RU2534299C1 - Method to press in piles and/or other building structures and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method to press in piles and/or other building structures includes installation of an anchoring system with a support and a press-in mechanism, installation of the press-in element under the press-in mechanism and pressing in of the latter. The support of the anchoring system is a bearing pillar of the structure. Two pressed-in elements are installed under the press-in mechanism symmetrically relative to the support. Pressing-in is carried out simultaneously for both elements, besides, in process of pressing in they perform continuous monitoring of their submersion value, and if necessary, the value of their submersion is balanced.

EFFECT: reduced labour intensiveness and simplification of works for manufacturing of equipment and performance of works under restricted conditions with increased load capacity of an existing pile foundation on an existing structure.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of construction and can be used to strengthen the foundations inside the building.

After many years of operation of the structure, the bearing capacity of the foundation may be insufficient, as a result of which unplanned precipitation may occur, cracks may form. For further trouble-free operation of such a structure, strengthening of the bearing capacity of the foundation is required. Another reason requiring a reinforced foundation is the superstructure of the floors, increasing the load on the existing foundation.

The work on strengthening the foundations inside the building is always difficult due to cramped conditions: the maximum size h from the grillage to the ceiling can be less than three meters. Obviously, under these conditions, the use of heavy construction equipment is impossible because of its large overall dimensions. Another important factor limiting the use of certain methods is the use in them of dynamic effects on the pile being shipped, which can affect the environment and cause additional precipitation. These include vibration immersion techniques, driven technologies using pneumatic impact devices, diesel drivers, etc.

The most preferred in this case is the method of static indentation of piles. However, industrial equipment for the implementation of this method is usually two tractors, one of which is mounted on a high rectangular frame, or a crane is used. The overall dimensions of such equipment do not allow its use for work inside the basement of reconstructed buildings.

The device of drilling piles is also not associated with the occurrence of large dynamic influences, and when working from the basements of existing buildings, you can use a small-sized drilling rig. However, the main drawback of these piles is the limited, and sometimes unpredictable bearing capacity (up to 25%) compared to driven and statically pressed piles, in which the dive occurs without excavation.

A known method of strengthening the foundations of existing buildings and structures (RF patent No. 2319809, E02D 27/08, publ. March 20, 2008), including the preliminary formation of holes in the foundation, installing hollow cylindrical anchor devices in these holes and fixing each anchor device in the holes foundation and subsequent alternate indentation of elements of composite piles freely passing through the cavities of the cylindrical anchor devices to a predetermined depth using a thrust structure containing a hydraulic jack and providing a part of the anchor device protruding above the upper surface of the foundation, and fixing the head element of each pile. According to the invention, as hollow cylindrical anchor devices, anchor pipes are used that have a constant outer diameter in length, and they are fixed in the foundation holes by cementing the annulus, while the part of the anchor pipe protruding above the upper surface of the foundation is made using a hinged clamp in the form expanding vertically into two parts of the cylinder in the working position with the bolts connected by the two parts mentioned, supported from below to ligaments connected by strands to the upper plate of the resistant structure, and in radially curved dies having a corrugated or serrated concave surface congruent to the outer surface of the anchor pipe, they are preliminarily inserted into the grooves made on the inside of the clamp and not extending to its ends; which they are fixed by clamping with bolts connecting the two parts of the articulated clamp, after which, installing the hydraulic jack rod on top of the composite pile element and resting the hydraulic jack cylinder on the lower surface l the top plate of the thrust structure, alternately indent the elements of the composite pile, after which the head element of the pile is fixed by cementing the gap between the pile and the inner surface of the anchor pipe.

The part of the anchor pipe protruding above the upper surface of the foundation after fixing the head element of the pile is preferably cut to the level of the upper surface of the foundation.

In this case, metal cables or metal rods are used as strands.

The disadvantage of this method and device for its implementation is the need for holes in the existing foundation, which will lead to a temporary weakening of the existing foundation. In addition, the need for holes increases the complexity and complexity of the work.

Closest to the proposed method and device is a device for pressing piles and / or other building structures and a pressing method using it (RF patent No. 2159829, E02D 7/20, publ. 11/27/2000). The method according to patent No. 21589829 includes installing the proposed device in the indentation zone, raising and installing the indented structure at the immersion point, bringing the indentation mechanism to the head of the indented structure and indentation. According to the invention, the installation of the device is carried out by laying at least two longitudinal elements in the indentation zone with stops made with the possibility of introducing connection elements into them, placing supports on them, fixing the supports using connection elements, connecting the supports to each other with a predominantly beam structure bearing the construct of the indentation mechanism, and the summing up of the indentation mechanism is carried out by moving the power structure along the beam element and / or by moving about then along the longitudinal elements.

Changing the installation method of the indentation device allows for indentation without re-equipment of the device.

A significant disadvantage of the method and device according to patent No. 2159829 is the complexity and complexity of the work in cramped conditions, due to the need to lay long rails. In addition, the device itself is also quite complicated in the manufacture, installation and operation.

The technical problem solved in the present invention is to reduce the complexity and simplify the manufacturing of equipment and work in cramped conditions while increasing the bearing capacity of the existing pile foundation on an existing structure.

