RU2534115C1 - Device for withdrawal of double-sided deflecting wedge from well - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the area of drilling and workover of oil and gas wells and may be used during construction of downhole splitters. The device comprises the main bore with catching hook and top joint for pipe string. The joint features diameter larger than that of additional drilled bores and is fitted with extra bore similar to the main one with catching hook directed towards the catching hook of the main bore. The main and additional bores are hollow and elastic and equipped with radial flushing channels arranged above catching hooks and aligned therewith. Above the joints there is a piston covered from outside by downwards spring-actuated cylinder fixed in the upper position, which is capable to move downwards and fix the bores from outside. In the lower part of the piston there are process plates with holes, and a thrust is placed between the latter in the lower position so that it is capable of limited movement upwards without slipping at interaction with the upper end of the deflecting edge. The cylinder features a circular groove with bevels interacting with balls in holes of the process plates pressed from inside by the thrust; in the thrust below holes there is mortising overlapping the holes in plates when the thrust is moved upwards to move the balls inwards and the cylinder gets unfixed.

EFFECT: improved reliability, expansion of functionalities, and decrease in accident rate.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of drilling and overhaul of oil and gas wells and can be used in the construction of multilateral wells (MZS) and sidetracks (BS) from previously drilled and cased wells while maintaining the main wellbore for operation.

A device for extracting a whipstock (Using a removable whipstock for drilling a well with two horizontal shafts // Oil and gas technology. - 1994. - No. 1-2. - S.12-15), including a fishing bell and overshot.

The disadvantages of the fishing bell are:

- the difficulty of obtaining a reliable connection of the bell with the whipstock, because The whipstock is made with the maximum possible outer diameter for passing into the main wellbore and guaranteed to maintain the direction of the trajectory of the additional wellbore, and for reliable capture of the whipstock, the inner conical diameter of the bell in the inlet part must exceed the diameter of the whipstock, in addition, plus a double wall thickness increases its outer diameter , and then the bell will not pass into the main wellbore, in turn, reducing the inner diameter of the bell will make it impossible to enter of whipstock and his capture. Reducing the wall thickness of the guide funnel of the bell will lead to its crushing or destruction in the process of capturing and screwing on the "head" of the wedge, because when screwing a tapered thread onto a tapered wedge, large radial tensile forces arise in the body of the bell;

- the difficulty of disconnecting the bell from the whipstock if it cannot be removed from the well, the occurrence of accidents and, as a result, the large material and time costs for their elimination and increase in the cost of the well.

The disadvantage of overshot is its low payload, as its body is made of a thin-walled pipe with movable dies inside, so it cannot capture objects pressed against the wall of the well and securely hold them during the ascent from the well.

The solution closest in technical essence is a fishing hook (using a removable whipstock for drilling a well with two horizontal shafts // Oil and Gas Technologies. - 1994. - No. 1-2. - S.12-15), including the main barrel with a fishing hook and top a connection for a pipe string, the hook beard of which enters from the front side of the wipstock wedge into a through slot in his body, thereby capturing and removing it from the well.

The disadvantages of a fishing hook are:

- the need for a very precise orientation of the fishing hook relative to the slot in the body of the wipstock wedge using geophysical instruments, which requires a call to the geophysical party;

- the probability of non-extraction of the whipstock from the well, because the fishing hook has only one fulcrum, and when removing the whipstock can skew, which will lead to its jamming and to remain in the well, especially in wells with a complex trunk profile;

- the lack of a device for creating an effort to force the hook into the slot in the body of the wipstock;

- the difficulty of disconnecting the fishing hook from the whipstock if it is not removed from the well;

- the lack of a device for washing and cleaning the cuts in the wedge body from compacted drill cuttings and hardened cement, which makes it difficult for the fishing hook to enter the slot in the body of the wipstock;

- low reliability of the device from failure with one hook, compared with a device with several hooks;

- the impossibility of extracting from the well a double-sided diverter wedge;

- the lack of a device for fixing the deflector wedge with a fishing hook, which can lead to spontaneous disconnection of the deflector wedge when removing it from the well, thus, there is a high probability of emergencies that will lead to large unplanned time and material costs and increase the cost of building multi-face wells.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of a reliable design of a device for extracting a double-sided diverter wedge from the well, which eliminates the call of the geophysical lot for its orientation, cleans the interval of slots in the wedge body with a directed fluid stream and facilitates the capture operation of the diverter wedge and holds it during the extraction process from the well, to exclude as much as possible cases of non-extraction of the deflecting wedge from the well or its loss during the ascent to the surface, disconnect the device from the diverting wedge, eliminating the need for emergency work to unhook the device if it is not possible to remove the diverting wedge from the well, which together leads to a significant reduction in funds and terms in the construction of multilateral wells.

