RU2536002C1 - Service jacket - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aircraft engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to detachable space hardware used for ground preparation of spacecraft. Service jacket is secured onto protected surface by fastening elements. Said jacket is composed of preset-shape sheets made of light stiff and translucent material, for example, cellular polycarbonate. All materials of said jacket do not contain nor accumulate aggressive gases, dust particles or moisture. Said sheets are fitted on protected surface in one and more plies parallel with the latter. Preset gap is kept between jacket sheets and protected surface owing to design of fastening elements.

EFFECT: integrity, efficient protection, visual control at ground operations over optical surface conditions, ease of reconfiguration.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to space technology products, and more particularly to removable technological equipment for space technology products, and can be used in the ground preparation of spacecraft for various purposes.

Known cover shelter for protecting the solar panels of the spacecraft, made of plastic film covering the photovoltaic cells of the solar panels and protecting the outer surface of the photovoltaic cells from pollution and moisture (see, for example, "Packaging", assembly drawing, 11K65M-KL.9401- 000SB, sheet 1, FSUE PO Polet, 2007).

This cover shelter does not protect optical surfaces from mechanical damage.

Known technological cover (patent of the Russian Federation 2375270), mounted on the solar battery of the spacecraft, containing a casing, equipped with fastening elements of the casing to the frame of the solar battery and closing in terms of photoelectric converters of the solar battery. The casing is made in a trough-like shape, while the sides of the casing are in contact with the frame of the solar battery, and optical pulsed electric emitters are mounted on the bottom of the casing from the side of the photoelectric converters, which are placed in cells formed by mutually intersecting ribs fixed to the bottom of the casing, while the ribs are perpendicular to the outer surface photoelectric converters, and on the ends of the ribs facing the photoelectric converters, plates made of el are fixed mastic material.

This technical solution is taken as a prototype. The main disadvantages of the prototype:

- the execution of the trough-shaped casing creates a closed air cavity adjacent to the optical surface. With temperature differences in this cavity, moisture condensation (dew loss) is possible, which will lead to corrosion damage to the optical coatings, can lead to the closure of the contacts of the photoconverters and their failure. It is also possible the release of corrosive gases from the material of the casing in the specified closed air cavity;

- pads made of elastic material made at the ends of the ribs can also be a source of corrosive gases (most known elastomers contain residues of solvents that have not reacted monomers, can be made porous and, accordingly, accumulate and release moisture). The rubber shown in the example typically contains sulfur, which is a strong corrosive agent with respect to optical coatings;

- the technological cover has a complex structure;

- the design of the technological cover does not provide for the ability to quickly change its configuration.

The aim of the present invention is to ensure the integrity, protection from contamination and corrosion damage of complex optical surfaces during ground work with the product (assembly, testing, transportation), with the possibility of visual inspection of the status of optical surfaces without dismantling the protective cover; reducing the complexity of manufacturing, installation and providing the ability to quickly change the configuration of the protective casing.

The goal is achieved due to the fact that the technological casing, mounted on the protected surface by fastening elements, is made on the basis of sheets of a given configuration of light, hard, optically transparent material, for example, cellular polycarbonate, while all casing materials are made not containing and not accumulating corrosive gases, dust particles, moisture; moreover, these sheets are installed on the protected surface in one or more layers parallel to the protected surface; between the sheets of the casing and the protected surface provides a given clearance due to the design of the fasteners.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a cross section of a casing mounted on the surface. The casing includes a sheet 1 of optically transparent, lightweight, rigid material, which can be made single-layer or multilayer (for example, cellular polycarbonate) and fasteners 2, through which the sheet 1 is attached to the surface 3 with an optical coating 4. For mounting in the surface 3, corresponding seats 5 are provided, for example, embedded elements with threaded holes (threaded inserts). Seats 5 are performed on surface sections 3 without coating 4.

Figure 2 and 3 presents the options for the execution of the casing, made in two layers. The casing includes a sheet 1 mounted directly on the protected surface 3 with an optical coating 4, and sheets 6 mounted on a second layer over the sheets 1 to protect the mounting pads 7 (for installing devices or mounting other structural elements).

Figure 4 shows a diagram of one of the options for installing a protective casing on an optical surface. In the indicated mounting option, the sheet 1 is mounted on the protected structure 3 on the seat 5 (made in the form of a threaded insert) using a fastener 2, which includes a composite sleeve 8 with threaded and adhesive joints and studs 9.

Figure 5 shows a diagram of one of the options for installing the protective casing on the optical surface in two layers.

