RU2526308C2 - Crossbeam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to lifting-rehandling equipment for loading and unloading large-dimensioned multi-ton loads. The crossbeam contains carrying plate with supports at sides and grooves over which clamp with shackle is moving. In the grooves of plate, two-leg slings with rigging brackets are installed. In holes of rigging brackets, quick-detachable bolts are inserted which bolts are fixed with spring-loaded blades.

EFFECT: adjustment of crossbeam centre of mass and installation of rigging brackets on flanges of lifted loads.

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Description

The invention relates to lifting and handling equipment for loading and unloading with large multi-ton loads having the form of a cylindrical or rectangular container with rectangular flanges at the ends, or a package of two or four such containers. Each such container has four rigging units located on rectangular flanges. The center of mass of one container or package of two or four containers may vary depending on their filling.

The closest in technical essence and result to the invention is a traverse (patent 2263065 "Traverse", class B66C 1/12, B66C 1/68, B60S 13/02). This traverse refers to lifting and handling equipment for operations with spacecraft. It contains a support beam with an earring mounted on it. On the supporting beam with a pitch of 100 mm, balancing sockets are made in which slings are fixed with rigging fasteners for the spacecraft made on them. The earring consists of an eye and a shank connected to the supporting beam by means of a hinge. A stopper is installed on the shank below the hinge connecting the shank with the carrier beam. An adjustable screw insert with a lock is installed on the earring between the eye and the shank. After hitching the traverse to the hook, the earring is rigidly fixed with a stopper relative to the supporting beam. By changing the length of the adjustable screw insert of the earring, the angle of inclination of the spacecraft to the horizontal plane is adjusted. The invention provides an acceptable angle of inclination of the spacecraft.

The disadvantages of this traverse are:

- design complexity;

- separate adjustment of the center of mass due to the displacement of the individual slings along the load-bearing beam;

- the possibility of skewing the cargo due to an inaccurate step (every 100 mm) of the rearrangement of the rigging nodes along the beam relative to the center of mass of the cargo.

The task of the invention is to remedy these shortcomings and create a simplified design that provides a deviation of the axis of the load from the horizon of not more than 1-2 °, reliable and convenient to use.

The task is achieved by the fact that the lifting arms of the traverse are fixed at the ends of the flexible lines, which allows you to change the connecting dimensions of the lifted load and attach to the traverse as one load, or a package of two or four loads. To ensure a minimum angle of inclination (not more than 1-2 °) of the load to be lifted in the traverse, it is possible to compensate for the displacement of the center of mass of the load relative to the center of mass of the traverse by moving the earring relative to the plate with slings. The earring moves every 45 mm and is fixed in the required position by the latch. In the claimed device, the step of moving the earrings 45 mm structurally provides a slope of the load relative to the horizontal axis of not more than 1-2 °. Thus, the position of the center of mass is regulated by the movement of one node - a bracket with an earring. Cargo is secured to the lifting arms of the beam through quick-release pivots, which are fixed with spring-loaded petals.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the proposed crosshead.

Figure 2 shows a method of securing the load on the traverse.

The traverse (figure 1) contains a carrier plate 1, along which the bracket 2 moves with the earring 3. The plate 1 has grooves for fixing the bracket 2 in different positions, which ensures accurate installation of the center of mass of the traverse relative to the center of mass of the lifted load to create a minimum deviation of the load axis from the horizon.

The bracket 2 is fixed on the plate 1 using the latch 4. The bracket 2 has two slots for installing the latch 4 in the open or closed position. The upper socket corresponds to the "Open" position, the lower socket corresponds to the "Closed" position.

On the carrier plate 1, supports 5 are installed for installing the beam on the ground or on the load.

In the carrier plate 1 there are windows to reduce the weight of the beam. In the extreme windows of the plate, two-branch slings 6 are installed.

At the ends of the slings 6 are suspended brackets 7. In the holes of the brackets 7 inserted quick-release pivots 8, which are fixed with spring-loaded petals 9.