The technical problem is solved by a device for extracting a double-sided whipstock from the well, including the main barrel with a fishing hook and the upper connection for the pipe string.

What is new is that the connection is made of a larger diameter than the diameter of the additional drilled trunks, and is equipped with an additional trunk similar to the main trunk with a fishing hook directed towards the fishing hook of the main trunk, while the trunks are hollow, elastic and provided with radial washing channels located above the fishing hooks and co-directed with them, moreover, above the joints there is a piston which is covered externally by a spring loaded downward and fixed in an upper position, which made with the ability to move down and fix outside the main and additional shafts after catching the wedge-deflector with fishing hooks, while technological plates with holes are placed below the piston between the main and additional shafts, between which there is a stop fixed by at least one shear element in the lower position and made with the possibility of limited upward movement without turning when interacting with the upper end of the deflector wedge, and a cylinder for fixing in the upper position equipped with an annular groove with chamfers interacting with balls inserted into the corresponding holes of the technological plates and internally pushed by a stop, in which samples are made below the holes, which are aligned with the holes of the plates when moving the stop up to move the balls inside and release the cylinder from fixing.

Figure 1 shows a device for extracting a deflector wedge, lowered into the well in the installation interval of the deflector wedge (longitudinal section).

Figure 2 shows a device for extracting a deflector wedge, lowered into the well in the interval of installation of the deflector wedge, left view (longitudinal section AA).

Figure 3 shows the remote element In figure 2 - the execution of the locking mechanism of the cylinder in the transport position.

In Fig.4 shows a section bB of Fig.2 - the execution of the locking mechanism of the cylinder.

A device for extracting a double-sided diverter wedge from a well (Fig. 1) includes a connection 1 with a drill pipe string in the form of a coupling in the upper part (not shown in Fig.) And a thickening in the lower part in the form of a piston 2 of a larger diameter than the diameter of the additional drilled trunks 3 and 3 '. The main 4 and additional 5 trunks are attached to the piston 2 with fishing hooks 6 and 6 'directed towards each other. In this case, the trunks are hollow, elastic and provided with radial washing channels 7 and 7 ', connected by the corresponding longitudinal channels 8 and 8' with the connection 1, located above the fishing hooks 6 and 6 'and co-directed with them. The piston 2 is placed inside the cylinder 9, which is fixed in the upper position by the balls 10 (Fig. 2) and is pressed down by a spring 11 located between the cylinder 9 and the stop 12. Below the piston 2, technological ones are placed between the main 4 (Fig. 1) and additional 5 trunks plates 13 and 13 '(FIG. 2) with holes 14 between which an abutment 15 is placed, fixed by shear elements 16 in the lower position and made with the possibility of limited upward movement without turning when interacting with the upper end of the deflecting wedge 17 (FIG. 1) , and cylinder 9 for fixing in ver position is provided therein an inner annular groove 18 with the chamfers cooperating with the balls 10 (Figure 2) inserted in the corresponding holes 14 of technological plates 13 and 13 '. Moreover, the balls 10 are internally pressed by an abutment 15, in which samples 19 and 19 'are made below the holes 14, which are aligned with the holes 14 of the plates 13 and 13' when moving the abutment 15 upward to move the balls 10 inside the samples 19 and 19 'and release the cylinder 9 from fixing .

A device for extracting a double-sided wedge-diverter from the well works as follows.

