RU2530916C1 - Device for processing of surface of road pavings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device contains the hollow motionless barrel (1), inside which axially on bearings the shaft (4) with the motionlessly fixed in pairs coupled disks (2) is installed. On the surface of the coupled disks (2) the arcs (3), are fixed, with the radius of roundness equal to half of the disk diameter (2). The working members (5) are made as rods with replaceable tips (12) and are kept in initial position with the extension springs. Meanwhile the working members (5) are installed radially in the same row in holes of trapezoidal box, fixed to a hollow motionless barrel (1), with a possibility of impacting the surface of the road paving and returning to initial position by means of springs. The working members (5) have on the opposite end the head with pair of blocks (13). The internal ends of arcs (3) are directed towards the disk centre (2), and the outer ends of each pair of arcs (3) are ended on the disk cut (2). The outer ends of each pair of arcs (3) are fixed with a possibility of pickup of heads of working members (5) during rotating the shaft (4), extension of springs and lifting of working members (5). Meanwhile the working members (5) are located symmetrically between two neighbouring disks (2), and the arcs (3) on the neighbouring disks (2) with reference to each other are located with a phase lag.

EFFECT: elimination of resonance phenomena, destroying a structure.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used for chipping ice and compacted snow from pavements of sidewalks, roadways and runways of airfields. It can also be used to give a certain relief to the old road surface in order to increase the adhesion of the newly applied. When installing the appropriate interchangeable lugs, it can also be used to seal various bulk materials, for example, the fundamentals of the road surface.

A known vibro-breaker [1], in which splitting milling tools are used as a destructive coating on the working bodies, and the holder is mounted in a plate driven in a vertical oscillatory motion by one or two vibration exciters mounted on the same plate. The disadvantage of the vibro-cleaver of this design is its low reliability, high energy consumption for oscillation of a large mass platform, instability of the platform and instability when processing surfaces that are at an angle, that is, having both longitudinal and transverse slopes, since the system is located on only two springs , then their one-sided deformation is possible. The springs do not have stabilizing elements, for example rods, so in extreme cases there is a danger of the plate jumping off with the working bodies from the spring suspension. With an increase in the frequency of oscillations, vibration, and cyclic shock loads induced on the fastening elements (on the holders), threaded joints quickly relax, reducing the reliability of the structure as a whole. With such a mass of the structure, the operator will almost not be able to purposefully move the vibrator and control its operation on its own. In this sense, this design poses a potential hazard to the health and life of the operator.

Also known is the ice cleaner [2], in which the shock impulse to the working bodies, bits in a certain sequence is transmitted through the rocker arms. The bit returns to its original position by springs. The disadvantage of this cleaner is that the rocker-chisel-surface system is a rigidly connected kinematic chain, that is, when the bit comes in contact with the surface to be treated, the bit material, rocker arm and other structural details experience compression stress, without being able to soften it. This leads to the appearance of fatigue in the material of parts and their deformation. Of particular danger is the situation when the bit hits the surface of increased hardness, for example, pieces of reinforced concrete, stone. Even when ice is chipped, at the moment of contact, the bit through the rigidity of the system lifts the whole structure. Since there are many bits, there are constant microbouncing of the whole structure as a whole, that is, the structure, undergoing micro displacements in the vertical direction, experiences constant vibration. Under a certain mode of operation, the system can enter into resonance, which can lead to destruction of the structure or to a sharp decrease in its durability. In addition, resonant phenomena complicate the operator's management of the ice cleaner. Also disadvantages include the fact that part of the impact energy is extinguished by overcoming the elasticity of the springs of the mechanism for returning the bit to its original position and overcoming the inertia of its mass.

Thus, the disadvantage of existing devices and structures for ice chipping is their bulkiness, large mass, low reliability, high energy consumption for driving the working bodies, insufficient controllability during operation and low efficiency of use.

The objective of the invention is to create a universal device. The technical result consists in providing the possibility of surface treatment of road surfaces covered with ice or compacted snow, as well as in the possibility of giving the road surface a certain relief. Also achieved is a reduction in the mass and dimensions of the structure, increasing the reliability of the work by eliminating the resonance phenomena that destroy the structure as a whole, in more fully using the drive energy of the working body due to the unidirectional action of the spring elasticity and gravity of the working body.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for surface treatment of road surfaces contains a hollow stationary cylinder, inside of which a shaft with fixedly mounted pairwise paired disks is mounted coaxially on the bearings. On the surface of paired disks, arcs are fixed having a radius of rounding equal to half the diameter of the disk. The working bodies are made in the form of rods with interchangeable tips and are held in their original position by tensile springs. In this case, the working bodies are installed radially in one row in the holes of the trapezoidal duct attached to the hollow stationary cylinder, with the possibility of striking the surface of the road surface and returning to its original position by means of springs. The working bodies have a head with a pair of plain bearings at the opposite end. The inner ends of the arcs are directed toward the center of the disk, and the outer ends of each pair of arcs end at the edge of the disk. The outer ends of each pair of arches are fixed with the possibility of picking up the heads of the working bodies during rotation of the shaft, stretching the springs and lifting the working bodies. In this case, the working bodies are located symmetrically between two adjacent disks, and the arcs on adjacent disks relative to each other are located with a phase shift.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the device in cross section,

figure 2 shows the device in longitudinal section.

