RU2526554C1 - Apparatus for indicating critical power reserve of clock mechanism and clock having apparatus for indicating critical power reserve (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: for visual signalling of the beginning and the course (indication) of a critical period during which a clock might stop, i.e. visual indication of the critical power reserve, for visual determination of the need for timely clock winding to prevent unexpected and/or undesirable stoppage thereof, an apparatus for displaying the power reserve of the clock mechanism, having kinematically interfaced winding mechanism, spring motor, wheel system, release, regulator, arrow mechanism, comparison means and power reserve indication means, is configured to show rotating or fast-moving components of the clock mechanism in an indicator opening which opens during critical periods when the clock mechanism needs winding to prevent stoppage thereof. The apparatus is configured to show during critical periods of time the wheel system, the release, the regulator or the tourbillon of the clock mechanism or movable components connected thereto. A clock, having a housing, a clock face, a winding mechanism, a spring motor, a regulator, a release, a main wheel system, an arrow mechanism, a comparison means and a power reserve indication means, also includes a critical power reserve indication apparatus which is configured to show rotating or fast-moving components of the clock mechanism in an indicator opening which opens during critical periods when the clock mechanism needs winding to prevent stoppage thereof.EFFECT: enabling use when the stoppage of a clock mechanism due to unexpected or undesirable exhaustion of the power reserve of a spring motor of a clock mechanism is unacceptable or undesirable.15 cl, 9 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of watch technology, and more particularly to mechanical watches, which are used in special situations when stopping the movement of mechanical watches is unacceptable or undesirable due to the unexpected end of the factory of the spring motor of the clock mechanism.

State of the art

The power reserve (reserve) indicators have been used in the technology for a long time. In particular, fuel level indicators in engines are widely used in transport.

In watches, power reserve indicators existed long before the appearance of mechanical watches.

For example, in a firing watch made of metal pins stuck at the same distance into the candle, when the candle was burned, it was possible to observe the remaining stock of burning time for the cinder.

In a water clock in a flask where water was poured, not only the current time, but also the time to “refuel” the tank could be determined by the liquid level.

Mechanical watches with a weight-lifting factory also allow you to estimate the winding time of the watch by visually determining the distance from the weight to the watch mechanism.

In a watch, due to the peculiarity of a closed engine, which, like the crown shaft, performs work in one direction, there is an inconvenience in determining the remaining time until the spring completely dissolves.

There are known various design indicators of the stock (reserve) of the movement of the clock mechanisms, which visually using the arrows on the scale to determine the remaining time until the spring is completely dissolved and the clock can be set in time.

The planetary power reserve indicator [1] is known, in which the wheel H is mounted on the axis of the crown shaft, the movement of which is transmitted through the intermediate wheel G, on the axis of which the wheel D is fixed, which works with the tribe C, whose axis is located on the canvas of the wheel B. Also, with a tribe C, a gear F is engaged, on the axis of which the tribe K is mounted. The axis of the wheel F and the tribe K passes through the gear B, which is engaged with the gear ring of the drum A. Movement from the tribe K, the axis of which is the output shaft of the planetary gear transmitted n Wheel J, which is located on the axis of the arrow indicating the power reserve. Wheels D and F have a different number of teeth. When the watch is wound, the winding shaft, rotating through the wheel H, the intermediate wheel and wheel G, rotates the wheel D, which, rotating, transfers the movement to the tribe C. From the tribe C, the movement flows to the wheel F and through the output shaft to the wheel K. Wheel K rotating, it transmits the movement to the wheel J, turning the indicator arrow, which shows an increasing range, by a certain angle. When the spring is dissolved from the drum crown A, the movement enters the wheel B. Wheel B rotates and rotates the tribe C along with the wheel F in the opposite direction, while not rotating, but rolling around wheel D. The movement through the wheel F enters the output shaft and wheel K, and from it to wheel J, on which the arrow is turning in the other direction, showing a decreasing power reserve.

A differential-type power reserve indicator [2] is known, in which a C wheel is located on the winding shaft, which, through an intermediate tribe, transmits movement to the differential mechanism D, E, O, B, consisting of a D wheel with a direct and crown gear, wheels B with a straight and crown gear, the wheels of the satellite E located on the O axis, which is based on the output shaft, on which the wheel F is fixed, with which the wheel G works, with the power reserve indicator arrow fixed on its axis. When the watch is wound, wheel C rotates and rotates wheel D, which causes the satellite E to rotate. Satellite E, rolling around the teeth of wheel B, rotates the O-axis, rotating the output shaft, wheel F, wheel G and the power reserve indicator, which indicates increasing power reserve move. When the spring is dissolved from the drum crown A, the movement enters the wheel B and through its crown to the satellite E. The satellite E, rolling around the teeth of the wheel D, rotates the axis O, rotating the output shaft, wheel F, wheel G and the power reserve indicator arrow back side, which shows a decreasing power reserve.

The 6-MX marine chronometer [3] is known, which is mass-produced by the 1st Moscow Watch Factory (Polet-Chronos), on the dial of which, in addition to the central scale of hours and minutes, there are two more side scales: the lower one for seconds and the upper one for the stock indicator a stroke for the indication of the clock winding the spring with divisions from 0 to 56 hours and a free interval of 8 hours. Structurally, the 6-MX chronometer contains a drum, a snail, a central axis, an intermediate wheel, a second wheel, a chronometer wheel and balance. The snail drum is connected by a chain. When the watch is winding, by rotating the winding shaft located on the axis of the cochlea, the chain is twisted on the coils of the cochlea, twisting the spring of the drum. On the axis of the cochlea there is an output shaft connected to the arrow of the power reserve indicator. When the watch is wound, the hand deviates on the scale, showing an increasing level of power reserve. When the spring is dissolved, the chain is wound from the coils of the cochlea, being wound on the drum body, turning the output shaft, and with it the arrow of the power reserve indicator in the opposite direction, which shows a decreasing level of the power reserve.

