RU168585U1 - Hemostatic turnstile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to disaster medicine, military medicine, surgery, and can be used to temporarily stop bleeding from a damaged limb or limb during surgery. The utility model is based on the task of creating a hemostatic turnstile characterized by the possibility of application with minimal physical effort, with one hand, with more accurate dosing of the necessary pressure on the fabric, the possibility of applying a turnstile over a thick layer of clothing, possibly the use of a turnstile on limbs with a radius of more than 2 cm, with minimization of pinching of the underlying tissues when applying the turnstile, the possibility of instantly complete weakening of pressure, or smooth weakening of pressure and the ability to instantly restore pressure, automatically fix the tape tension, the ability to use the turnstile in a wide range of operating temperatures, in conditions of pollution, wetting, icing, with the possibility of repeated reuse of the turnstile. 6 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to disaster medicine, military medicine, surgery, and can be used to temporarily stop bleeding from a damaged limb or from a limb during surgery.

Known analogue (hemostatic tourniquet) in the description of the invention to patent No. 2113825, АВВ 17/12, publ. 06/27/1998, containing an inextensible tape provided with a clamping element, an extensible tape with marks made on it, corresponding to the achieved compressive force for the shoulder and lower leg of 4.3 kg, and for the thigh of 12.7 kg, while it is connected to the inextensible tape with one end of one-piece, and at the other end has a retainer-yarn of rectangular shape, equipped with a clamping element made in the form of a movable strap.

Disadvantages: when applying a hemostatic tourniquet to an injured limb, on top of clothes, a lot of effort is required to tighten the tourniquet, necessary to squeeze the clothes, and then squeeze the tissues of the limb. The necessary pressure is not created quickly on the injured limb. It is impossible to instantly loosen the tension of the tourniquet and also instantly restore the required pressure on the limb when the bleeding resumes. This hemostatic tourniquet cannot be used for children or adults with a small limb circumference. The construction of the harness contains wear elements, the functionality of which depends on environmental conditions: temperature, humidity, icing, pollution.

Known analogue (styptic tourniquet) in the description of the invention in patent US 2012071917, publ. March 22, 2012, containing an inextensible tape, consisting of a loop worn on a damaged limb, and a tightening mechanism. The tightening mechanism consists of a platform with a clip for fixing the stick, which tightens the tourniquet by twisting the inextensible portion of the tape between the buckles. The stick is made in the form of a cylinder with thickenings at the ends and a slot in the middle for threading the tape.

Disadvantages: the inability to achieve a dosed effort on the tissue of the damaged limb. When the stick’s revolution is 180 ° (the need to fix the twist-stick makes the force of applying the tourniquet a multiple of the turn of the twist-stick 180 °), the shortening of the circumference of the tourniquet is equal to the length of the tape going into twisting during the turn of the stick, which limits the accuracy of adjusting the force exerted on the fabric limbs. The possibility of reducing the circumference of the tourniquet when twisting the tape with a stick is limited by the distance between the buckles, so in winter the tourniquet will not create the necessary pressure through the clothes to stop bleeding on the injured limb. The skin of the damaged limb is pinched under the tape between the buckles. The wand additionally requires a clip to fix it after applying the tourniquet in order to avoid unwinding.

A known analogue (styptic tourniquet) in the description of the patent for utility model No. 150941, A61B 17/12, publ. 03/10/2015, containing an inextensible tape, an extensible tape in the form of a rubber element connected to two steel rings on both sides, with rectangles and the inscription “Hip”, “Shoulder” applied to it, a twist stick and a fixing tape made connected with a tensile tape and slots for a twist stick, and a self-locking buckle with a clamping element.

Disadvantages: when applying a hemostatic tourniquet to an injured limb over clothes, a lot of effort is required to tighten the tourniquet, necessary to squeeze the clothes, and then squeeze the tissues of the limb. The necessary pressure is not created quickly on the injured limb. It is impossible to instantly relieve the created pressure and quickly restore it with repeated bleeding. Conditions are created for wear and inability to reuse the harness (piercing the inextensible tape with a twist stick). Using a harness under freezing conditions will be difficult. Plastic elements can reduce their strength when heated or cooled, which can lead to their destruction under load.