The problem is solved in that in the method of pushing in piles and / or other building structures, including, like the prototype, installing an anchoring system with a support and a pushing mechanism, installing a push-in element under the push-in mechanism and pushing the latter, in contrast to the prototype, as a system support anchors use the supporting column of the structure. Under the indentation mechanism, two indented elements are installed symmetrically with respect to the support, and indentation is carried out simultaneously of both elements, moreover, in the process of indentation, their immersion is constantly monitored and, if necessary, their immersion is aligned

The use of the anchor system of the supporting column of the structure as a support will ensure the maximum reduction in labor intensity when carrying out work in cramped conditions. Simultaneous indentation of two indented elements installed symmetrically with respect to the support will simplify the work of indenting piles. This will increase the bearing capacity of the existing pile foundation and exclude the appearance of bending moment and dangerous destructive stresses in the column.

A device for implementing the inventive method includes an anchoring system in the form of a support with a stop bearing an indentation mechanism. At the same time, the supporting column of the structure is used as a support, and the emphasis is made in the form of two identical parts, wrapping around the supporting column and interconnected, the pressing mechanism is made in the form of a rocker arm pivotally mounted on the support, made of two identical parts, wrapping around the support and interconnected , and jacks installed at the free ends of the rocker arm, and the rocker arm is installed with the formation of inclined gaps with support and with emphasis.

The proposed design will significantly simplify the manufacture and operation of the inventive device, since it does not require the manufacture of a special support for the anchoring system. This significantly reduces the complexity in the manufacture and operation of the inventive device, and the overall dimensions of the inventive device will provide the opportunity to work effectively in cramped conditions.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows the inventive device mounted on a supporting column of an existing structure, piles of the existing foundation and two symmetrically installed reinforcing piles.

The drawing shows an existing freestanding foundation, which includes three hanging piles 1, the heads of which are interconnected by a grillage 2, on which a supporting column 3 is installed

The inventive device includes a stop 4 mounted on a support 3 in the form of a supporting column of an existing structure. The emphasis 4 is made in the form of two identical parts, wrapping the supporting column and interconnected. On the stop 4, an indentation mechanism is installed, made in the form of a rocker 5 from two identical parts, wrapping around the support 3 and interconnected. The beam 5 is mounted on the stop 4 through the hinge 6 with the formation of inclined gaps 7 and 8 with the support 3 and with the stop 4. At the free ends of the rocker 5 installed jacks 9.

The proposed device works, and the method is as follows.

On the support in the form of a supporting column 3 of the existing structure, an emphasis 4 is installed, made in the form of two identical parts, wrapping the supporting column and interconnected. On the stop 4, an indentation mechanism is installed, made in the form of a rocker 5 of two identical parts, wrapping a support and interconnected. Rocker 5 is mounted on stop 4 through hinges 6 with the formation of inclined gaps 7 and 8 with support 3 and with stop 4. Jacks 9 are installed at free ends of rocker 5. Two push-in elements 10 are installed under the jacks 9 symmetrically relative to support 3 in the form of segments of hollow metal pipes and carry out the indentation of both elements at the same time 10. In the process of indentation, the immersion value of each of the elements 10 is constantly monitored and, if necessary, their immersion values are aligned. From the indentation of each element 10, torques of opposite signs arise, equal to the product of the immersion forces on the arm of the rocker arm 5. When the arms of the rocker arm 5 are equal, the equilibrium conditions are maintained if the indentation forces on each element 10 are equal. In this case, the indentation process proceeds without tilting the rocker arm, while maintaining the value of the inclined gaps 8 between the rocker arm 5 and the stop 4 and the inclined gaps 7 between the rocker arm 5 and the support 3. In case the indentation of the elements 10 is accompanied by some difference in effort, skew of the rocker arm 5 and the appearance on the support 3 of additional torque, representing a certain danger of destruction of the support 3. Installing the beam 5 with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of the hinge 6 due to the inclined gaps 7 and 8 will allow in taking into account the inequality of the pressing forces when overtaking or lagging immersion of one of the elements 10, timely correct the position of the elements 10 by changing the forces on the jacks 9, which will lead to a simple and effective strengthening of the existing foundation, eliminating the appearance of a critical angle of rotation of the rocker arm 5 relative to axis 11 and bending moment on the support 3. To compensate for the possible additional torque, a protection is installed, for example, in the form of wooden bars 12, supported at one end by a grillage 2, and the other by shoulders and the rocker arms 5. When the elements 10 are pressed to a predetermined depth, and the jacks are returned to their original position, the bars 12 will hold the rocker arms 5 at a constant height and will allow the following segments of the pressed elements 10 to be built under the jacks 9, then the process is repeated.

Depending on the working conditions and the availability of equipment for the work, hydraulic jacks or screw jacks can be used.

Claims (4)

1. A method of pushing in piles and / or other building structures, including installing an anchoring system with a support and a pushing mechanism, installing a push-in element under the push-in mechanism and pushing the latter, characterized in that the supporting column of the structure is used as a support for the anchoring system, and a push-in mechanism is installed under the push-in mechanism two indented elements are symmetrical with respect to the support, and indentation is carried out simultaneously of both elements, moreover, in the process of indentation, they constantly monitor l the magnitude of their immersion and, if necessary, the alignment of the magnitude of their immersion. 2. The device for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising an anchoring system in the form of a support with a stop, bearing an indentation mechanism, characterized in that the support column of the structure is used as a support, and the emphasis is made in the form of two identical parts, wrapping the supporting column and connected between themselves, the indentation mechanism is made in the form of a rocker arm pivotally mounted on the support, made of two identical parts, wrapping the support around and interconnected, and jacks installed on the free ends of the rocker arm, and omyslo set to form the inclined gaps to the support and abutment. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic jacks are used as jacks. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the screw jacks are used as jacks.

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