A device for indicating the power reserve of a watch with two spring drums for watches with both manual and automatic winding, one of which is a drum of the factory and the other is a reverse promotion drum, which also includes an asterisk, is rigidly connected to the indication means. The spring drum of the plant contains at least one finger of the plant for acting on the lever of the plant, which drives the sprocket into rotation in the positive direction, and the spring drum of the reverse unwind contains at least one finger of backward unwinding to act on the lever of the back unwinding, which drives the sprocket in rotation in the negative direction, while the latter is held in position by a latch [4].

A known clock mechanism with the ability to use one or another descent mechanism present in the same watch to determine the time for two periods of twelve hours, representing day and night, which contains at least two control elements with their descent mechanism and means, designed to alternately terminate and resume the operation of regulatory elements, and the clock energy source carries out at the same time drive only one regulatory element [5].

The return mechanism of the indicating device is known, which takes up little space and works reliably, in which the indicating device includes a star-shaped element attached to the gear wheel, while the star-shaped element is formed of a series of pointed elements, each of which has a lateral surface to which the spring is pressed against the probe attached to the arrow. Moreover, the design and dimensions of the lateral surfaces of the pointed elements of the star-shaped element depend on the information to be indicated. Preferably, the probe, arrow and spring are mounted on a sleeve rotating on a support. The return mechanism also contains an emphasis configured to prevent the sleeve from moving backward under the action of a spring after completion of the probe movement along the side surface and lowering it to the next side surface to perform the next cycle [6].

A mechanical watch with a power reserve indicator is known in which a clock mechanism with a drum sets in motion a mechanism formed by a gear train and an indicator associated with two coaxial movable elements, which, in turn, together with the disk and the arrow, indicate the magnitude of the moment of force created by the barrel, indicating the power reserve of the watch [7].

A pointer to the degree of winding the spring in a self-winding watch is known, in which a dial with a dial is mounted on a barrel of a winding drum with a second disk mounted with an arrow pointer. The disk has an axis offset from the center with an eight-tooth sprocket freely mounted on it. Each tooth of the sprocket has a digital display, which determines the degree of winding the spring in hours [8].

It is known a power reserve display device and a watch with such a device, comprising two spring drums, namely one factory spring drum and another reverse unwind spring drum, an asterisk rigidly connected to indicating means, in which the factory spring drum contains at least one factory finger for impact on the lever of the plant, leading the sprocket to rotate in the positive direction, and the spring drum of the reverse promotion contains at least one finger of the reverse promotion to act on the lever At the same time, the spin is activated, leading the sprocket into rotation in the negative direction, while the latter is held in its position by a latch. In this case, the lever of the plant is retracted to its resting position by a return spring, which allows the lever of the plant to disengage from the sprocket, the feedback lever is relegated to its resting position by the return spring, which allows the backward lever to disengage from the sprocket, the sprocket is held in place by a latch, two spring drums are installed on the same axis, the factory lever and the reverse promotion lever are installed on a common axis, spring drums are installed in the same plane, each lever is equipped with Oei pivoting axis [9].

A known indicator of the degree of winding of the clock mechanism, which contains a clockwork drum with a spring and pointer elements. As an element of the pointer, a bar is fixed, fixed with one of the turns of the spring and installed in the guides with the possibility of displacement relative to the center of rotation of the winding drum [10].

It is known that mechanical watches usually consist of several main parts: the energy source is usually a spring motor in the form of a drum with a ring gear and a coil spring located in the drum; a device for converting continuous rotational movement into oscillatory or reciprocating movement, which determines the accuracy of the clock; an oscillatory system or regulator, usually in the form of a balance-hair system; mechanism of the watch factory and hands translation - repair; the main wheel system in the form of a system of gears connecting a spring motor; trigger mechanism (descent, stroke) - angrenage; dial mechanism, showing arrows the time on the dial [11].

Mechanical clocks often incorporate additional mechanisms, for example, a calendar, an alarm clock, a power reserve indicator that shows how many more hours a spring has, and a tourbillon to compensate for the influence of clock position in space on the accuracy of the clock (compensate for the effect of gravity on the physical centers of gravity of parts hours and their displacement relative to the mathematical centers of gravity of the watch parts). It is also known that the accuracy of a mechanical watch depends on many factors, such as temperature, position of the watch, wear of parts and others. Therefore, for mechanical watches, discrepancy with the exact time of 15-45 seconds per day is considered normal, and the best result is 4-5 seconds per day.

Invented in 1795 and in 1801, the tourbillon (French Tourbillon - Whirlwind) patented by Abraham-Louis Breguet consists of a balance, an anchor fork and an anchor wheel located on a special rotating platform (the most common rotation speed: 1 revolution per minute). This is one of the most complex and expensive additional mechanisms with an accuracy of -1 / + 2 seconds per day. A tourbillon in an expensive watch is often made visible on one side through a special window in the dial [12].

