RU2532945C1 - Method of combined development of contiguous formation of different thicknesses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: formations are excavated in inverse order in a panel with aligned arrangement of chambers and pillars. Meanwhile the thinner formation is excavated by chamber-and-pillar system with regular cutting of inter-chamber belt pillars by break-throughs towards the front of pillar mining, meanwhile a ventilation of a working zone and dust air removal is performed due to mine ventilating pressure drop through the last inter-chamber break-through, and the thicker formation is excavated by chambered system with lagging from the thinner formation.

EFFECT: improvement of performance of excavation of thinner formations due to increase of extraction of minerals from subsoil by regular cutting of interchamber pillars and ensuring of efficient ventilation and dust removal from a working zone of operators of winning machines and self-propelled transportation equipment into excavated space.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of two shallow formations of different capacities by a chamber system in the reverse order of mining.

A known method for the development of shallow potash seams with excavation blocks, with the excavation of the preparatory mine workings, the performance of cleaning operations with chambers with the cutting of pillars with the formation of tape and column pillars along the edges of the excavation blocks (RF Patent 2060389, IPC ⁶ Е21С 41/20, application No. 5033860/03 from 02.10.1992, publ. 05.20.1996).

The disadvantages of this method are the presence of long deadlock faces, complicating the ventilation of the working area, as well as excessive bearing capacity of pillars on a low-power reservoir, respectively, an unjustified increase in mineral losses.

Closest to the proposed one is a method of developing close shallow potash seams with non-coaxial chambers with the passage of transport-excavation and ventilation drifts and performing cleaning operations with chambers with the formation of coaxially spaced pillars (RF Patent 2083829, IPC ⁶ Е21С 41/00, application No. 95107228/03 of 04.05 05 .1995, publ. 10.07.1997).

However, the misalignment of pillars with a low inter-layer power leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the camera-pillar system over the layers.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of mining a low-grade formation by increasing the extraction of minerals from the bowels by regularly cutting inter-chamber pillars, and ensuring effective ventilation and removal of dust from the working area of the drivers of the extraction machine and self-propelled transport equipment into the waste space.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a method for the combined development of adjoining formations of different capacities, including the preparation of mining blocks with subsequent mining of minerals by the combine chamber system, the layers in the mining block are worked out with the coaxial arrangement of chambers and pillars, while the lower-power layer is worked out by chamber a pillar system with regular cutting of interchamber tape pillars with failures in the direction of the front of the treatment work, while the ventilation of the working area and ue dust-laden air is effected by obscheshahtnoy depression closest to the bottom through interchamber sboyka, and a more powerful formation fulfill a camera system with a lag of thin layers.

The pillars are cut perpendicularly or at an angle to the treatment chamber.

The degree of loading of the interchamber tape pillars during mining of a low-power potash reservoir has, as a rule, a significant margin (due to the low height of the pillar).

The stability margin of the interchamber tape pillar with respect to the degree of loading due to a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the interchamber pillar allows to increase the extraction of minerals.

Depending on the geological and mining conditions, subject to the alignment with the treatment chambers of the adjacent potash formation, the most effective method is to cut the pillar, because in this case, when mining the chambers, the first move will be deadlocked at an insignificant distance between two adjacent faults, which will lead to an improvement in the working conditions of miners and an increase in the efficiency of the treatment equipment while ensuring the standard degree of loading in the initial contour of the tape pillar.

Thus, the proposed method of converging seams, when a low-power seam is worked out with the formation of columnar pillars as a result of cutting a tape interchamber pillar while observing the alignment condition with the treatment chambers of an adjoined potash reservoir, makes it possible to bring the degree of loading in the contour of the tape pillar to a standard value.

The combination of two different development systems for mining reservoirs allows to increase the extraction of minerals from the bowels while ensuring a steady state of the direct roof of the workings and safe underworking of the water-proof stratum.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 is a combined scheme of the treatment work during the extraction of two layers of different power; figure 2 is a section along aa, figure 3 is a node B; figure 4 - node B '.