The device comprises a hollow stationary cylinder 1, inside of which a shaft 4 is mounted coaxially on the bearings with pairwise paired disks 2 fixed by means of a key 11. Arcs 3 are fixed on the surface of the paired disks 2, having a rounding radius R equal to half the diameter of the disk 2. Working bodies 5 are made in the form of rods with interchangeable tips 12 and are held in their initial position by tensile springs 7. In this case, the working bodies 5 are installed radially in one row by means of guide bushings 8 in the holes of the trapezoidal duct 9 attached to the hollow stationary cylinder 1, with the possibility of striking the surface of the road surface and returning to the initial position by means of springs 7. The working bodies 5 are on the opposite the end of the head with a pair of plain bearings 13. The inner ends of the arcs 3 are directed toward the center of the disk 2, and the outer ends of each pair of arcs 3 are completed on the edge of the disk 2. The outer ends of each pair of arches 3 are fixed with the possibility of picking up the heads with a pair of sliding bearings 13 during the rotation of the shaft 4, stretching the springs 7 and lifting the working bodies 5. In this case, the working bodies 5 are located symmetrically between two adjacent disks 2, and the arcs 3 on adjacent disks 2 are located relative to each other with a phase shift, which can be calculated from the expression:

$$\varphi =\frac{{360}^0}{n},$$

where n is the number of working rods.

Also in the drawings, the following notation:

ω is the angular velocity,

d is the diameter of the head of the working body with a bearing,

l is the distance between the beginning and end of adjacent arcs, where l> d.

In figure 1, the arrow shows the direction of rotation of the disk.

A device for surface treatment operates as follows. The shaft 4 mounted on the bearings is driven in rotation. In this case, the arcs 3 of the adjacent disks 2 with their outer ends go under the axis with sliding bearings, picking them up as the disk rotates and stretching the spring 7, lift the rod by the value of h. When the axis with the bearings rotating on it reaches the inner ends of the arcs 3, the rods 5 under the action of the spring 7 and their own mass break off the arcs and hit with replaceable tips 12 about the surface of, for example, ice (when the ice crust breaks from the surface of the road surface), destroying it. Depending on the type of ice crust or the type of compacted snow, interchangeable tips 12 of various shapes are used. The impact force is controlled by the number of working turns of the spring 7 (which are changed using a curly washer 6, a pin 10 and the mass of interchangeable tips 12. The proposed device can also be used to give the desired relief to the old road surface in order to increase the adhesion of the newly applied. When installing the corresponding interchangeable tips It can also be used for compaction of various bulk materials, for example, pavement foundations.

For one revolution of the shaft 4, the duty cycle is repeated a number of times equal to the number of arcs 3 on disks 2, for example, four times.

In order to balance the operation of the device and reduce peak overloads, the sequence of alternating work cycles can be changed. For this, the arcs 3 on adjacent disks 2 are arranged relative to each other with a phase shift.

The invention can be used for cleaving ice and compacted snow from pavements of sidewalks, carriageways of roads and runways of airfields. It can also be used to give a certain relief to the old road surface in order to increase the adhesion of the newly applied. When installing the appropriate interchangeable tips, it can also be used to seal various bulk materials, for example, the foundations of the road surface.

The proposed device can operate as part of a separate autonomous unit mounted on the frame and including a drive mechanism in the form of an electric motor or internal combustion engine, etc., a gearbox, chain or belt drive for transmitting torque directly to the device shaft, as well as controls and other elements characteristic for such units.

The device can also be installed on the base vehicle, usually in front with a drive from the hydraulic motor of the vehicle’s hydraulic system or through an additional gearbox. The device can also be mounted on a wheeled tractor, which is widely used in public utilities for cleaning roads and sidewalks. In this case, the drive shaft of the device is carried out by the power take-off shaft in dependent, partially independent and independent modes. In some cases, you can also use the side power take-off shaft.

Information sources

1. Vibratory splitter. RF patent No. 2355845, Е01Н 15/12.

2. Ice cleaner. RF patent No. 2446247, Е01Н 15/12.

Claims (1)

A device for treating the surface of road surfaces, containing working bodies arranged to strike the surface of the road surface and return to its original position by means of springs, characterized in that it comprises a hollow stationary cylinder, inside of which a shaft with fixedly mounted pairwise paired disks is mounted coaxially on the bearings , while on the surface of the paired disks are fixed arcs having a radius of rounding equal to half the diameter of the disk, and the working bodies, made in the form of rods with interchangeable tips and tensile springs held in their initial position are mounted radially in the same row in the holes of the trapezoidal box attached to the hollow stationary cylinder and have a head with a pair of plain bearings at the opposite end, with the inner ends of the arcs facing the center of the disk, and the outer ends of each pair of arcs end on the edge of the disk with the possibility of picking up the heads of the working bodies during rotation of the shaft, stretching the springs and lifting the working gans, while the working bodies are located symmetrically between two adjacent disks, and the arcs on adjacent disks relative to each other are located with a phase shift.

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