The idea of the tourbillon is to compensate for the effect of gravity on moving and balanced parts of the mechanism, namely balance, spiral and descent, by rotating them around its own axis inside the watch case.

The tourbillon is very difficult to manufacture, Breguet himself collected only 30 of these mechanisms. Even now, a tourbillon mechanism weighing only a few carats can consist of several tens of parts, and sometimes reach hundreds. Therefore, even now, with the advent of laser precision cutting of metals and the latest methods for their processing, even the most eminent companies produce no more than 10-20 tourbillons a year.

Today, the need for such an increase in the accuracy of watches has virtually disappeared, since the watches have already become quite accurate, so the use of tourbillons remains only in the design of the most expensive of them as a tribute to high watchmaking.

Currently, there are two main schemes by which tourbillons are assembled:

The first is classic, when the carriage is fixed on both sides along the axis of rotation. This method of attachment involves placing from the front of the mechanism a “bridge” of an arched structure, usually with three support points, through which the rest of the mechanism is visible. A ball bearing made of rubies is built into it.

The second type of tourbillons is soaring. Here the arched bridge is absent, and the carriage is fixed only on one side, thus, nothing prevents from this side to admire the work of the mechanism.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention and achieved using the technical result (prototype) is developed earlier by the same author K. Chaykin. a mechanism for indicating the degree of the plant in certain periods of time, ensuring non-stop operation of the clock on Shabbat, which contains a clock factory and hands, a spring motor, a regulator, a descent, the main wheel system, a power reserve indicator, a day of the week indicator and a means of indicating the need for a watch factory before Shabbat during the period from Friday evening to the end of Saturday and to ensure non-stop operation of hours on Shabbat from the evening of Friday to the end of Saturday, made with the possibility of kinematic communication with the mechanism of the watch factory and hands, spring motor, regulator and clock release, and with the possibility of stopping the clock on Friday evening if the watch factory is less than 36 hours from evening on Friday [13].

Common disadvantages of these indicators of the reserve (reserve) of the course are the structural complexity and lack of reliability due to complex kinematic schemes and a large number of moving parts.

In addition, the known power reserve indicators are inherent inadequate visual informativeness due to the relatively long immobility of the display parts, usually made in the form of an arrow-scale system.

The known power reserve indicators quite satisfactorily provide an informative function of informing about the current power reserve, but are not able to signal the onset of periods with a critical power reserve, during which a sudden stop of the clock is possible.

Task and technical result

The objective is the development and practical application of simple in design and cheap in the manufacture of watches with the ability to visually signal the critical power reserve of the clockwork.

The technical result consists in the creation and use of a special device built into a mechanical watch with the possibility of visual alarm about the beginning and course (indication) of a critical period during which the clock can stop, that is, a visually perceptible indication of the critical power reserve, to visually determine the need for timely winding hours to prevent them from unexpected and / or unwanted shutdown.

Disclosure of invention

The essence of the invention lies in the possibility of providing a visual indication of the critical period of the need for a timely winding and / or winding of watches for timely signaling about the need to prevent stopping the clock and its timely winding.

Structurally, the device for indicating the critical power reserve of the clockwork is made in the form of an indicator hole in the watch dial, which is closed by a movable shutter during a sufficient power reserve of the clock and is open during critical periods of the need for winding the watch, as well as contrasting markings on the moving parts of the clockwork located on the hole or connected to the movable elements of the clock mechanism of parts with the possibility of oscillations or rotations of the signaling contrast marking.

When the critical power reserve of the clockwork is reached, the shutter above the indicator hole in the dial opens and a flickering of contrast marking begins to be visually observed in the hole in the dial on the movable element of the clockwork located under the hole, indicating a critical degree of the plant, the possibility of a quick and / or sudden end of the clock’s operation the reason for the end of the plant and the need for timely winding of watches.

The shutter opening mechanism according to the opening speed can be performed in versions of instant, accelerated, long-term or combined action.

The inventive problem is solved, and the technical result required and obtained when using the invention is achieved by the fact that the device for indicating the critical power reserve of the clockwork, which contains the factory kinematically coupled to each other, the spring motor, the wheel system, the descent, the regulator, the dial mechanism, and power reserve indicator according to the invention is configured to demonstrate rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism in an indicator tverstii that opens in critical periods of time necessary, winding watch mechanism to prevent it from stopping.

The device can be made with the possibility of demonstration at critical periods of time of the wheel system, descent, regulator or tourbillon of the clockwork or moving parts kinematically coupled with elements of the wheel system, descent or regulator.

The device can be performed:

in the form of an indicator hole, a movable curtain, coupled with a means of comparison, and contrast marking on rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism or contrast marking under rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism,

in the form of an indicator hole, a movable curtain, paired with a means of comparison and located above the rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism, on which a contrast marking is applied, and an indicator hole in the dial, located above or below the movable curtain and rotating or fast-moving elements with a contrast marking,

in the form of an indicator hole, a movable curtain, paired with a means of comparison and located above or below the indicator hole in the dial, located above the rotating or fast-moving clockwork elements, on which or under which the contrast marking is applied, and located below or above the indicator hole in the dial

or in the form of a movable element with a contrast marking associated with a comparison means and an indicator hole located above the movable element with a contrast marking.