In the drawings are indicated: 1 - excavation drift on the low-power formation (upper formation I); 2 - treatment chamber on the low-power formation (upper formation I); 3 - dead end approaches on the upper layer; 4 - ventilation drift on the upper layer; 5 - ore well; 6 - tunneling shearer on the upper layer; 7 - excavation drift on a powerful (lower II) layer; 8 - treatment chamber for a powerful) lower layer; 9 - ventilation drift on the lower layer; 10 - tunneling shearer on the lower layer; 11 - local ventilation fan with ventilation stand

The development of two layers is performed in a descending order both in the direct and in the reverse order of mining.

An example implementation of the method is given for the conditions of mining potash seams, when the upper layer is of low power (less than 2 meters), and the lower one is of high power (more than 3 meters) with the reverse order of mining the extraction block.

The development method is implemented as follows.

At the same time, ahead of the top, two close shallow flat potash formations of different capacities are being worked out.

Initially, the preparation of the excavation sections by excavation of the excavation drifts 1, 7 and ventilation 4, 9 on both layers is carried out (Fig. 1).

Then the tunneling and shearing combines 6 work out the upper (low-power) layer by chambers 2, and then the chambers 8 using the tunneling and shearing combine 10 work out the lower (powerful) layer. The development of the lower layer is performed with a distance of at least 50 m behind the upper layer. The coaxial arrangement of the chambers and pillars along the adjacent layers is also observed (Fig. 2).

It is possible to use a combine harvester of selective action, which allows minimally diluting the ore with field rocks.

Mined ore from the upper seam is transported through the drain wells 5 to the underlying seam.

In the process of mining the chambers 2 of the low-power stratum I in the direction of the front of the treatment works, the dead-end entries 3 are drilled by an amount equal to the width of the future interchamber pillar and the previously completed dead-end entries are opened. The distance between the dead end calls is determined by the mining conditions of mining (Fig.3, 4).

Deadlocks 3 (slotting of the tape interchamber pillar) are carried out simultaneously with the extraction of minerals in the treatment chamber.

Aeration of the working area and the removal of dusty air is carried out due to mine depression through the last opened inter-chamber fault (Figs. 3, 4). In this case, there is no need to use a local ventilation system during the cleaning recess of a low-power formation.

After the failure of the treatment chambers 2 with dead ends, the supply of fresh air and the removal of dust from the bottomhole zone is carried out through the newly formed and most distant inter-chamber fault. The supply of fresh air to the working area and the removal of dusty from the bottomhole zone is carried out due to the mine depression (without using a local ventilation system). Driving of treatment chambers and their airing on a high-power formation is carried out in a traditional order with a chamber system, using a local ventilation system 11.

The cutting of pillars can be carried out either perpendicularly or at an angle to the treatment chamber, depending on the specific mining conditions of mining the excavation site.

The use of the invention allows to increase the efficiency of mining a low-power formation by increasing the extraction of minerals from the bowels by regularly cutting inter-chamber pillars and ensuring effective ventilation and dust removal from the working area of excavation machine drivers and self-propelled transport equipment by removing dusty air through a short path into the outgoing air stream .

Claims (2)

1. A method for the combined development of converging formations of different capacities, including the preparation of mining blocks with subsequent mining of minerals by the combine chamber system in a descending order, characterized in that the layers are worked out in a mining block with the coaxial arrangement of chambers and pillars, while a lower-power layer is worked out by chamber a pillar system with regular cutting through of the interchamber tape pillars with failures in the direction of the front of the treatment work, while the ventilation of the working area and removal Dusty air is carried out due to the mine depression through the interchamber failure closest to the bottom, and a more powerful formation is worked out by a chamber system with a lag behind the low-power formation. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting of the pillars is carried out perpendicularly or at an angle to the treatment chamber.

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