RU2529313C2 - Charge for manufacturing granite-ceramic products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of construction materials, in particular, to technology of granite-ceramic products, and can be used for manufacturing face ceramic bricks, elements of building decoration, floor tiles, roofing materials, etc. Charge for manufacturing granite-ceramic products includes kaolinite-montmorollonire clay, siftings of crushed granite crushing, boron-containing ampoule glass cullet and sodium polycarboxylate with the following component ratio, wt %: kaolinite-montmorollonire clay - 15-25; siftings of crushed granite crushing - 35-40; boron-containing ampoule glass cullet - 35-50; sodium polycarboxylate (above 100 wt %) - 0.05-0.1 (by dry substance).

EFFECT: increased bending strength, frost resistance and wear resistance of products.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials, in particular to the technology of granite-ceramic products, and can be used for the manufacture of ceramic front bricks, building finishes, floor tiles, roofing materials, etc.

It is known that for the manufacture of granite-ceramic products using mixtures containing clays of various compositions, cullet, screenings for crushing granite crushed stone (Gorbunov R.A. Assessment of the suitability of raw materials for graniteceramics / Builder: reference book of a specialist in the construction industry. - M .: 4/2003 - C .99 ... 101).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved quality of the finished products is a raw mix (A.S. 2081088, class C04B 33/00), which includes the following ingredients, wt.%: Cambrian clay - 50 ... 65, citrogypsum (flux) - 25 ... 35, screenings crushing granite crushed stone - 10 ... 15, adopted as a prototype. At the same time, the following properties of the finished products after firing at a temperature of 950 ... 980 ° C are ensured: tensile strength in bending - 3.2 ... 4.6 MPa, water absorption - 6.2 ... 8.0% and frost resistance - 50 cycles.

However, this composition does not allow to manufacture products of increased strength, frost and wear resistance.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the bending strength, frost resistance, wear resistance and, accordingly, the quality of finished products while reducing energy costs for their production.

This is achieved by the fact that the new composition, including the clay component, screenings of crushing of granite crushed stone and fusion, contains kaolinite-montmorillonite clay as a clay component, and ampoule boron-containing cullet and additionally plasticizing additive “diluent” sodium polycarboxylate as the next their ratio, wt.%:

clay kaolinite-montmorillonite - 15 ... 25;

screenings crushing granite crushed stone - 35 ... 40;

ampoule boron-containing cullet - 35 ... 50;

sodium polycarboxylate (in excess of 100 wt.%) - 0.05 ... 0.1 (dry matter).

The use of kaolinite-montmorillonite clay in a mixture with granite screenings, ampoule cullet can improve not only the strength properties, frost resistance and wear resistance of products, but also their appearance from light gray to gray color shades.

The chemical and particle size distribution of the raw materials are presented in table 1 and table 2, respectively.

The additive - sodium polycarboxylate - acts as a plasticizer and dispersant of clay particles, which allows to reduce the moisture content of the slip mass from 55 ... 60% to 40 ... 45% and thereby reduce energy consumption for the dehydration of the slip. The action of plasticizers of this type is based on the combination of the electrostatic and steric (spatial) effect, which is achieved using the side hydrophobic polyester chains of the polycarboxylate ester molecule. Due to this, the water-reducing effect of such superplasticizers is several times stronger than that of ordinary ones.

The proposed raw material mixture was obtained by co-wet grinding in porcelain ball mills of the following components: granite crushed granite screenings were added to kaolinite-montmorillonite clay of career moisture, cullet and sodium polycarboxylate was added in excess of 100 wt.% With a mass fraction of 0.05 ... 0.1%.

The slip was dried to a moisture content of 5-8% to obtain a press powder, from which samples were molded in the form of tiles 100 × 100 × 7.5 mm by pressing under a pressure of 20 ... 25 MPa on a hydraulic press. Then the samples were dried and fired in a muffle furnace with exposure at a maximum temperature of 950 ° C ... 960 ° C for 1 hour.

The invention is illustrated by the specific compositions of ceramic mixtures shown in table 3, and the properties of the obtained products are presented in table 4.

Claims (1)

A mixture for the manufacture of granite-ceramic products, including a clay component, screenings for crushing granite crushed stone and fusion, characterized in that it contains kaolinite-montmorillonite clay as a clay component, and boron-containing ampoule cullet and an additional plasticizer sodium diluent - polycarbox as a melt component in the next ratio, wt. %:
clay kaolinite-montmorillonite - 15-25;
screenings crushing granite crushed stone - 35-40;
boron-containing ampoule cullet - 35-50;
sodium polycarboxylate (in excess of 100 wt.%) - 0.05-0.1 (dry matter).