-627-D type in the form of a rubber element 3 connected to two rectangular steel rings 2 from two sides are used as a dense material with labels representing pictograms in the form of two rectangles and the inscriptions "Hip", "Leverage". In this case, the tape 1 is threaded into a rectangular steel ring and punctured with a twist stick 4 with a recess in the middle of the entire circumference.

Device operation

The device operates as follows:

In the prepared state (Fig. 3), the tape 1 is threaded through one steel ring 2 connected to the elastic element 3. The twist stick 4 with a recess in the middle along the entire circumference is punctured through the tape over the steel ring 2.

To stop the bleeding (Fig. 4), the tape 1 is wrapped around a limb and threaded through the second ring 2, after which it comes back and is pierced with a twisting stick 4 with a recess in the middle of the entire circumference.

After that, twist the tape 1 with a twist stick 4 until the rectangle on the elastic element 3 turns into a square in accordance with the segment of the limb on which the tourniquet is applied (hip or shoulder). At the same time, visual monitoring of bleeding stop is performed. After stopping the bleeding, the long end of the tape 1 is wrapped around the limb and one end of the twist rod 4 with a recess in the middle is fixed by piercing the tape 1, which prevents unwinding.

This tourniquet was tested in the field, as well as in the working conditions of ambulance crews. During the work of ambulance teams, the test was conducted on 18 patients in the process of performing medical care for bleeding from large vessels of the limbs. Of 18 patients aged 19 to 56 years, 6 are women and 12 are men. In addition, tests were conducted on 20 healthy volunteers. As a result of using the proposed hemostatic tourniquet in all patients, hemostasis was quickly achieved. In volunteers, when applying the tourniquet, the termination of pulsation of arteries below the place of application of the tourniquet was achieved. No complications from using the tourniquet were observed. Dosing of the compression force with the help of pictogram marks made it possible to avoid excessive pressure on the underlying tissues and thereby prevent their injury. Volunteers, when applying a tourniquet to the upper limb, noted that this action was easily performed with one hand.

As a result of the tests, it was concluded that the hemostatic tourniquet allows you to effectively temporarily stop bleeding from wounds of the upper and lower extremities. Dosing compression reduces the risk of trauma to the underlying tissues. The force when applying and tightening the tourniquet is minimal due to the lever created when the tape is twisted with a twist stick and a double loop of inextensible tape. The tourniquet can be effectively applied to segments of limbs of any diameter and to clothes of any thickness. The application of a tourniquet is possible with one hand, which is especially important with self-help, when there is an injury to the upper limb. Indications for use of the tourniquet: temporary stop of arterial bleeding from large vessels of the upper and lower extremities at any stage of medical care. No contraindications found. The use of the claimed invention will allow creating the possibility of applying a tourniquet with minimal physical effort, more accurate dosing of the required pressure on the tissues of the damaged limb, unlimited possibility of reducing the circumference of the tourniquet to apply it to the limbs of any circumference, regardless of the presence or absence of clothing, and the absence of pinching of the underlying tissues when applying the tourniquet. The twist stick with a recess in the middle of the entire circumference does not require additional elements for fixing it after applying the tourniquet, it is independently fixed by piercing the tape.

Claims (1)

Hemostatic tourniquet containing an inextensible tape, an extensible tape in the form of a rubber element connected to two rectangular steel rings on both sides, with rectangles printed on it and the inscriptions “Hip”, “Shoulder”, a twisting stick, characterized in that the inextensible tape forms when applying a tourniquet, a double loop, and the twist stick is made with a recess in the middle and cone-shaped arrow-shaped ends.

Images