RU2531961C1 - Device for isolation of well drilling problems zones by shutter with cylindrical sections - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil-and-gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to isolation of drilling problem zones. Proposed device comprises shaped shutter, shoe with check valve, expanding head of several sections, anchor assembly, hydraulic jack composed of piston with hollow rod and cylinder. After shutter is lowered in the well and expanding is by hydraulic pressure, shaped sections are expanded and gaged by lengthwise displacement of expanding head composed of punches under gravity of pipe string and by hydraulic jack, if required. Note here that force preventing the pipe string push-out at hydraulic jack operation is developed by hydraulic anchor. For efficient operation of hydraulic jack and anchor, this device exploits a pre-tunable hydraulic valve to activate hydraulic jack and anchor at expansion of cylindrical sections of shutter. Said valve comprises seat arranged outside the rod and pressed there against by spring at adjustable force. Hollow rod is equipped with extra valve that transmits from outside to inside.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of well drilling, and in particular to technology and means for eliminating complication zones when drilling wells.

A device for blocking the zone of complications in the well (AS SU No. 1712581, IPC ЕВВ 29/10, 33/13, published on February 15, 1992, Bull. No. 6), which includes a profile pipe with cylindrical sections at the ends, on the lower of which there is a shoe with a non-return valve, and in the upper - an expander with rolling elements, an expanding head located above the profile tube, consisting of several sections installed stepwise with rolling elements decreasing in diameter towards the distribution, rigidly interconnected: a gripping element locks th gear and the connection node with the drill pipes.

The main disadvantage of this device is the unreliability of isolation of the zones of complications of well drilling due to poor calibration of the inflated profile part of the overlap and poor-quality pressing of the cylindrical part of the overlap by flaring, which can lead to jamming of the bit when it is lowered after installing the profile overlap to continue drilling, to impair the tightness of the threaded joints of the overlap, and sometimes to their destruction due to reusable alternating load. Also, at shallow drilling intervals, the weight of the drill pipe string may not be enough to pass the cylindrical parts, which will lead to jamming of the tool and, as a result, to an emergency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed are the method and device for isolating the zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections (patent RU No. 2374424, IPC ЕВВ 29/10, publ. November 27, 2009 Bull. No. 33).

The device according to this patent includes a profile overlap with cylindrical sections and threaded connections mounted on the lower end of the overlap shoe with a check valve, an expanding head, consisting of several sections mounted on top of each other in the form of punches with working maximum diameters decreasing from section to section towards the overlap and containing on top the connection node with the pipe string, and below - the locking mechanism, as well as the anchor node, made with the possibility of interaction with the walls and a well or a profile blocker with increasing internal pressure, and a hydraulic jack installed sequentially below, consisting of connected coaxially hollow pistons and cylinders.

The disadvantages of this device are the unreliability and lack of efficiency of the anchor unit and the hydraulic jack, which is expressed in the following. In the expanding head, along with the use of 7 ”and 7” mechanical punches, the expanding inserts of which are constantly extended to the working position, the 7 ”” punches are used, in which the expanding inserts should be extended only after the shutter is lowered into the set interval of the well installation, immediately during calibration and distribution of the shutter, which is associated with the following requirements. On the one hand, the shutoff should be installed in the well without reducing the borehole diameter, on the other hand, the punches should freely, under their own weight, pass through the wellbore to the specified interval for installing the shutoff in the well. The extension of the 7 ”inch punching inserts occurs when the overpressure in the central channel increases, and at the same time, according to the description of the patent in question, a hydraulic jack and an anchor device begin to work. Thus, during the operation of the 7 ”punch, the hydraulic jack will be constantly engaged, and most importantly, the anchor device. This means that even when calibrating the profile part of the overlap, when the drill pipe string is sufficient for this and there is no need to use a hydraulic jack and an anchor device, the dies of the anchor device are extended at the same time as the 7 ”inch punch inserts are extended, which excludes normal operation when calibrating the profile parts of the overlapper using the weight of the pipe string. With a large length of the installed overlap (100 m or more), its calibration, including profile sections, using a hydraulic jack and an anchor device is impractical and takes a lot of time. The anchor assembly interacting with the walls of the borehole or profile blocking device must have a significant jamming force in order to prevent the drill string from being pushed out during operation of the hydraulic jack. Therefore, the hydraulic anchor with radially extendable dies in the proposed design unsatisfactorily performs its functions of securing the drill string. Field tests showed the unreliability of the anchor unit with radially extendable dies and the lack of efficiency of the hydraulic jack.

