RU2536946C1 - Method of production of extruded coniferous-energetic supplement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises compacting of ground woody vegetation with glycerol in a ratio of 1:3 at a pressure of 25-50 atmospheres and a temperature of 150-190°C during 8-10 seconds.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to stabilise the energy balance of the animal body and to improve productivity of farm animals.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used as a biologically active additive in animal husbandry and poultry farming. Specifically, the invention consists in extruding coniferous trees and glycerol (biologically active component), followed by their introduction into feed as an additive to stabilize the energy balance of the body and increase the productivity of farm animals and poultry.

In this invention, a biologically active component, consisting of the sum of the extractives of the common green pine, plays the role of a feed additive. It can completely replace unbalanced vitamin preparations added to feed. The supplement contains glycerin, which is positive for optimizing the energy balance in the preparation of animal and bird rations.

Balancing rations can be achieved not only through the introduction of scarce components, but also with the help of feed additives that increase the digestibility of feed. Biologically active preparations provide a more complete extraction of nutrients from feed, normalize the digestive system and, thus, ensure the physiological needs of the body.

One of the effective methods for preparing feed for feeding is extrusion. The process of extrusion at elevated pressure and temperature on the product has a combined effect, as a result of which the structure of the dietary fiber changes, the digestive tract inhibitors are inactivated, the toxic substances are neutralized, the food is sterilized, the palatability is improved, and starch is dextrinized. Due to a sharp drop in pressure upon the release of the heated grain mass, a significant increase in the volume of the product occurs, a porous structure forms, which makes the feed more accessible for the action of enzymes of the stomach of animals, its digestibility sharply increases.

During extrusion, exposure to high temperatures occurs within 8-10 seconds, during this period of time vitamins do not undergo destruction, the palatability of feed additives improves, since various aromatic substances are formed, some toxins are neutralized and their producers die.

Extruded feed, in addition, has good absorbent properties, so it can serve as a prophylactic for gastrointestinal upsets.

During extrusion processing, half of the work of the animal’s stomach is performed by the extruder and therefore the energy of the feed is entirely spent on the needs of the animal’s body.

During extrusion under the influence of temperature and pressure, a deep transformation of the structure and properties of nutrients occurs, which allows us to produce a high-quality product with the following properties:

- improved taste due to the uniformity of the composition, eliminates unpleasant odor;

- feed is sterilized, thereby improving their sanitary status;

- the influence of anti-nutritional factors and their negative effect on animals is eliminated or significantly reduced.

As a result of extrusion, a structured feed is obtained that is specially adapted and to a greater extent meets the needs of animals; the negative effect of processing is minimized (destruction of vitamins, fats and amino acids) due to the speed of the operation.

Currently, extrusion technology is used to obtain protein supplements for ruminants, while increasing the amount of protein that is not destroyed in the rumen of the animal, in addition, extrusion provides a more complete digestibility of the protein in the small intestine. As a result, livestock productivity rises and feed preparation costs are reduced.

More promising is the extrusion of not monocorm, but mixtures of protein and carbohydrate feeds, called protein-energy supplements. It was found that during the extrusion process a mixture of peas with wheat has a high energy value, which is calculated on the basis of the energy value of each source component. The digestibility of starch in young animals rises from 20 to 90%. In pre-starter feeds, extruded mixtures should replace grain and meal. In starter feeds, it is recommended to add them in an amount of 30-40%. For feeding adult poultry and pigs, extruded mixtures are also included to balance protein and metabolic energy.

Extrusion helps to improve feed eatability, digestibility and digestibility of nutrients in diets. The use of feed extrusion processing leads to an increase in animal productivity and the quality of the resulting products, lower costs for the preparation of feed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to which this invention is directed is to use in animal husbandry an extruded coniferous-energy additive (HED) to increase the productivity of farm animals and poultry, including a wide range of biologically active substances. The developed supplement is a universal preparation in its physiological effect on the organism of farm animals.

The proposed coniferous-energy supplement has several advantages: it enriches diets with macro- and microelements, optimizes the function of the gastrointestinal tract, prevents the disease with rickets in poultry and increases its productivity.

The technological process was carried out as follows: the chopped wood greens enters the receiving chamber of the extruder, where glycerin is also charged at the rate of 1 part of wood greens to 3 parts of glycerol. In an extruder, greens are compressed, compressed (25-50 atmospheres) and exposed to temperature (150-190 ° C). The processing time of the product in the extruder is 8-10 seconds.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of extruded coniferous-energy additives in animal diets was tested in the conditions of LLC Niva of the Oktyabrsky District of the Republic of Mordovia.

For the experiment, 2 groups (experimental and control) of 12 cows were selected according to the principle of analogues. The diet of the cows of the control group in the winter-stall period consisted of the main diet, the cows of the experimental group - the main diet with extruded coniferous-energy supplement at the rate of 250 g per day per head.

According to the control milking in the experimental group, the average daily milk yield increased by 25.07%. Feeding coniferous energy feed additives to cows improves the physiological and biochemical status of the body, which is manifested in an increase in blood red blood cells by 21.03%, hemoglobin - by 13.50% (P <0.05), total protein - by 6.60% .

In the experimental group, the cost of the diet was lower due to the replacement of part of the main diet of HED.

The technical and economic advantages of the proposed coniferous-energy supplement for livestock and poultry farming is to effectively prevent disturbances in energy metabolism in animals and birds. The diet enriched in HED provides stable and intensive growth of young growth.

Thus, the use of extruded HED in the diets of dairy cows leads to an increase in average daily milk yields by 25.07%.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining an extruded coniferous-energy additive consists in pressing crushed wood greens with glycerin in a ratio of 1: 3 at a pressure of 25-50 atmospheres, a temperature of 150-190 ° C and a duration of 8-10 seconds.