In this case, the comparison tool can be performed:

in the form of a differential mechanism driven by a winding shaft or a winding wheel of a spring motor on one side and driven by a gear ring of a spring motor drum on the other hand, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring motor is dissolved,

in the form of a drive mechanism for the power reserve indicator with a power reserve indicator, which has a resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement at the factory and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring,

in the form of a fusilage mechanism of marine chronometers, having on the output shaft the resulting movement as the difference in movement during the factory and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring,

in the form of a planetary mechanism driven by a winding shaft or a winding wheel of a spring motor on one side and driven by a gear ring of a spring motor drum on the other hand, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring;

or in the form of a mechanism driven by a spring shaft or a spring engine’s crown on one side and driven by a ring gear of a spring motor drum on the other, allowing the resulting movement to be obtained on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring.

The power reserve indicator can be performed:

in the form of an indication arrow and a power reserve display scale, relative to which an indication of the current state of the power reserve is performed;

in the form of a movable disk with a scale and a fixed mark on the dial;

in the form of an opening, under which a moving scale is located.

The goal, the required and obtained by using the invention technical result is also achieved by the fact that the watch contains a case, a dial, a factory mechanism, a spring motor, a regulator, a trigger, the main wheel system, a dial mechanism, a comparison tool and a power reserve indicator according to the invention comprise a critical power reserve indication device configured to demonstrate the rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism in the indicator hole opening to iticheskie periods of time necessary, winding watch mechanism to prevent it from stopping.

At the same time, the critical power reserve display device is made in the hours of the design described above.

The goal, the required and obtained by using the invention technical result is also achieved by the fact that the clock containing the factory mechanism, a spring motor, a regulator, a descent, the main wheel system, a dial mechanism, a comparison tool and a power reserve indicator, further comprise a conjugate with a comparison tool by means of a means of indicating a critical range, made in the form of any of the above devices indicating a critical range.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, the device for displaying the critical power reserve of the clock mechanism and the watch with the device for indicating the critical power reserve include: case 1, dial 2, crown 3, hour hand 4, minute hand 5, range indicator 6, arrow power reserve indicator 7, indicator hole 8 in the dial, anchor wheel 9, disc with markings on the anchor wheel 10, drum 11, second wheel 12, anchor fork 13, balance 14, curtain 15, power reserve module bridge 16, о a hole in the platinum 17, the output shaft of the comparator 18, the pin of the drive wheel 19, the spring of the shutter 20, the shaft of the drum 21, the wheel of the drive for indicating critical power reserve 22, the tribes of the shaft of the drum 23, the gear wheel of the chain of the plant 24, the input wheel of the chain of the plant 25, the first wheel of the dissolution chain 26, the second wheel of the dissolution chain 27, the first satellite 28, the second satellite 29, the first central wheel of the planetary gear 30, drove 31, the second central wheel of the planetary gear 32, the tribes of the second wheel of the dissolution chain 33, the tribes of the first wheel of the dissolution chain 34 .

Figure 1 shows the structural-functional diagram of the mechanism of the patented watch, which shows kinematically paired with each other: the factory mechanism, a spring motor, a wheel system, a descent, a regulator, a comparison tool, a power reserve indicator, a critical power reserve indicator, a drive means of indicating critical range.

The dashed line in figure 1 encircles the functional blocks inherent in any clockwork with a mechanical drive, the letters a, b, c indicate the possible elements of the interaction of the blocks, parts of the clockwork with a means of indicating the critical power reserve.

Figure 2 shows a General view of an embodiment of a wristwatch, which shows: case 1, dial 2, crown 3, hour hand 4, minute hand 5, power reserve indicator scale 6, power reserve indicator 7, indicator hole 8 in the dial.

Figure 3 shows the appearance of the anchor wheel with a marking disk mounted on it, which shows: the anchor wheel 9, the marking disk on the anchor wheel 10, which allows the rotation of the anchor wheel to observe intermittent flashing / flickering movements of the anchor wheel.

Figure 4 shows a kinematic diagram of a standard watch mechanism with the functional parts shown on it used for the patented design, which shows: anchor wheel 9, drum 11, second wheel 12, anchor fork 13, balance 14

Figure 5 shows a variant of the kinematic interface circuit of the comparison means indicated by the dashed line, the engine, the factory mechanism and the power reserve indicator, which shows: drum 11, arrow of the power reserve indicator 7, output shaft of the comparison tool 18, drum shaft 21, tribes the shaft of the drum 23, the gear wheel of the chain of the plant 24, the input wheel of the chain of the plant 25, the first wheel of the chain of dissolution 26, the second wheel of the chain of dissolution 27, the first satellite 28, the second satellite 29, the first central wheel of the planetary gear 30, drove 31, the second center the planetary gear wheel 32, the tribes of the second wheel of the dissolution chain 33, the tribes of the first wheel of the dissolution chain 34.

Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the drive of the critical range indicator, which shows: the anchor wheel 9, the disc with the markings on the anchor wheel 10, the shutter 15, the output shaft of the comparison tool 18, the pin of the drive wheel 19, the spring of the shutter 20.

In Fig.7 shows a cross section shown in Fig.6 node of the means of indicating the critical power reserve, the descent element of the clock mechanism and the drive of the means of indicating the critical power reserve, which shows: dial 2, indicator hole 8 in the dial, anchor wheel 9, disc with marking on the anchor wheel 10, the shutter 15, the bridge of the power reserve module 16, the hole in the platinum 17,

On Fig shows a variant of the appearance of the clock mechanism and the dial with the shown cut-out mechanism in the critical power reserve mode, with the curtain 15 moved back, which shows: dial 2, range indicator 6 power reserve 6, arrow indicator of the power reserve 7, indicator hole 8 in the dial, marking disc on the anchor wheel 10, curtain 15.