An object of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the device for eliminating zones of complication of well drilling due to its equipping with an adjustable hydraulic valve, which makes it possible to coordinate the operation of the hydraulic jack and anchor unit depending on the force of distribution by the punches of the profile overlap.

The specified technical problem is solved by a device for isolating zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections, including a profile overlap with cylindrical sections and threaded joints, a shoe with a check valve installed on the lower end of the overlap, expanding the head, consisting of several sections mounted on top of each other, with decreasing diameters of the working surfaces in the direction of the overlap and containing the bottom locking mechanism, hermetically connected with the upper end of the overlap, a connection unit with a pipe string installed above the expanding head, an anchor assembly configured to interact with the walls of the well or a profile overlap with increasing internal pressure, a hydraulic jack consisting of a piston with a hollow rod and a cylinder in communication with the rod cavity, sections of the expanding head are made in the form of punches with decreasing maximum diameters of the working surfaces from section to section towards the overlap, and each punch is made of a pus with a central channel and rails expanding from the overlap, on which, with limited movement, dormer inserts are mounted, supported by a pusher from the bottom of the overlap, and a cylinder with an annular piston communicating with the central channel of the housing communicating from above with the pusher is placed on the housing of the latter; Compression springs are placed on the bodies of the remaining punches, each resting on its bottom from the bottom, and on top of the pushers.

What is new is that the stem cavity is in communication with the cylinder and at the same time with the anchor assembly through an adjustable hydraulic valve consisting of a seat located outside the stem and pressed against it by a spring with adjustable valve force, while the hollow stem is equipped with an additional valve that passes from the outside inward.

It is also new that between the expanding head and the pair the anchor unit and the hydraulic jack are installed at least one additional similar pair of the anchor unit and the hydraulic jack with sequentially connected piston rods.

Figure 1 shows the upper part of the device, including a hydraulic jack, an anchor assembly and a hydraulic adjustable valve.

In Fig.2 - the upper part of the device with an additional similar pair of anchor unit, hydraulic jack and hydraulic adjustable valve.

Figure 3 - expanding head.

In Fig.4 on an enlarged scale shows the remote element In Fig.3.

In Fig.5 - on an enlarged scale remote element G of Fig.3.

Figure 6 - the lower part of the device, including the overlap with the locking mechanism of the expanding head and the shoe with a check valve.

Figure 7 on an enlarged scale shows the remote element A of figure 1 and figure 2: a hydraulic adjustable valve and an additional valve, passing from the outside into the hollow stem.

In Fig.8 on an enlarged scale shows the remote element B of Fig.1 and Fig.2: the anchor node.

