RU2483190C1 - Method and device for isolation of troublesome zones when drilling wells with shaped shutter with cylindrical sections - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: when implementing the method, a shutter is lowered to a troublesome zone, shaped sections of the shutter are expanded by creating hydraulic pressure in it and calibrated by means of sections of the expanding head, which are made in the form of puncheons, in a downward direction by pushing through the shutter with the weight of a pipe string, and with a hydraulic jack in the sections requiring additional forces. Besides, prior to lowering, one or more hinge assemblies are installed between the sections, and pressure drop in the hydraulic jack and the last puncheon in relation to the shutter is created due to nozzles. At that, force of the hydraulic jack fixation relative to the well is created with the weight of the pipe string or due to friction of those pipes on the well walls. The device includes a shaped shutter, sections of the expanding head, and a hydraulic jack with a central channel, which is connected to upper end of the shutter. Nozzles are installed inside the expanding head, and one or more hinge assemblies are arranged between its sections.

EFFECT: avoiding the probability of tool sticking owing to shortening the length and application of hinge assemblies increasing the tool flexibility, and allowing to reduce time expenditures when isolating the well troublesome zones.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the drilling and repair of oil and gas wells, in particular for the isolation of zones of complications of well drilling.

The well-known "Method and device for isolating the zones of complications of well drilling" (AS No. 1712581, IPC ЕВВ 29/10, 33/13, publ. Bull. No. 6 from 02.15.92).

The method carried out using this device includes lowering the overlap, having cylindrical sections and threaded connections, into the zone of drilling complication with the help of installation equipment, expanding the profile sections of the overlap by creating hydraulic pressure in it until their walls are pressed against the walls of the well, distributing cylindrical sections with threaded connections and calibration of profile sections by rolling (see the description of the invention to AS No. 1712581).

The device for isolating the zones of complications of drilling wells (according to the specified author's certificate) includes a profile shutter with cylindrical sections and threaded joints, an expanding head, consisting of several sections installed stepwise with rolling elements decreasing in diameter towards the distribution, installed at the lower end blocker shoe with non-return valve and an element captured when disconnecting from the overlap, rigidly interconnected: locking element, locking mechanism and assembly neniya with drill pipes.

The main disadvantages of this method and device for its implementation are the low reliability of isolation of the zones of complications of well drilling due to poor calibration of the inflated profile part of the overlap and low-quality pressing of the cylindrical part of the overlap by flaring, as a result of which the profile and cylindrical parts of the overlap are pressed in a spiral, which can lead to jamming of the bit when lowering it after installing the profile shutter to continue drilling, to the violation of the tightness of the threaded compounds of the overlap, and sometimes to their destruction due to reusable alternating load. Also, at shallow intervals of drilling disturbances, the weight of the pipes may not be enough to pass the cylindrical parts, which will lead to jamming of the tool and, as a consequence, an emergency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed ones are “Method and device for isolating the zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections” (Pat. RU No. 2374424, IPC ЕВВ 29/10, publ. Bulletin No. 33 of November 27, 2009 .), including the descent of the overlapper with the shoe into the complication zone on the pipe string, equipped with a locking mechanism, an expanding head, consisting of several sections mounted on top of each other with decreasing diameter working surfaces towards the overlap, expanding of profile sections Perekryvatel creating therein a hydraulic pressure distribution of the cylindrical and calibration profile sections by means of a spreading head. In this case, the sections of the expanding head made in the form of punches, which are made with the possibility of decreasing their diameter when removed from the overlap, and the last one from the overlapping punch, also increase their diameter to the working one by means of hydraulic pressure, during distribution and calibration they give longitudinal movement from top to bottom with pushing through the cutter weight of the pipe string, and in areas requiring additional effort, for example, when distributing and calibrating cylindrical sections, with a hydraulic jack. The hydraulic jack is connected at the top with the anchor unit, made with the possibility of interaction with the walls of the well, and at the bottom - with a hydraulic centralizer. When lifting the anchor unit, a hydraulic jack with a hydraulic centralizer relative to the head of the head, bleed the liquid inside the pipe string using a bypass valve.

