RU2529249C1 - Device for preparation of forest soil to preliminary natural forest regeneration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forestry and can be used for preparation of forest soil to natural forest regeneration. The device comprises a frame of rectangular cross-section, a hollow cylinder, a shaft, ratchet mechanisms with hydraulic cylinders. On the lateral surface of the hollow cylinder the niches are made with plates with working elements mounted in them. The working elements are made in the form of openers and mounted between each other at a distance of 5 to 15 cm. The plates are mounted with the possibility of changing the position in the niches for providing processing the soil to a depth of 2.5 to 5 cm.

EFFECT: this constructive solution provides improved quality of forest soil surface processing and seed germination in natural forest regeneration.

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Description

The invention relates to forestry and can be used to prepare forest soil for natural reforestation.

Known technical solutions (patents No. 2040134, 2298302, 2338351, 2365074) containing a frame were ridged with furrow-forming rollers mounted on them, spring-loaded rods connected with furrow-forming rollers, wheels and control mechanisms.

There is also a technical solution (AS No. 165938 A01B 49/04), consisting of a triangular frame mounted on a tractor; single-sided cultivator razors, mounted in a triangular frame on the inside with pivots and a knife-tooth.

The main disadvantages of these designs are cumbersome and high material consumption.

The closest in technical essence and achieved economic effect was selected by the author as a prototype device (patent No. ДЕ 3502510 АСС 5/06, А01С 7/00) containing a vehicle, on the supporting structure of which in its upper part a seed box with guides for direct introduction of individual seeds into the corner grooves, and from the bottom rotating disk knives for cutting vertical slots, connected by a chain drive to a drive motor, and plowshares mounted directly behind the disks I'm cutting the horizontal slots.

The main disadvantage of this device is the bulkiness of the design. The technical result of the invention is improving the quality of surface treatment of forest soil, improving seed germination with preliminary natural reforestation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the working body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the bases of which a shaft is mounted on the central axis, ratchet mechanisms are installed at the free ends, connected to hydraulic cylinders placed on a rectangular frame, while niches are made on the side surface of the housing, in of which the plates with the coulters are installed at a distance equal to each other from 5 to 15 cm, while the plates are mounted with the possibility of changing the position in the niches to provide tillage to a depth of 2.5 to 5 cm.

The proposed device is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a side view; figure 2 shows a top view; figure 3 - plate with working bodies.

The device comprises a housing 1 made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the bases 2 of which a shaft 3 is mounted on the central axis, ratchet mechanisms 4 are mounted at their free ends, connected to hydraulic cylinders 5 placed on a rectangular frame 6, while on the side surface of the housing 1 niches 7, in which plates 8 are installed with working bodies made in the form of openers 9 at a distance equal to each other from 5 to 15 cm, with a depth of tillage from 2.5 to 5 cm, while the plates 8 are mounted with bolts 10 with the possibility of changing eniya position in the recesses 7.

The work is as follows. In order to transport the device to the site where the soil will be cultivated, the ratchet mechanisms 4 are released using the hydraulic cylinders 5. The device can be moved with the frame 6 both forward and backward without hindrance. The cylindrical housing 1 thus rotates freely. The soil is not cultivated. After arriving at the site where it is necessary to cultivate the soil with the help of hydraulic cylinders 5, the ratchet mechanisms 4 are fixed. In this case, the housing 1 ceases to rotate and when the drag moves, the soil is cultivated, when moving forward, the surface layer is cut, which is shifted to the sides of the housing 1. In this case, not only the cutting of the surface layer occurs, but also the cutting of strips, where the seeds are supposed to fall during the natural insemination of the soil under the forest canopy. To increase the pressing force of the hull to the soil, ballast (sand, small stones) can be loaded inside it, and after completion of work they are released from it. As a result of soil treatment, a roll 11 is formed in front of the casing. With sufficiently large roll sizes, the ratchet mechanisms 4 are released by means of hydraulic cylinders 5 and the casing 1 is rolled through the roller.

When fixing ratchet mechanisms 4, tillage continues again. The depth of the openers 9 to the required depth is carried out before the start of work in the forest.

Soil prepared in this way contributes to an increase in the number of seedlings of pine seeds by 3 ... 8 times in comparison with unprepared soil.

Claims (1)

A device for preparing forest soil for preliminary natural reforestation, containing a frame with a working body attached to it, characterized in that the working body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the bases of which a shaft is mounted along the central axis, ratchet mechanisms are connected at the free ends connected to hydraulic cylinders placed on a frame of rectangular cross section, while on the side surface of the housing there are niches in which plates with openers are installed at a distance equal to each other from 5 d about 15 cm, while the plates are mounted with the possibility of changing the position in the niches to ensure tillage to a depth of 2.5 to 5 cm.

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