A device for isolating complication zones (for example, caverns, shedding rocks, water showings, etc. are not shown in Fig.) While drilling a well 1 (see Figs. 1 and 2) includes a profile overlap 2 (see Fig. 6) with cylindrical sections 3 and threaded connections 4 in these sections for tight connection between each other, mounted on the lower end of the overlap 2 shoe 5 with a check valve 6, expanding head 7 (see figure 3), consisting of several sections 7 ', 7 ”, 7 ”, mounted one above the other, with decreasing diameter work surfaces 8 in the direction of the profile overlap 2 (see Fig. 6) and the lower locking mechanism 9, which is hermetically connected to the upper end of the overlap 2. Sections 7 ', 7 ", 7"' (see Fig. 3) of the expansion head 7 are made in in the form of punches 8 ', 8 ", 8"' with decreasing from section to section towards the overlap 2 (see Fig.6) the maximum diameters of the working surfaces 8 (see Fig.3), each punch 8 ', 8 ", 8 ”” Is made of a housing 10 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) with a central channel 11 and expanding from the overlap 2 (see 6) guides 12 (see FIGS. 4 and 5), on which, with limited displacement, dorning inserts 13 are mounted, supported from below from the overlap 2 (see FIG. 3) with a pusher 14 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) moreover, on the housing 10 (see FIG. 4) of the last from the overlap 2 (see FIG. 6) of the 8 ″ punch (see FIG. 4), a cylinder 15 connected with the central channel 11 with an annular piston 16 interacting from above with a pusher 14 and a spring 17 spring-loaded down from the housing 10, and on the bodies 10 (see FIG. 5) of the remaining punches 8 ′ and 8 ″ (see FIG. 3), compression springs 18 are located (see FIG. 5) each leaning from below on its own stop 19, and from above - on pushers 14.

The device comprises a hydraulic jack 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), consisting of an annular piston 21, connected coaxially with the hollow stem 22, and a cylinder 23, in communication with the cavity 24 of the stem 22 through an adjustable hydraulic valve 25. The stem 22 of the hydraulic jack 20 is rigidly connected from below with an expanding head 7 (see figure 3), and the top is free and has a protrusion 26 (see figures 1 and 2) to limit its progress.

The adjustable hydraulic valve 25 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 7) consists of a seat 27 (see Fig. 7) located outside the hollow stem 22 and pressed against it with an adjustable force by the spring 28 of the valve 29. The force of the spring 28 is adjusted nut 30. To relieve pressure and exit the fluid from the cylinder 23 (see Figs. 1 and 2), the hollow stem 22 (see Fig. 7) is equipped with an additional valve 31, which passes from the outside to the inside.

The device also contains an anchor assembly 32 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 8) mounted above the expansion head 7 (see Fig. 3), consisting of a cylinder 23 (see Fig. 8), a cone 33, expanding from the bottom up and rigidly connected with the cylinder 23, the dies 34 with the pushers 35, interacting with the annular pressed spring 36 down from the cylinder 23 by the piston 37, placed in the cavity between the cylinder 23 and the rod 22 of the hydraulic jack 20 (see figures 1 and 2), and the dies 34 ( see Fig. 8) are made interacting with the cone 33 and expandable when moving upward under the action of the annular piston I 37 and pushers 35 before interacting with the walls of the well 1 (see FIG. 6) or the profile overlap 2. The cone 33 (see FIG. 8) is rigidly connected to the hermetic casing 38, which, in turn, is rigidly connected from above through the assembly connection 39 (see figure 1 and 2) with a pipe string 40.

In the case of installing an additional similar pair of anchor assembly 32 (see Fig. 2) and hydraulic jack 20, the rods 22 of the pistons 21 of the hydraulic jacks 20 are rigidly and sequentially interconnected. Installation of additional hydraulic jacks 20 and anchor assemblies 32 is necessary if the axial force developed by one hydraulic jack 20 is insufficient to distribute the profile overlap 2 (see Fig. 6) of large diameter and / or large wall thickness.

Sealing elements 41, 42, 43, 44 serve to seal and prevent leaks in the device. Technical structural elements for which the authors do not claim are not indicated or are indicated conditionally.

The device operates as follows.

After assembling the overlap 2 (see FIG. 6) at the wellhead 1 and attaching to the overlap 2 an expansion head 7 (see FIG. 3), a hydraulic jack 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and pre-configured with a threaded nut 30 (see Fig. 7) by a certain value of the set pressure (opening) of the adjustable hydraulic valve 25, additional valve 31 (see Fig. 7) and the anchor assembly 32 (see Figs. 1 and 2), the device is connected through the connection unit 39 to pipes 40, which lower it into the well 1.