Known analogue (styptic tourniquet) in the description of the patent for utility model No. 65747, A61B 17/12, publ. 08/27/2007, containing an elastic insert having marks corresponding to the achieved compression force for the shoulder and hip connected to an inextensible tape on one side with a self-locking buckle of rectangular shape with a clamping element, wherein the inextensible tape is connected to the elastic insert with an additional second self-locking buckle with a clamping element.

Disadvantages: when applying a hemostatic tourniquet to an injured limb, on top of clothes, a lot of effort is required to tighten the tourniquet, necessary to squeeze the clothes, and then squeeze the tissues of the limb. The necessary pressure is not created quickly on the injured limb.

A known analogue (styptic tourniquet) in the description of the patent for invention No. 253144, АВВ 17/132, publ. 10/20/2014, containing a hollow flat tape with a locking buckle tension slings, passed inside the hollow flat tape and a slotted reel with a lever for tensioning and fixing the slings.

Disadvantages: with a stick rotation equal to 180 ° (the need to fix the twist stick makes the force of applying the tourniquet a multiple of the twist of the twist stick 180 °), shortening the circumference of the tourniquet is equal to the length of the tape going to the slotted reel at full revolution of the stick, which limits the accuracy of the force control rendered on limb tissue. The skin of the limb can be pinched under a contracting hollow tape, which gathers in folds while reducing the free length of the tension lines passing inside it.

Known for the closest analogue (hemostatic turnstile) in the description of the invention in the patent for utility model No. 117797, AB 17/12, publ. March 22, 2012, containing an inextensible tape that locks into a loop with a buckle and is tensioned using a ratchet drum tensioner without a lever in the housing, located in a plane perpendicular to the plane of tension of the inextensible tape.

Disadvantages: changing the plane of tension of the tape can lead to a skew of the tape under tension and a decrease in the tensile force. The absence of a lever mechanism requires the application of significant efforts by the hand when pulling the tape with rotational movements. The presence of small parts, the design with a tension drum mechanism in a closed casing with a slot limits the applicability of the tow in difficult environmental conditions when freezing, contamination, wetting, icing. Closing the tape into the loop with a buckle does not allow you to instantly remove the tension of the tape or open its loop. Closing an open tape in a loop with a buckle will require more time than using a spring lock loop.

The utility model is based on the task of creating a hemostatic turnstile, characterized by the possibility of applying with minimal physical effort, with one hand, with more accurate dosing of the required pressure on the fabric, the possibility of applying the turnstile over a thick layer of clothing, the possibility of using the turnstile on limbs with a radius of more than 2 cm, s minimization of jamming of the underlying tissues when applying the turnstile, the possibility of instantly complete weakening of pressure, or smooth weakening of pressure and the possibility of Tew instant pressure recovery, automatic fixation of the belt tension, the ability to use the turnstile in a wide range of operating temperatures, in conditions of pollution, wetting, icing, with the possibility of repeated reuse of the turnstile.

The solution to this problem is ensured by the fact that the hemostatic turnstile contains an inextensible tape, at one end of which there is a self-locking spring lock-loop, passed through a tension lever ratchet mechanism with a slotted tension drum, containing a fixed support plate with a spring-loaded ratchet stopper, through which a non-stretch strap is also passed , and a movable lever of rotation of the drum with a spring-loaded stopper, while on the fixed base plate of the tension ratchet mechanism with on the side facing the human body, a lining with a fixing tape is fixed, on one end of which there is a fleecy element of Velcro fastener, and on the other - a looped element of Velcro fastener, on the reverse side of which is sewn a plastic pocket for placing a note with the time of application of the hemostatic turnstile .

Due to the spring self-jamming lock-loop, the turnstile can be applied to the limb either by threading the limb through a pre-formed inextensible tape, threaded through the spring self-locking lock-loop, loop, or, if it is physically impossible to thread the limb through the loop (for example, when space is limited when fixing the limb under the rubble, etc.) by wrapping the limb with an inextensible tape and forming a protracted loop when threading the tape through samozaklinivayuschiysya spring lock-loop and the subsequent primary tape tension arm and capacity required for hemostasis inextensible belt tension using a lever-ratchet mechanism with a slotted tensioning drum.