The disadvantages of this method and device are the availability of auxiliary equipment, such as an anchor, a centralizer, a bypass valve, which ultimately leads to an increase in the length of the layout and, as a result, to a deterioration of the tool throughput and a decrease in its reliability. In addition, this equipment allows you to work only step by step, i.e. you must first anchor, then distribute the section of the profile shutter with the help of a hydraulic jack, relieve the hydraulic pressure so that the pistons of the anchors return to the transport position and only then continue the descent to the next distributable section. To reduce the number of these operations, the stroke length of the hydraulic jack is selected to the maximum possible, which also leads to a general increase in the length of the layout.

The technical objectives of the invention are to increase the reliability of equipment by simplifying its design, eliminating the likelihood of "sticking" of the tool by reducing the length and use of hinge assemblies that increase the flexibility of the tool, as well as reducing time costs when isolating drilling complication zones.

The technical problem is solved by the method of isolating the zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections, including the descent of the overlap with a shoe into the zone of complication on the pipe string, sections of the expanding head mounted on top of each other with decreasing diameters of the working surfaces towards the overlap and made in the form of punches which are installed with the ability to reduce their diameter when removed from the overlapper, and the last from the overlap punch - also increase its diameter to the worker using hydraulic pressure, expanding the profile sections of the overlap by creating hydraulic pressure in it, distributing cylindrical sections and calibrating the profile sections using the expanding head due to longitudinal movement from top to bottom with pushing through the ceiling plate by the weight of the pipe string, and in areas requiring additional force when distributing and calibration of cylindrical sections - with a hydraulic jack.

What is new is that before descent, one or more hinge assemblies are installed between sections of the expanding head to increase the flexibility of the expanding head and its passage when descending in sections of the well that have curvature, and the pressure drop in the hydraulic jack and the last punch from the shutter for passing sections requiring additional efforts, create due to one or more fittings installed inside the expansion head below the last punch, while the force of fixation of the hydraulic jack relative to the well creates by weight of the pipe string, and due to the friction of these pipes about the borehole wall.

The technical problem for the implementation of the method is solved by a device for isolating zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections, including a profile overlap with cylindrical sections and threaded joints, a shoe with a check valve installed on the lower end of the overlap, sections of the expanding head mounted one above the other with decreasing in diameter work surfaces in the direction of the overlap, made in the form of punches and containing a connection node from the bottom of the column t UB, hermetically connected to the upper end of the overlap, a hydraulic jack installed above the expanding head with a central passage channel, consisting of coaxially connected hollow pistons and cylinders, each punch made of a housing with a central channel and rails expanding from the overlap, on which guides are installed with limited movement dorning inserts, supported by a pusher from the bottom of the overlap, while the communicated from the central is placed on the housing of the latter from the punch overlap independent channels cylinder body with an annular piston, connected from above with the pusher and adapted for limited axial movement by the hydraulic pressure, and the annular pistons remaining punches are biased toward the operative position with the possibility to reduce its diameter when removed from Perekryvatel.

New is that between the sections of the expansion head one or more hinge assemblies are installed that allow the sections to deviate to a limited extent relative to each other, and fittings are installed inside the expansion head below the last from the punch shutter to create a pressure drop above them when pumping liquid through the expansion head, while the piston of the latter from the punch shutter is spring-loaded from its housing towards the transport position.

Figure 1 shows the upper part of the device with a partial longitudinal section.

Figure 2 shows the lower part of the device with a partial longitudinal section.

3 shows a 6 ″ ″ punch with a partial longitudinal section in the working position.

Figure 4 shows a hinge assembly with a partial longitudinal section.