After lowering the overlap 2 (see Fig. 6) into the well 1 on the pipe string 40 (see Figs. 1 and 2) to the interval where it is necessary to isolate the zone of the complication of drilling the well 1 (see Fig. 6), into the profile overlap 2 through the drill pipe string 40 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the cavity 24 of the rods 22, the central channel 11 (see FIG. 3) of the expansion head 7, the locking mechanism 9 (see FIG. 6) are supplied with excess pressure, and the value is less than the response pressure (opening) of the adjustable hydraulic valve 25 (see figures 1 and 2). Under the action of excessive internal pressure, the check valve 6 (see FIG. 6) of the shoe 5 closes, the profile sections of the overlap 2 expand and press against the walls of the well 1, and the annular piston 16 (see FIG. 4) in the cylinder 15 of the section 7 ″ ( see figure 3) of the expanding head 7 through the pusher 14 (see figure 4) along the guides 12 of the housing 10 displays in the working position the dowel inserts 13 of the punch 8 "." In this case, the turning inserts 13 (see FIG. 5) of the punches 8 ′ (see FIG. 3) and 8 ”of the sections 7 ′ and 7” of the expansion head 7 are already located in the compression springs 18, each resting on the bottom on its stop 19, in working position. The casing 38 (see figures 1 and 2) provides the connection of the anchor assembly 32 and the cylinder 23 of the hydraulic jack 20 to the pipe string 40, as well as the tightness of the device.

When unloading a device with a pipe string 40 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) under their weight, the locking mechanism 9 (see FIG. 6) disengages from the upper end of the shutoff 2. When further unloading the pipe string 39 (see FIG. 1 and 2) and its descent, the expanding head 7 (see FIG. 3) with its working surfaces 8 of the punches 8 ′, 8 ”, 8” ″ sequentially drives and calibrates the profile part of the overlap 2 under the weight of all the equipment (see FIG. 6).

When the cylindrical sections 3 and threaded joints 4 of the overlap 2 are turned off, when the weight of the pipe string 40 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is not enough to distribute it, an excess pressure is created in the pipe string 40 in excess of the set pressure (opening) of the adjustable hydraulic valve 25 In this case, the excess fluid pressure, overcoming the force of the compressed spring 28 (see Fig. 7), through the valve 29, squeezed from the seat 27, occurs in the cylinder 23 (see Figs. 1 and 2) of the hydraulic jack 20 and the anchor assembly 32. Excess pressure acting on the piston 37 (see Fig. 8) of the anchor assembly 32 , makes it move upward along with the pushers 35, pushing the dies 34 to its working position, i.e. until they interact with the walls of the well 1 (see FIG. 6) or the overlap 2. At the same time, overpressure acts on the pistons 21 of the hydraulic jack 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), which, in turn, through rigid fastening with rods 22 make them move down. The rod 22 acts by this axial load created by the hydraulic jack on the expanding head 7 (see FIG. 3), which, with its punches 8 ′, 8 ”, 8”, terminates and calibrates the cylindrical sections 3 (see FIG. 6) and threaded connections 4 of the overlap 2. The force created by hydraulic jacks 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is held by the dies 34 (see FIG. 8) of the anchor assemblies 32 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) interacting with the walls of the well 1 (see FIG. 6) or overlap 2. The piston stroke 21 (see figures 1 and 2) of the hydraulic jacks 20 is limited by the protrusion 26 of the rod 22.