Thanks to the spring lock-loop, the tension of the inextensible tape can be instantly loosened completely or gradually gradually by depressing the pressure plate of the lock on a spring-loaded hinge, if necessary, relieve pressure on the limb (in case of errors in the application of the tourniquet, with a controlled loosening of the tourniquet after 2 hours from the moment of overlay) and remove the tourniquet from the limb.

Thanks to the lever-ratchet drum mechanism for tensioning the inextensible tape, the turnstile provides the possibility of applying a tourniquet with minimal physical effort (for example, with self-imposing a tourniquet for injured people with limited physical forces) with accurate dosing of the necessary pressure on the tissues of the injured limb. The sufficient length of the inextensible tape, the design of the spring self-jamming lock-loop and the free movement of the lever-ratchet mechanism with the slotted tension drum along the inextensible tape provide the possibility of applying the turnstile on the limbs with a circle radius of more than 2 cm, regardless of the presence or absence of clothing or clothing. The turnstile design allows it to be used both in helping adults and children because of the possibility of reducing the minimum radius of the tightening loop to 2 cm. The drum mechanism for stretching the inextensible tape ensures that no tissue is pinched when applying the turnstile due to the shortening of the length of the inextensible tape without formation folds on the tape.

The detachable design of the turnstile, non-disposable fastening and tensioning elements designed for heavy loads, the absence of structural elements that are deformed when the belt is tensioned, allows the turnstile to be used repeatedly, quickly bringing it to its original state for reuse.

The absence of small, deformable parts, elements in the turnstile design, whose properties change when contaminated, cooled or heated within the temperature ranges known in all climatic zones of the world, when wet and icing, allow the design to be used for its intended purpose in almost all environmental conditions.

A utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1-6. In FIG. 1 shows a side view and a top view of a hemostatic turnstile. In FIG. 2 shows a General view of the hemostatic turnstile. In FIG. 3 shows the primary tension of a loop of inextensible tape around a limb; in FIG. Figure 4 shows the final dosed tension of a loop from an inextensible turnstile tape around a limb. In FIG. Figure 5 shows the removal of loop tension from an inextensible turnstile tape around a limb. In FIG. 6 shows the superimposed turnstile in the position for transporting the injured person, with an attached note about the time the tourniquet was applied to the transparent pocket of the fixing tape.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hemostatic turnstile contains an inextensible tape 1, a fixing tape 2 with a velcro fastener, fixed to the lining 3 under the fixed base plate of the ratchet lever mechanism for tensioning the tape, the mating parts of the velcro fastener 4, a plastic pocket for the note with the time of applying the tow 5, fastening 6 tapes to the spring lock, self-locking spring lock-loop 7, fixing the tape, lever tension ratchet mechanism 8 with a slotted drum for tensioning the inextensible tape.

The utility model works as follows. The inventive hemostatic turnstile is superimposed on the limb so that an inextensible tape threaded into the loop of the self-locking spring lock forms a loop around the limb. The loop from the turnstile tape can be prepared in advance when the turnstile is placed in the transport position, or formed in place by pulling the tape around the limb and threading the loop of the self-locking spring lock. The primary tension of the turnstile tape is carried out by hand tensioning the tape. The belt tension is automatically saved due to the action of a self-locking spring lock-loop (see Fig. 3).

The final dosed tension of the inextensible tape of the turnstile, leading to the stop of bleeding in the blood vessels at the place of application of compression, is carried out using a ratchet lever mechanism with a slotted drum located on a fixed support plate with a spring-loaded stopper, by winding the tape on a drum driven in rotational motion with using the movable lever of rotation of the drum, and automatically locked in the current position using a spring-loaded ratchet stopper minutes backplate lever ratchet creating inextensible belt tension as shown in FIG. four.

The absence of assemblies and folds with uniform compression of the limb eliminates pinching and damage to soft tissues under the turnstile ribbon. The sufficient length of the tape and the considerable force created by the ratchet lever tensioning mechanism with a slotted drum allow applying a tourniquet to the extremities with a radius of 2 cm and creating sufficient pressure to stop bleeding even when applied through a thick layer of clothing. The automatic fixation of the reverse stroke of the tension slotted drum by the spring-loaded ratchet stopper of the fixed base plate eliminates accidental pressure relief as in tensioned strands created by twisting sticks.