A device for isolating drilling complication zones (not shown) of a well (not shown) with a profile block 1 (see FIG. 2) with cylindrical sections 2 includes a profile block 1 with cylindrical sections 2 and threaded joints 3 in these sections for a tight connection to each other, installed on the lower end of the overlap 1 shoe 4 with a check valve 5, the expanding head 6 (see figures 1 and 2), consisting of several sections 6 ', 6' 'and 6' '', mounted one above the other with decreasing in diameter workers 7 sides profile shutter 1 (see Fig. 2) and containing on top the connection unit 8 (see Fig. 1) with a pipe string 9, and below the locking mechanism 10 (see Fig. 2), hermetically connected to the upper end of the shutter 1, s a guide device 11, which also serves to push the shoe 4 from the profile overlap 1.

The device further comprises one or more (depending on the curvature of the well) hinge assemblies 12 (see FIG. 1) installed between sections of the expansion head 6, a hydraulic jack 13 consisting of connected coaxially hollow pistons and cylinders (not shown in FIG. 1) . Moreover, sections 6 ', 6' 'and 6' '' of the expanding head 6 are made in the form of punches with decreasing from section 6 '' 'sequentially to section 6' towards the overlap with the corresponding working maximum diameters: d3> d2> d1 (not shown) .

Each punch 6 ', 6' 'and 6' '' is made of a housing 15 (see Fig. 3) with a central channel 16 and guide rails 17 extending from the overlap 1, on which dormer inserts 18 are mounted with limited movement, supported from below from of the pusher 19, while on the case 15 of the latter from the punch shutter 6 ″ there is placed a cylinder 21 connected with the central channel 16 through the hole 20 with an annular piston 22 interacting from above with the pusher 19 and a spring-loaded compression spring 23 from the body 15 towards transportprovisions made with the possibility of limited axial movement due to hydraulic pressure, and unauthorized fluid flows in the device exclude seals 24. The annular pistons (not shown in FIG. 2) of the remaining punches 6 'and 6' 'are spring-loaded towards the working position with the ability to reduce their diameter when removing from overlap 1. In addition, fittings 14 are installed at the lower end of each of the punches 6 ', 6' 'and 6' '' (see 1, 2 and 3), due to which, when pumping through the layout of the washing liquid, a differential pressure is created, which is necessary for the uprising inserts 18 of the upper from the profile overlap 1 of the punch 6`` '' to enter the working position and the operation of the hydraulic jack 13.

The hinge assembly 12 consists of an upper 25 (see FIG. 4) and a lower 26 of the housing parts with a central passage channel 27 interconnected by a yoke 28. The lower part 26 of the hinge assembly has the possibility of a limited deviation from the center line by a certain angle to provide the flexibility of expanding head 6 and its passage during the descent in sections of the well with curvature. Using threads 29, the hinge assembly is connected to the sections of the expansion head 6, and its tightness is ensured by a seal 30 (for example, a high pressure sleeve).

The method is implemented in the following sequence.

The profile shutter 1 (see Fig. 2) is assembled at the wellhead, fixing the shoe 4 with the check valve 5 at the bottom, screwing the cylindrical sections 2 with screwed connections 3. After that, the profile shutter 1 (see Fig. 2) is fixed at the wellhead and the locking mechanism 10 is inserted in it, which is similar to the locking mechanism described in patent RU No. 2374424 (see bulletin No. 33 of November 27, 2009). The lowering device 11 interacts with the upper narrowing of the profile overlap 1, excluding longitudinal backlashes. Above the locking mechanism 10, punches 6 ′ (see FIG. 2) and 6 ″ are installed with springs pressing the mandrel inserts towards the working position, ensuring their maximum working diameter d1 and d2. The punch 6 '' '(see Fig. 3) consists of a housing 15 (see Fig. 3) with a central channel 16 and guides 17 extending from the overlap 1, on which the mandrel inserts 18, supported from below from the overlap, are installed with limited movement the pusher 19, while on the housing 15 is placed connected with the Central channel 16 through the hole 20 cylinder 21 with an annular piston 22, interacting from above with the pusher 19 and a spring-loaded compression spring 23 from the housing 15 in the direction of the transport position, configured to limit axial displacement due to hydraulic pressure, and unauthorized fluid flows in the device exclude seals 24. Between the punches 6 '' and 6 '' ', and, if necessary, 6', the hinge assemblies 12 are installed. The hinge assembly 12 consists of the upper 25 ( see Fig. 4) and the lower 26 of the housing with the central passage channel 27 interconnected by a yoke 28. The lower part 26 of the hinge assembly has the possibility of a limited deviation from the center line at a certain angle to provide flexibility for the expanding head 6 and its passage and descent on the well sections with curvature. Using threads 29, the hinge assembly is connected to the sections of the expansion head 6, and its tightness is ensured by a seal 30 (for example, a high pressure sleeve).