In the critical state of the power reserve, when the arrow of the power reserve indicator 7 is in the critical region of the scale 6, the shutter 15 is pushed to the side and it opens the indicator hole in the dial, which allows you to visually observe the rotation and flickering of the disk marked on the anchor wheel 10 in the indicator hole of the dial necessary to visually determine the critical state of the power reserve.

Figure 9 shows a variant of the appearance of the clock mechanism and the dial with the cutout of the mechanism in the almost full power reserve mode with the shutter 15 closed, which shows: dial 2, the scale of the power reserve indicator 6, the arrow of the power reserve indicator 7, the indicator hole 8 in the dial, marking disc on the anchor wheel 10, curtain 15.

With a sufficient power reserve, when the arrow of the power reserve indicator 7 is in a sufficient area of the scale 6, the shutter 15 closes the indicator hole 8 in the dial and, accordingly, blocks the rotating disk with markings on the anchor wheel 10, which allows the shutter 15 to overlap the rotating disk 10 , thereby ensuring the absence of flickering on the dial with a sufficient power reserve.

The implementation and industrial implementation of the invention

The device for indicating the critical power reserve of the clockwork can be installed both in watches with a conventional clockwork and in watches with a tourbillon, perpetual calendar and practical with any number of additional complications and designs of mechanical watches.

The structural and functional diagram of a watch with a device for indicating the critical power reserve of the clockwork is shown in figure 1 and includes:

drive of critical reserve indicator,

means of indicating critical power reserve with a means of comparison,

a critical power reserve indicator kinematically coupled to the comparison means by means of a drive for indicating the critical power reserve.

The drive of the critical reserve indicator can be made in various designs, for example, consisting of a mechanism that allows you to open and close the shutter of the critical reserve indicator during a sufficient reserve and open the hole during a critical level of the reserve. It is possible to consider a critical level of about 10 percent of the full winding of the drum or another necessary power reserve for specific watches or for specific situations.

The drive of the critical reserve indicator can be made in various design options, for example:

in the form of a mechanism that receives movement from the shaft of the means of comparison and converts the rotation of this shaft into the smooth movement of the curtain of the means for indicating the critical power reserve,

in the form of a mechanism that receives movement from the shaft of the means of comparison and converts the rotation of this shaft into accelerated movement of the curtain of the means for indicating the critical power reserve,

in the form of a mechanism receiving movement from the shaft of the means of comparison and converting the rotation of this shaft into instantaneous movement of the curtain of the means for indicating the critical power reserve,

in the form of an element that receives movement from a movable element of a clockwork and rotates or oscillates with it, which is closed by a curtain,

or in the form of an element that receives movement from a movable element of the clockwork and rotates or oscillates with it, which in the position of the critical power reserve becomes visible from the side of the dial.

The tool for indicating the critical power reserve can be made in various design options, in particular, it can consist of an indicator hole in the dial, curtains and markings on rotating or fast-moving elements of the trigger assembly, regulator or wheel system of the clockwork (indicated in Fig. 1 - a, b, c). The indicator hole 8 in the dial, respectively, is located above the element where the markings are applied.

A means of indicating the critical power reserve can be performed in various design options, for example:

in the form of a curtain located above the rotating or fast-moving elements of the descent assembly, regulator or wheel system of the clock mechanism, on which the markings are applied, as well as holes in the dial located above the curtain and the elements where the markings are applied.

in the form of a curtain located under the indicator hole in the dial, located above the rotating or fast-moving elements of the descent assembly, controller or wheel system of the clock mechanism, which are marked in the form of markings on the element paired with the moving parts of the clock mechanism and located above it under the hole in the dial.

The comparison tool, which is often included in the watch device with a power reserve indicator, on the one hand usually receives movement from the winding mechanism and is kinematically connected to the clockwork shaft of the clock mechanism, and on the other hand, from the drum and kinematically connected to the watch engine.

The comparator is functionally a device for comparing the degree of winding of a drum with its dissolution; as a rule, it compares the number of revolutions of the drum shaft during winding to the number of revolutions of the drum during spring dissolution. As a rule, a differential or planetary mechanism is used for this, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring dissolves. As a rule, an arrow is connected to the output shaft, showing the level of power reserve on the scale.

The comparison tool, as a rule, is performed as an additional superstructure on the clock mechanism driven by the crown, the crown on the one hand and driven by the ring gear of the drum on the other;

The comparison tool can be performed in various design options, for example:

in the form of a differential mechanism, made as an additional add-on to the clock mechanism, driven by the winding shaft, the winding wheel on one side and driven by the gear ring of the drum on the other, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring dissolves ,

in the form of a ready-made mechanism for driving the power reserve indicator, available in hours with a power reserve indicator, which has a resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement at the factory and during spring dissolution;

in the form of a fuselage mechanism used in marine chronometers, with the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement at the factory and during the dissolution of the spring.

in the form of a planetary mechanism, made as an additional superstructure on the clock mechanism, with a drive from the crown, a crown on the one hand and a drive from the ring gear of the drum on the other, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring dissolves ;

in the form of a planetary mechanism, made as an additional superstructure on the clock mechanism, with a drive from the crown, a crown on the one hand and a drive from the ring gear of the drum on the other, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring dissolves ;

or in the form of any other mechanism driven by a winding shaft, a winding wheel on one side and driven by a gear ring on the other hand, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring dissolves.