The device (Fig. 1) on a drill pipe string (not shown in Fig.) Is lowered into the well 20 until it is planted on the upper end 17 of the diverter wedge 21, and since the diameter of the device is larger than the diameter of the additional drilled shafts 3 and 3 ', it does not may sink deeper into the well than the lower end of wedge 21. According to the reduction in the weight of the pipe string, which is controlled by the dynamometer installed at the wellhead, and the depth of descent of the device, which is controlled by the length of the pipe string, it is determined that the device did not fall on the upper end 17 wedge-reject la 21. The pipe string with the device is raised so that the fishing hooks 6 and 6 'are 0.5-1.0 m above the upper end 17 of the deflector 21, include a mud pump, and flushing fluid through the pipe string, connection 1, channels 8 and 8 'of the main 4 and additional 5 shafts, radial channels 7 and 7' follow from the nozzles 22. Under the action of the reactive force of the jets of liquid, the main 4 and additional 5 shafts depart from each other, and the device can no longer go into additional drilled shafts 3 and 3 ', and it will either enter into interaction with the wedge-reject by the body 21, or rests on its upper end 17. If the device rests on the upper end 17 of the deflector 21 and does not go further down, the weight of the pipe string is recorded using the dynamometer installed at the wellhead, and the depth of the device is determined by the length of the pipe string, while the depth of descent of the device is reduced by the length of the wedge-deflector 21. The device is lifted up by 0.5-1.0 m, rotate the pipe string to the right by 15-30 ° and again lowered, and so on, while fishing hooks 6 and 6 'will not fall into the gutters 23 wedges-off Onitel 21, the device will not reach the specified depth and the upper end 17 of the deflector wedge 21 will not enter into interaction with the stop 15. The set descent depth of the device is determined strictly as the pipe string and will be in average between the two extreme measurements (± 4-6 m ) This will destroy the shear elements 16 (figure 2), and the emphasis 15 will move to the upper position. The samples 19 and 19 'of the stop 15 will be combined with the holes 14 of the technological plates 13 and 13', and the balls 10, under the action of the buoyancy force of the annular groove 18, which occurs under the action of the spring 11 and due to the fact that the center of the balls 10 is shifted towards the stop 15, will move inward samples 19 and 19 'and release the cylinder 9 from fixing.

The cylinder 9 under the action of the spring 11 will move downward, with great effort pressing the hooks 6 and 6 '(figure 1), which are made in the form of mating parts of the grooves 23 of the diverter 21, which contributes to the exact orientation of the device along the grooves 23 of the diverter 21, and the beards 25 and 25 'of the fishing hooks 6 and 6' along the slots 26 in the body of the wedge 21. The mud pump is turned on, while the jets of water flowing from the nozzles 22 will be directed into the slots 26 in the body of the wedge 21. They wash and clean the slots 26 in the body of the wedge 21 from compacted drill cuttings, chips and hardened cement, blegchaya occurrence barbs 25 and 25 'fishing hooks 6 and 6' in the slot 26 in the body of the wedge 21 and allowing its grip device. After a certain time (the duration of which is determined empirically on the surface under bench conditions), the mud pump is stopped, the main 4 and additional 5 trunks are pressed tightly against the grooves of the 23 wedge 21 under the action of internal elastic forces. The force to compress the main 4 and additional 5 trunks to the grooves of the 23 wedge 21 increases due to the impact on their outer surface of the compressive force of the cylinder 9, which after stopping the mud pump under the action of the spring 11 moves down, and since the angle between the outer surface trunks 4 and 5 and the inner surface of the cylinder 9 is small - 2.5-3 °, then the compressive force according to the parallelogram rule increases several times from the force of the spring 11, which pushes the cylinder 9 down. The main 4 and additional 5 trunks to increase elasticity and strength can be made of various materials, for example spring steel, and have a different cross-sectional shape, for example round, triangular or ellipse, with longitudinal channels 8 and 8 'inside. When lifting the string of pipes, the beards 25 and 25 'of the fishing hooks 6 and 6' enter the slots 26 in the body of the wedge 21, the trunks 4 and 5 converge, and the cylinder 9 is lowered to the stop, rigidly fixing them in the transport position. Continuing the rise of the pipe string, the deflector wedge is removed to the surface.

Technological plates 13 and 13 '(Fig. 2) with holes 14 can be manufactured together with the piston 2 or separately and then attached to it in various ways, for example, screws, electric welding, etc. The thickness of the technological plates is selected based on the diameter of the balls plus 1-2 mm.