After the pistons 21 with the rods 22 move down, i.e. the hydraulic jack 20 will move, the excess pressure in the pipe string 40 is relieved. As a result, the excess pressure in the cylinder 23 of the hydraulic jack 20 and the anchor assembly 32 is released through an additional valve 31 (see Fig. 7), passing from the outside to the inside, and under the action of the spring 17 (see 4) the pusher 14 and the turning inserts 13 are returned to their original position. After that, the pipe string 40 is lifted (see FIGS. 1 and 2). In this case, the dies 34 of the anchor assembly 32 are disengaged from the cone 33 (see Fig. 8), and under the action of the spring 36, the annular piston 37 returns down from the cylinder 23 to its original position. The end of the stroke of the rods 22 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) of the hydraulic jacks 20 and the release of the dies 34 (see FIG. 8) of the anchor assemblies 32 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) from engagement with the walls of the well 1 or the profile overlap 2 (see 6) is determined by the hydraulic weight indicator (not shown in FIG.) at the wellhead 1 and the movement of the pipe string 40 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

Then, overpressure is again created in the pipe string 40, the value of which is less than the response pressure (opening) of the adjustable hydraulic valve 25, the pipe string 40 is unloaded and lowered until the expansion head 7 (see FIG. 3) for turning and calibrating the shutter 2 (see FIG. 6) the weight of the pipe string 40 will not be sufficient (see FIGS. 1 and 2). After that, excess pressure is again created in the pipe string 40, which exceeds the set pressure (opening) of the adjustable hydraulic valve 25, thereby actuating the anchor assembly 32 and the hydraulic jack 20, turning and calibrating with punches 8 ', 8 ", 8"' (see figure 3) cylindrical sections 3 (see figure 6) and threaded connections 4 of the overlap 2.

Upon reaching the lower part of the shoe 4 device, a catcher (not shown in FIG.) Captures the fishing head (not shown) of the shoe 4, after which the punches 8 ′, 8 ”, 8” ”(see FIG. 3) are turned and calibrated at the bottom of the overlap 2 (see Fig.6). After that, the shoe 4, the locking mechanism 9, the expanding head 7 (see figure 3), the hydraulic jack 20 (see figures 1 and 2) and the anchor assembly 32 on the pipe string 40 are removed from the well.

The number of hydraulic jacks 20 and anchor assemblies 32 depends on the maximum required force when turning and calibrating the overlap 2 (see Fig. 6), which is determined by the diameter and wall thickness of the overlap 2, namely, the larger the diameter and wall thickness of the profile overlap 2, the greater the axial the force is required for its distribution by the punches 8 ', 8 ", 8"' (see Fig. 3), the more hydraulic jacks 20 are needed to create this force and, as a result, the more anchor units 32 are needed to hold this force.

The proposed device can improve the reliability and efficiency of the hydraulic jack and anchor device through the use of an adjustable hydraulic valve.

Claims (2)

1. A device for isolating zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections, including a profile overlap with cylindrical sections and threaded joints, a shoe with a check valve installed on the lower end of the overlap, expanding the head, consisting of several sections mounted on top of each other, with decreasing the diameter of the working surfaces in the direction of the overlap and containing the bottom locking mechanism, hermetically connected to the upper end of the overlap, installed an assembly with a pipe string, an anchor assembly configured to interact with the walls of the well or a profile blocker when the internal pressure increases, a hydraulic jack consisting of a piston with a hollow rod and a cylinder in communication with the rod cavity, sections of the expansion head made in in the form of punches with decreasing maximum diameters of the working surfaces from section to section towards the overlap, and each puncheon is made of a housing with a central channel and expanding guides on which, with the possibility of limited movement, are installed dorning inserts, supported by a pusher from the bottom of the shutter, moreover, a cylinder with an annular piston communicating with the pusher communicating from above with the pusher is placed on the body of the latter from the punch shutter and interacts on the top with the pusher, and on the bodies of the remaining punches are placed compression springs, each resting on its lower support and on the pushers on top, characterized in that the stem cavity is in communication with the cylinder and at the same time with an anchor assembly through an adjustable hydraulic valve, consisting of a seat located outside the stem and a spring pressed to it with an adjustable valve force, while the hollow stem is equipped with an additional valve that passes from the outside inward. 2. A device for isolating zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections according to claim 1, characterized in that between the expanding head and the pair of the anchor assembly and the hydraulic jack there is at least one additional similar pair of the anchor assembly and the hydraulic jack with sequentially connected piston rods.

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