The power reserve indicator (reserve reserve, reserve de marche) mainly consisting of an arrow pointer and a scale on the dial, relative to which the level of the power reserve is shown can be placed both on the side of the top cover of the watch on the main dial and on the mechanism on the side of the back cover . Currently, many watches are equipped with this device. The power reserve indicator scale, as a rule, is in the form of a “snail”, where its smaller part corresponds to the minimum power reserve, and the large to the maximum.

The power reserve indicator can be made in various design options, for example:

in the form of an indication arrow and a power reserve display scale on the dial, relative to which the current state of the power reserve is indicated;

in the form of a movable disk with a scale and a fixed mark on the dial;

or in the form of a hole in the dial, under which the moving scale is located.

The shutter is preferably a plate that closes the indicator hole in the dial during a sufficient power reserve and opens the hole during a critical level of the power reserve. It can be located both below and above the dial and have any shape proceeding from the requirements of a particular design and can be made in various design options, for example, in the form of a plate making a rotational movement, or in the form of a plate making a reciprocating movement;

The markings on the moving parts of the clock mechanism are mainly contrasting or contrast-alternating colored elements on the moving parts of the clock mechanism or parts working with them.

It is desirable that the difference between the applied marking elements on the moving elements be significant in contrast, therefore, for example, combinations are possible: red - black, white - black, etc.

The marking can be performed on the parts of the clockwork, for example, on the second wheel, on the anchor wheel, on the anchor fork, on the overlays placed on the above elements, on the webs and axes, as well as on the parts kinematically connected to the parts of the clockwork.

The anchor wheel spins quickly, usually from 5 to 10 revolutions per minute, if there are 4 marking sectors on it, then flickering from black to white at a second wheel speed will be one flicker in 1.5 seconds. By changing the number of markup elements, you can get a different frequency.

The instantaneous critical range indicator can be kinematically connected by gearing to the range indicator or device.

It is also possible to place the critical power reserve indicator on the reverse side - from the side of the mechanism.

The device for indicating the critical power reserve of the clockwork and the clock with the device for indicating the critical power reserve of the clockwork are as follows.

When the watch is wound, the crown 11 is wound through the winding mechanism 3, from which the main wheel system, the descent and the clock mechanism are moved and the clockwork is operated (the dial mechanism, repair tool and time indicator are not shown on the diagram).

At the same time, at the factory, movement from the factory mechanism (from the winding shaft 21 or the drum wheel) to the comparison means (Figs. 1, 5), where through the kinematic chain the output shaft of the means of comparison 18, as well as kinematically connected with it and the arrow 7 of the indicator means power reserve at a certain angle.

A drive wheel 22 may be mounted on the shaft 18, on which there is a pin of the drive wheel 19, which takes the spring-loaded spring 20 to the side, a shutter 15, under which the anchor wheel 9 rotates with a marking disk 11. With an increase in the watch factory, the pin 19 moves to the side and the shutter closes the indicator hole 8 in the dial and flickering ceases to be visible.

When the clock is running, the clockwork motor drum gradually opens and transmits the movement also to the means of comparison (Figs. 1, 5), where through the kinematic chain the output shaft of the means of comparison 18 is turned in the opposite direction, as well as kinematically connected to it and the arrow 7 of the 3X indicator at a certain angle.

Through the shaft 18 and the wheel 22, the pin 19, during critical dissolution of the spring, takes the curtain 15 away, and through the hole in the dial 8 we observe the flickering of the markings on the anchor wheel.

Thus, the inventive device indicating the critical power reserve can be installed in watches with a conventional clockwork and function in watches with a conventional clockwork.

Physically, the device for displaying the critical power reserve of the clockwork is an additionally integrated mechanism in the watch and can be installed both in a watch with a tourbillon and in a watch with a conventional clockwork, which is shown in detail in Figs. 8, 9 at various times of its operation.

A block diagram of the design of a watch with a conventional clockwork mechanism is shown schematically in FIGS. 1, 5 and the functional kinematic relationship of the critical power reserve display device with the clockwork is also shown there.

The device according to the kinematic diagram shown in FIG. 5 operates as follows.

At the factory, the movement from the factory mechanism (from the winding shaft 21 or the drum wheel) to the comparison means (Fig. 5), where through the kinematic chain the output shaft of the means of comparison 18, as well as kinematically connected with it and the arrow 7 of the power reserve indicator on a certain angle.

When the watch is running, the engine drum 11 gradually disengages and transmits the movement also to the means of comparison (Figs. 1, 5), where through the kinematic chain the output shaft of the means of comparison 18 is turned in the opposite direction, as well as the range-of-7 arrow indicating the power reserve at a certain angle.

A device for comparing the degree of winding the drum with its dissolution, usually performed with the possibility of comparing the number of revolutions of the shaft of the drum at the factory with the number of revolutions of the drum during the dissolution of the spring. For this, differential or planetary mechanisms are usually used, which allow to obtain the resulting motion on the output shaft as the difference in motion during winding and when the spring dissolves. As a rule, an indicator arrow is connected to the output shaft of the means of comparison, showing the degree of power reserve on the scale.

The comparison tool can be structurally implemented and functioning as follows.

On the winding shaft, there is a tribe of the shaft of the drum 23, which through the gear wheel of the chain of the plant 24 transmits movement to the input wheel of the chain of the plant 25, on the through shaft of which the first central wheel of the planetary gear 30 is mounted.