The stop 15 is made in the form of a moving part, which moves along the rod 27 up and down without the possibility of rotation along the axis. For this, the rod 27 is made in the form of a four- or hexagon or any other shape in cross section, which prevents the stop of the stop 15 being rotated along the axis. The cross-sectional shape of the stop 15 can be very different, but have a maximum area in the lower part for guaranteed contact with the upper end 17 of the deflecting wedge 21, when the device interacts with the deflecting wedge 21 and the fishing hooks 6 and 6 'fall into the grooves 23 . The number of shear elements 16 must be at least one.

If it is not possible to remove the diverter wedge 21 from the well 20 for some reason, the device is lowered until the stop 15 fits onto the upper end 17 of the diverter wedge 21. The mud pump is turned on. Due to the differential pressure of the liquid on the nozzles 22 inside the device, the pressure of the liquid increases, which acts through the holes 28 (FIG. 2) on the cylinder 9, it compresses the spring 11 and rises, releasing the main 4 (FIG. 1) and additional 5 trunks, which under the influence of reactive thrust, the jets of liquid flowing from the nozzles 22, depart from the grooves 23 of the wedge 21, and the beards 25 and 25 'of the fishing hooks 6 and 6' exit from the slots 26 in the body of the wedge 21. The pipe string is raised by 1.0-1, 5 m above the upper end 17 of the diverter wedge 21, turn off the pump, the main 4 and additional itelny 5 barrels under the action of elastic return force in the transport position, the cylinder 9 is lowered, and further continued lifting device on a surface without any complications.

The proposed device allows you to:

- increase the reliability of equipment, because the load for removing the deflecting wedge is distributed to two trunks and two fishing hooks with two or more barbs;

- expand the functionality of the device, while it becomes possible to extract a double-sided wedge-deflector from the well;

- it is easy to disconnect from the wedge when it is impossible to remove it from the well, and as a result, emergency work to disconnect the device from the wedge-deflector and remove it from the well is excluded;

- facilitate the operation of extracting the deflecting wedge from the well due to the fact that its upper end, when rising from the well, is inside the device and centered by it along the axis of the well, thereby preventing it from warping and jamming in wells with a complex wellbore profile;

- to make high-quality cleaning of the wedge slots from drill cuttings, chips and hardened cement, facilitating the operation of capturing the wedge and increasing the reliability of its extraction from the well;

- introduce the barbs of fishing hooks into the slots of the wedge under the action of elastic forces arising in the main and additional trunks of the device during the capture of the deflector wedge and the cylinder moving downward under the action of the spring;

- to prevent emergency situations associated with spontaneous disconnection of the deflecting wedge during its removal from the well, excluding repeated fishing operations to remove it from the well;

- eliminate the challenge of the geophysical party for its orientation.

Together, all this allows to increase the reliability of the device, expand its functionality, facilitate the operation of extracting the deflecting wedge from the well and eliminate various emergencies, which ultimately will significantly reduce the time and cost of constructing multilateral wells while maintaining the main wellbore for operation.

Claims (1)

A device for extracting a double-sided diverter wedge, including a main barrel with a fishing hook and an upper connection for a pipe string, characterized in that the connection is made of a larger diameter than the diameter of the additional drilled boreholes and is equipped with an additional barrel similar to the main barrel with a fishing hook directed towards to the fishing hook of the main trunk, while the trunks are hollow, elastic and equipped with radial washing channels located above the fishing hooks and sleep directed to them, with the piston being placed above the connections, which is externally sealed by a cylinder spring-loaded downward and fixed in the upper position, which is arranged to move downward and fix outside the main and additional shafts after catching the deflector wedge hooks, while below the piston, between the main and additional trunks placed technological plates with holes, between which there is a stop fixed by at least one shear element in the lower position and made with limited upward movement without turning when interacting with the upper end of the deflector wedge, and the cylinder for fixing in the upper position is equipped with an annular groove with chamfers interacting with balls inserted into the corresponding holes of the technological plates and internally pushed by a stop in which samples are made below the holes, combined with the holes of the plates when moving the stop up to move inside their balls and release the cylinder from fixing.

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