The casing is designed to protect the optical surfaces of the spacecraft (radiators of the temperature control system (CTP), solar panels) during ground operation of spacecraft for various purposes. Protected optical surfaces can be flat or with a large radius of curvature (about 2-5 m), complex configuration (with cutouts, holes, etc.). The technological casing, mounted on the optical surface of the spacecraft, contains a sheet or several sheets with fastening elements to the protected surface. The casing closes in terms of the optical coating of the radiator CTP or photovoltaic converters of the solar battery. The casing is made flat and is mounted on a surface with a given gap parallel to the surface to be protected, without the edges contacting the surface to be protected. The casing is made of a light optically transparent material, for example, cellular polycarbonate. In this case, the casing material should not emit corrosive gases, dust particles, should not accumulate and give off moisture.

In some cases, it is necessary to use various configurations of optical surface protection housings (for example, for transportation, storage, and equipment stages). This requires the manufacture of several sets of casings of a traditional design for each of the tasks.

EFFECT: ensuring integrity, protection against pollution and corrosion damage of the optical coverings of the spacecraft during ground work with the product (assembly, testing, transportation), with the possibility of visual monitoring of the status of optical surfaces without dismantling the protective casing, the possibility of multi-layer mounting and changing the configuration of the casing.

During operation, the casing is mounted on the protected optical surface and remains on it during assembly, inter-workshop transportation, testing, and transportation to the spaceport. Moreover, due to the execution of the casing of the sheet parallel to the surface to be protected, and with a predetermined gap (unlike the prototype, the edge of the casing does not contact the surface to be protected), good ventilation of the space between the casing and the coated surface is ensured, which prevents condensation of atmospheric moisture (dew loss) ) in the specified space. The size of the gap, as a rule, is selected in the range from 3 to 50 mm. A smaller gap does not provide sufficient ventilation, and a large gap is not practical and leads to a decrease in the degree of protection against mechanical damage along the edges of the surface to be protected.

An example of the sequence of manufacture and installation of the casing.

1. Preparatory work:

- cutting sheet 1 according to the size of the protected surface 3, taking into account the available seats 5 and mounting sites 7 on the indicated surface;

- drilling in the sheet 1 holes for fasteners 2;

- cutting sheets 6 according to the size of the mounting pads 7 for the installation of other structural elements or devices, with an allowance at the edges (usually 10-20 mm), taking into account the location of the seats 5;

- drilling in sheets of 6 holes for fasteners 2.

2. Installation. Depending on the design of the fasteners 2, various options are possible, for example:

2A. First, the studs 9 are mounted on the seats 6 in the surface 3, and then the composite sleeve 8 is mounted on the sheet 1 or 6; the sheet 1 is mounted on the studs 9; then, mounting sheets 6 (if necessary) on top of sheet 1 on the studs 9 (the length of the upper threaded part of the studs must be greater than the sum of the thicknesses of sheets 1 and 6 together with the installed composite bushings 8) and securing with nuts 10 through the washer 11 and spring washer 12 ;

2B. First, composite sleeves 8 are mounted on sheets 1 and / or 6. Then sheets 1 and 6 are located on the protected surface 3 so as to align the holes in the sleeves 8 and the holes in the seats 5, and are fixed with bolts 13 with the washer 11 and the spring washer 12.

When fasteners 2 are made from other components, other mounting sequence options are possible.

Due to the execution of the casing sheet rigid provides reliable protection of the optical surface from mechanical damage.

Due to the implementation of the casing of a sheet of optically transparent material provides visual control of the state of the optical surface without dismantling the casing.

Thanks to the light casing, the minimum load on the protected optical surface is ensured, the required number of mounting points is reduced.

Thanks to the casing of materials that do not contain and are not able to accumulate corrosive components, dust particles and moisture, the operational properties of the protected optical surface are maintained.

Thanks to the installation of sheets on the surface to be protected by means of fasteners in one or more layers, it is possible to quickly change the configuration of the casing without adding or changing attachment points.

Due to the fact that the fastening elements include threaded and adhesive joints, a reliable fastening of the casing is ensured with the possibility of its quick dismantling and configuration change.

Due to the combination of these features, the casing has increased efficiency and reliability, ease of manufacture and installation, expanding the scope of use of the casing due to the possibility of changing the configuration.

The enterprise has developed and manufactured prototypes of the technological casing. The tests performed showed a high resistance of the casing to mechanical stresses and the absence of corrosive effects on optical surfaces.

From known to the authors of patent information sources, the totality of features similar to those of the claimed subject matter is not known.

Claims (1)

Technological casing, mounted on the protected surface by fastening elements, characterized in that the casing is made on the basis of sheets of a given configuration of lightweight, rigid, optically transparent material, such as cellular polycarbonate, while all casing materials are made not containing and not accumulating corrosive gases, dust particles, moisture, and these sheets are installed on the protected surface in one or more layers parallel to the protected surface, between the sheets of the casing and the protected surface o The specified clearance is ensured due to the design of the fasteners.

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