With a toothed rim, the crown of the drum 11 engages the first wheel of the dissolution chain 26, on the axis of which a trib 34 is mounted, which engages with a second wheel of the dissolution chain 27, on the axis of which a trib 33 is mounted, which engages with the planet carrier 31.

The planetary gear consists of a carrier 31, on the blade of which a pair of satellites 28, 29 are located. Satellites 28, 29 are located coaxially to each other and motionless to each other and rotate freely on the axis of the carrier mounted on the canvas. Satellites 28 and 29 have a different number of teeth. The satellite 29 is engaged with the first central wheel 30, and the satellite 28 is engaged with the second central wheel 32, which is mounted on the output shaft 18 passing through the carrier 31, the first central wheel 30 and the input wheel of the plant chain.

When the watch is wound, the movement is transmitted to the gear wheel 24, and from it to the input wheel 25 through the wheel mounted on the crown shaft 21, and from the input wheel 25. Through the wheel 25 mounted on the shaft, the first central wheel 30 is transmitted to the satellite 29, and through it to the satellite 28, which, rotating, rotates the second central wheel 32, and with it the output shaft 18, on which is located the arrow of the power reserve indicator, which shows the increasing power reserve.

When the spring is dissolved, the movement from the ring gear of the drum 11 is transmitted to the wheel 34, through the trib 34 mounted on it, to the wheel 27, and from it to the trib 33, which turns the carrier 31. The axis of the satellites 28 and 29, turning around the axis of the carrier, causes the satellite 29 run around the teeth of the Central wheel 30, thereby rotating the satellite 28, which transmits the rotation to the wheel 32 connected to the output shaft 18.

The output shaft 18, turning, turns the arrow mounted on it into the reverse arrow 7, which shows a decreasing power reserve.

Thus, the design of the critical reserve indicator is described in detail and shown in the drawings.

In ordinary watches, the power reserve indicator can be used as an additional mechanism of a conventional clockwork.

In watches with a power reserve indicator, the patented critical power reserve display device performs a new previously unknown function of visual signaling about the beginning and course (indication) of a critical period during which an unexpected and / or undesirable stop of the clock is possible

The proposed original designs of the device for displaying the critical power reserve of the watch mechanism for watches and the watch from the device for indicating the critical power reserve of the watch mechanism provide a sure solution to the problem in developing a reliable mechanical device for timely indication of the need for a watch factory and non-stop operation of the watch, which practically eliminates unexpected or undesirable and / stop hours.

As options for the execution of individual parts, assemblies, clockwork and clockwise drives of the watch, known and traditional for watchmaking technologies, materials and design solutions known in watchmaking can be used [14, 15, 16, 17].

Thus, given the novelty of the set of essential features, the technical solution of the problem, the inventive step and the materiality of all general and particular features of the invention, proven in the section "prior art" and "Disclosure of the invention", proven in the section "Implementation and industrial implementation of the invention", technical the feasibility and industrial applicability of the invention, the solution of the set inventive problems and the confident achievement of the required technical result when implementing and using IAOD invention claimed group of inventions, in our opinion, meet all the requirements for eligibility requirements for inventions.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the invention are essential, since each of them is necessary, and together they are not only sufficient to achieve the purpose of the invention, but also allow the invention to be implemented in an industrial way.

In addition, the analysis of the set of essential features of the invention and the uniform technical result achieved by using them shows the existence of a single inventive concept, close and inextricable connection between the watch device and watch with the device (one device is used in another device), which allows combining the invention in one application with ensuring compliance with the requirement of the criterion of unity of invention.

Information sources

1. “La Montre: Principes et Methodes de Fabrication)), George Daniels, 1993, pp. 266-270.

2. "La Montre: Principes et Methodes de Fabrications George Daniels, 1993.

3. Tarasov S. V. Instruments of time. The textbook for technical schools in the specialty "Production of time devices." M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1976, 376 p. with silt. 247 pages, p. 139.

4. RU 2280886, G04B 9/00, publ. 07.27.2006, PCT application IB 02/00600 02.28.2002.

5. RU 2364908, G04B 9/00, publ. 08/20/2009, application PCT EP 2005/003090 20050323.

6. RU 2340924, G04B 1/00, publ. 12/10/2008, Convention priority: 03/27/2003 CH 2003 0535/03.

7. European patent 851320, IPC G04B 9/00, priority 12.20.96, publ. 07/01/98.

8. A.s.275849, IPC G04B 9/00, priority 02.07.69, publ. 07/03/1970, BI 22.

9. RU 2003117456, G04B 1/00, publ. 12/10/2004, Convention priority: 05/22/2001 EP 01810508.0, PCT application: IB 02/00600 02/28/2002.

10. RU 2213989, G04B 9/00, publ. 06/20/2003.

11. http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ MEXAHIC WATCHES.