In the presence of medical indications for temporary weakening of the turnstile belt tension or urgent removal of the tourniquet, the tension is instantly completely or smoothly dosed by pressing the key of a self-locking spring lock loop, as shown in FIG. 5. By pressing the key of the self-locking spring lock loop, you can quickly open the turnstile loop by pulling the tape through the loop lock.

You can restore the belt tension by releasing the key of the self-locking spring lock-loop, then pulling the free end of the belt by hand and / or using the belt tension by rotating the slotted tension drum using the movable ratchet lever of rotation of the drum.

After the tension of the turnstile tape and the bleeding stop, the free end of the tape is fixed on top of the ratchet tensioning lever using a fixing tape with Velcro fastener, on the outside of which a plastic pocket is sewn for storing notes with the time of applying the hemostatic turnstile.

When studying other well-known technical solutions in this area, the differences that exist in the proposed device were not revealed in such a combination of structural elements and their connections, which make it possible to quickly apply the turnstile to the limb with minimal physical effort, dispensing pressure on the tissues, providing the possibility of reliable application a tourniquet on a segment of a limb of any diameter and clothing of any thickness, and the possibility of instantly weakening the tourniquet, if it is possible to restore pressure again on the fabric, if possible reusable and continuing operability in difficult environmental conditions.

The use of a hemostatic turnstile was tested on 9 healthy male volunteers. When applying the turnstile, the termination of pulsation of the arteries below the place of application was achieved. There were no complications when using the turnstile. Volunteers were able to easily lay the turnstile on their own on the lower extremities with both two and one hand (when the loop of the tape was prepared in advance when laying the turnstile in the transport position), and with one hand on the upper limb (when the loop was previously prepared when laying the turnstile in the transport position ) Volunteers noted the speed of applying the turnstile and the rapid creation of the required pressure with minimal physical effort. The turnstile was subjected to trial soaking and freezing for 24 hours at a temperature of -18 ° C. After freezing and icing, the turnstile sample remained fully operational. The turnstile was also immersed in a clay-sandy water suspension imitating moist soil, after which it was used without loss of functional performance. The turnstile can be washed, disinfected and sterilized at temperatures not exceeding the softening temperature of the polyester yarn from which the inextensible tape is made, namely, not more than 240 ° C. The frost resistance of the turnstile tape is -60 ° C.

The advantage and difference of this hemostatic turnstile over analogues is:

the presence in the design of the tension lever ratchet mechanism with a slotted drum with automatic fixation of the tension of the inextensible tape using the spring-loaded stopper of the fixed support plate, which allows you to quickly create compression of soft tissues, accurately dose the forces when applied, to exclude accidental removal of the applied pressure;

the presence in the design of a self-jamming spring lock-loop, which allows you to quickly form a loop from an inextensible tape of the turnstile, instantly or smoothly gradually remove the applied pressure on soft tissues, quickly open the turnstile loop;

the combined use of a tension lever ratchet mechanism with a slotted drum and a self-jamming spring lock-loop in the turnstile design allows you to instantly restore the required compression of soft tissues after loosening the harness provided that there is no loop opening;

the use of standard available industrially produced components, designed for severe operating conditions and high loads, allows you to use the turnstile repeatedly, subject it to the necessary treatment for cleaning, disinfection and sterilization, use the turnstile in extreme environmental conditions at high or low temperatures, humidity, pollution, icing;

the turnstile design allows the turnstile to be superimposed with one hand (subject to preliminary preparation of the tape loop when laying in the transport position).

Claims (1)

A haemostatic turnstile containing an inextensible tape, at one end of which a self-locking spring lock loop is fixed, characterized in that the inextensible tape is passed through a tension lever ratchet mechanism with a slotted tension drum, comprising a fixed support plate with a spring-loaded ratchet stopper, through which the tensioner is also not let through, , and a movable lever of rotation of the drum with a spring-loaded stopper, while on the fixed base plate of the tension ratchet mechanism from the side, braschaemoy to the human body, lining secured to the fastening tape, at one end of which is fixed fleecy Velcro element, and the other - looped Velcro element, on the reverse side of which a pocket stitched to the plastic scraps room eventually blending hemostatics turnstile.

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