Above the 6 '' punch, a hydraulic jack 13 is connected, as well as a connection unit 8 (see Fig. 1) (for example, a female thread coupling) with a pipe string 9 (drill pipe (BT) and / or drill collar, depending on the required weight pipe string 9). The hydraulic jack 13 can also be made of any design, the pistons and cylinders (not shown in figure 1) which are moved apart with increasing pressure inside the hydraulic jack 13.

The pressure drop inside the hydraulic jack 13 and the upper punch 6 ″ ″ is created due to the installation of fittings 14 at the bottom of each section of the punches 6 ’, 6 ″ and 6 ″ ″. The diameter of the nozzle 14 and their number are selected by calculation.

After assembly, the device on the pipe string 9 is lowered into the installation interval of the profile shutoff 1. In this case, the liquid through the check valve 5 of the shoe 4, the profile shutoff 1, the central channels 16 of the punches 6, the central channel 27 of the hinge assembly 12, the hydraulic jack 13 fills the pipe string 9. By when the interval of isolation of the zones of complication of well drilling is reached in the pipe string 9, excessive pressure is created, which is supplied to the profile shutoff 1.

As a result, the check valve 5 of the shoe 4 is closed, the profile sections of the overlap 1 are expanded before interaction and preliminary fixation with the walls of the well. This also leads to the fact that the locking mechanism 10 with the guide device 11 (see figure 2) is freed from interacting with the upper narrowing of the profile overlap 1 and when unloading the device with a pipe string 9 (see figure 1) under their weight, the device gradually moves inside the overlap 1.

Next, the pressure in the system is reduced to the optimal one, in which the hydraulic jack 13 remains in its lowest position, and the mandrel inserts 18 of the 6 6 '' punch remain in the working position, ensuring the working diameter d3, and the tool begins to unload. Further, after entering the profile overlap 1 (see figure 1), punches 6 '(see figure 2), 6' 'and 6' '', decreasing in diameter by the working surfaces 7 towards the overlap 1 (see figure 1 ) and decreasing from the 6 ″ ’punch (see FIG. 2) sequentially to the 6’ punch toward the overlap with the corresponding working maximum diameters d3> d2> d1, they sequentially turn over and calibrate the profile part of the overlap 1 under the weight of the tool assembly (see figure 3).

In sections of the profile overlap 1, requiring additional efforts, for example, when distributing and calibrating cylindrical sections 2 or collapses (not shown in FIG. 2), the pipe string 9 is completely unloaded (see FIG. 1). As a result, the cylinders and pistons of the hydraulic jack 13 (see figure 2) are shifted, moving the hydraulic jack in the working position. Then, increasing the pump capacity (not shown), additional pressure is created in the pipe string 9 (see FIG. 1), as a result of which the pistons of the hydraulic jack 13 together with the rod begin to push the sections of the expanding head 6 fixed below the sections of the profile overlap 1, requiring additional effort, i.e. the force of the hydraulic jack 13 is also added to the weight of the pipe string 9 and the tool. In this case, the hydraulic jack fixing force relative to the well is created by the weight of the pipe string and due to the friction of these pipes against the well walls.