12. http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ MEXAHIC CLOCK, http://lab-37.com/des_art/tourbillon/

13. RU 2473946, G04B 9/00, publ. 01/27/2013 (prototype).

14. Kharitonchuk A.P. Reference book for watch repair, Moscow, 1977, p. 18, 21.

15. Romanov A.D. Designing time devices. Moscow, 1975, p. 140.

16. Tarasov S.V. Technology of watchmaking, Moscow, 1963.

17. Popova V.D., Goldberg N.B. Device and assembly technology of watches. Moscow, 1989.

Claims (15)

1. A device for indicating the critical power reserve of a clockwork, comprising a factory kinematically coupled to each other, a spring motor, a wheel system, a descent, a regulator, a dial mechanism, a comparison tool and a power reserve indicator,
characterized in that
made with the possibility of demonstrating the rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism in the indicator hole, opening at critical periods of time the need for winding the clock mechanism to prevent it from stopping. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of demonstration in critical periods of time of the wheel system of the clockwork. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of demonstration in critical periods of time the descent of the clockwork. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of demonstration in critical periods of time of the regulator of the clockwork. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is arranged to demonstrate the clockwork tourbillon during critical periods of time. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of demonstration at critical points in time of moving parts kinematically coupled with elements of the wheel system, descent or controller. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made
in the form of an indicator hole, a movable curtain, coupled with a means of comparison, and contrast marking on rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism or contrast marking under rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism,
in the form of an indicator hole, a movable curtain, paired with a means of comparison and located above the rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism, on which a contrast marking is applied, and an indicator hole in the dial, located above or below the movable curtain and rotating or fast-moving elements with a contrast marking,
in the form of an indicator hole, a movable curtain, paired with a means of comparison and located above or below the indicator hole in the dial, located above the rotating or fast-moving clockwork elements, on which or under which the contrast marking is applied, and located below or above the indicator hole in the dial
or in the form of a movable element with a contrast marking associated with a comparison means and an indicator hole located above the movable element with a contrast marking. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the comparison means is made
in the form of a differential mechanism driven by a winding shaft or a winding wheel of a spring motor on one side and driven by a gear ring of a spring motor drum on the other hand, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and when the spring motor is dissolved,
in the form of a drive mechanism for the power reserve indicator with a power reserve indicator, which has a resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement at the factory and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring,
in the form of a fusilage mechanism of marine chronometers, having on the output shaft the resulting movement as the difference in movement during the factory and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring,
in the form of a planetary mechanism driven by a winding shaft or a winding wheel of a spring motor on one side and driven by a gear ring of a spring motor drum on the other hand, which allows to obtain the resulting movement on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring;
or in the form of a mechanism driven by a spring shaft or a spring engine’s crown on one side and driven by a ring gear of a spring motor drum on the other, allowing the resulting movement to be obtained on the output shaft as the difference in movement during winding and during the dissolution of the spring motor spring. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power reserve indication means is made
in the form of an indication arrow and a power reserve display scale, relative to which an indication of the current state of the power reserve is performed;
in the form of a movable disk with a scale and a fixed mark on the dial;
or in the form of an opening, under which the movable scale is located. 10. A watch comprising a case, a dial, a factory mechanism, a spring motor, a regulator, a trigger, a main wheel system, a dial mechanism, a comparison tool and a power reserve indicator, characterized in that
comprise a critical power reserve display device configured to demonstrate rotating or fast-moving elements of the clock mechanism in an indicator hole that opens during critical periods of time when the clock mechanism needs to be winded to prevent it from stopping. 11. The watch according to claim 10, characterized in that the critical power reserve display device is made according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 12. The watch of claim 10, characterized in that it contains a case 1, a dial 2, a crown 3, an hour hand 4, a minute hand 5, a power reserve indicator 6 scale, a power reserve indicator 7 arrow, an indicator hole 8 in the dial, an anchor wheel 9, a disc with a marking on the anchor wheel 10, the drum 11, the second wheel 12, the anchor fork 13, the balance 14, the shutter 15, the bridge of the power reserve module 16, the hole in the platinum 17, the output shaft of the comparison tool 18, the pin of the drive wheel 19, curtain spring 20, drum shaft 21, drive wheel of critical reserve indication means and 22, the tribal shaft of the drum 23, the gear wheel of the chain of the plant 24, the input wheel of the chain of the plant 25, the first wheel of the chain of dissolution 26, the second wheel of the chain of dissolution 27, the first satellite 28, the second satellite 29, the first central wheel of the planetary gear 30, drove 31, the second central wheel of the planetary gear 32, the tribes of the second wheel of the dissolution chain 33, the tribes of the first wheel of the dissolution chain 34. 13. A clock comprising a winding mechanism, a spring motor, a regulator, a descent, a main wheel system, a clock mechanism, a comparison tool and a power reserve indicator, characterized in that
further comprise a means of indicating a critical range associated with the means of comparison by means of a drive. 14. The watch according to item 13, characterized in that it contains means for indicating the critical power reserve in the form of a device for indicating the critical power reserve, made according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 15. The watch according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a case 1, a dial 2, a crown 3, an hour hand 4, a minute hand 5, a power reserve indicator 6 scale, a power reserve indicator 7 arrow, an indicator hole 8 in the dial, an anchor wheel 9, a disc with a marking on the anchor wheel 10, the drum 11, the second wheel 12, the anchor fork 13, the balance 14, the shutter 15, the bridge of the power reserve module 16, the hole in the platinum 17, the output shaft of the comparison tool 18, the pin of the drive wheel 19, curtain spring 20, drum shaft 21, drive wheel of critical reserve indication means and 22, the tribal shaft of the drum 23, the gear wheel of the chain of the plant 24, the input wheel of the chain of the plant 25, the first wheel of the chain of dissolution 26, the second wheel of the chain of dissolution 27, the first satellite 28, the second satellite 29, the first central wheel of the planetary gear 30, drove 31, the second central wheel of the planetary gear 32, the tribes of the second wheel of the dissolution chain 33, the tribes of the first wheel of the dissolution chain 34.

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