In sections of the profile overlap 1, where additional effort is not required, the turning and calibration by punches 6 ', 6' 'and 6' '' (see figures 1 and 2) are made by pushing them under the weight of the pipe string 9 (see figure 1 ) through the profile overlap 1 (see figure 2).

When the guide device 11 reaches the shoe 4, it is extruded from the bottom of the profile overlap 1 by the weight of the pipe string 9, and also the mandrel 6 ', 6' 'and 6' 'are punched and calibrated at the bottom of the profile overlap 1 (see Fig. 1 and 2). After the upper punch 6 '' 'leaves the profile overlap 1, turn off the pump and make the layout upgrade. The 6 '' 'punching inserts then return to their original transport position under the action of a spring.

Shoe 4 falls to the bottom and, since it is made of easily drilled material, during further drilling of the wellbore, its destruction occurs.

In the interaction of the punches 6 'and 6' '(see figure 2) with the walls of the well (for example, when shedding rock), the cutting inserts with pushers, overcoming the efforts of the springs, move along the guides down and reduce their maximum diameter. Thanks to what the punches 6 'and 6' 'freely pass these sections when lifting without jamming the device and emergency situations.

This invention improves the reliability of equipment by simplifying its design, eliminating the likelihood of “sticking" the tool by reducing the length and use of hinge assemblies that increase the flexibility of the tool, as well as reduce time spent on isolation of drilling complication zones.

Claims (2)

1. The method of isolating the zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections, including the descent of the overlap with a shoe into the zone of complication on the pipe string, sections of the expanding head mounted on top of each other with decreasing diameters of the working surfaces towards the overlap and made in the form of punches installed with the ability to reduce its diameter when removed from the overlapper, and the last from the overlap punch - also increase its diameter to the working one using hydra pressure, expanding the profile sections of the overlapper by creating hydraulic pressure in it, distributing cylindrical sections and calibrating the profile sections using the expanding head due to longitudinal movement from top to bottom with pushing through the overlap by the weight of the pipe string, and in areas requiring additional effort when distributing and calibrating cylindrical sections - a hydraulic jack, characterized in that before the descent, one or more hinge assemblies are installed between the sections of the expanding head for The flexibility of the expanding head and its passage during descent in sections of the well that have curvature, and the pressure drop in the hydraulic jack and the last punch from the shutter to pass the sections requiring additional effort, are created by one or more fittings installed inside the expansion head below the last punch, in this case, the force of fixation of the hydraulic jack relative to the well is created by the weight of the pipe string and due to the friction of these pipes against the walls of the well. 2. A device for isolating zones of complication of drilling a well with a profile overlap with cylindrical sections, including a profile overlap with cylindrical sections and threaded connections, mounted on the lower end of the overlap shoe with a check valve, sections of the expanding head mounted one above the other with decreasing diameter work surfaces to the side the shutter, made in the form of punches and containing the bottom locking mechanism, hermetically connected to the upper end of the shutter, installed A hydraulic jack above the expanding head with a central passage channel, consisting of connected coaxially hollow pistons and cylinders, each punch made of a housing with a central channel and rails expanding from the overlap, on which the dowel inserts are mounted, with limited movement, and supported by a plunger supported from below from the overlap, at the same time, a cylinder with an annular piston connected to rkhu with a pusher and made with the possibility of limited axial movement due to hydraulic pressure, and the annular pistons of the remaining punches are spring-loaded towards the working position with the ability to reduce its diameter when removed from the overlap, characterized in that one or more hinge assemblies are installed between the sections of the expanding head, allowing the sections to be deflected to a limited extent relative to each other, and inside the expansion head below the last from the punch cutter, fittings for creating a pressure difference above them when pumping the fluid through the expanding head, while the piston of the latter from the punch shutter is spring-loaded from its body towards the transport position.

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