The proposed crosshead operates as follows.

Before starting work, the traverse is suspended by earring 3 on the hook of a truck crane or other lifting device.

To change the center of gravity of the beam, it is necessary to pull the latch 4 from the lower socket and, turning it up, insert it into the upper socket, thus setting the latch in the "Open" position. In this position, the bracket 2 with the earring 3 moves to the desired position of the center of mass for a specific load. After installing the bracket 2 in the desired position, the latch 4 must be pulled out of the upper socket and, turning it down, inserted into the lower socket, setting it to the "Closed" position.

Then the beam is connected to the load being lifted (Fig. 2). From the rigging brackets 7, it is necessary to remove the pivots 8. The brackets 7 are mounted on rectangular flanges with holes in the containers to be lifted. After that, the pivots 8 are inserted into the brackets 7 through the holes of the flanges of the containers. To fix the king pin 8 from falling out of the bracket 7, it is necessary to turn the spring-loaded petals 9.

After the load (cargo container or a package of two or four containers) rises and moves to the desired location. If the load deviates from the horizontal axis, it is necessary to lower the load to the ground and adjust the position of the center of mass of the beam by moving the bracket 2 relative to the plate 1.

After performing the rigging operation using the proposed beam, the brackets 7 are disconnected from the rigging cargo nodes. The traverse is lowered by the crane to the ground on the supports 5, the earring 3 is removed from the crane hook.

Traverse parts experiencing heavy loads are made of 40X alloy steel. To increase the reliability in the design of the beam there are no welded joints. These factors make it possible to use a traverse for lifting loads weighing up to 5t. The test load on the beam is 8t. Traverse is tested with a maximum load of 8 tons to test for strength during technical examination.

Quick and easy preparation of the traverse for a specific load (one container or a package of two or four containers) is achieved by moving the bracket 2 with the earring 3 along the plate 1 to the desired position with fixing in this position with a latch 4.

The invention allows to simplify the design, improve reliability, ease of use

The main differences of design solutions in the proposed traverse for solving the task

In the well-known crosshead, a specific choice of balancing sockets according to the passport centering for attaching slings with rigging nodes is performed in increments of 100 mm with an earring in the center of the crosshead.

In the proposed traverse, the step of movement of the bracket is 45 mm. This step constructively provides a displacement of the center of mass of the beam to match the center of mass of a particular load being lifted.

In the known traverse, the skew of the load is eliminated by increasing the effective height by rigidly attaching the earring and by increasing the length of the screw insert.

In the proposed traverse, the skew of the load is eliminated to an acceptable value (1-2 °) by shifting the bracket with the earring along the plate.

In the known traverse, the center of mass is adjusted by separately moving the slings along the balancing sockets of the carrier beam.

In the proposed traverse, the center of mass is regulated by the movement of one node - a bracket with an earring along the plate.

The presence of flexible slings allows you to attach loads with different connecting dimensions to the traverse.

Improving the reliability in the design of the beam is ensured by the absence of welded joints, the use of high-strength materials, parts with a large margin of safety.

Thus, the proposed crosshead differs from the known crosshead in the form of simplifying the design and facilitating loading and unloading operations and allows loading and unloading operations with various large-sized multi-ton loads having the form of a cylindrical or rectangular container with rectangular flanges at the ends or a package of two or Four such containers with minimal warps and swings.

Claims (1)

Traverse for carrying out loading and unloading operations with bulky multi-ton cargo in the form of a cylindrical or rectangular container (or a package of two or four containers) with rectangular flanges at the ends, containing a carrier plate with supports along the edges and grooves, with a bracket with an earring mounted on it and with a bracket for fastening the brackets in the grooves of the plate, two-branch flexible slings with rigging brackets hinged at the ends of the plate, characterized in that the rigging brackets are provided with rosemnymi pintles with spring petals, locking pins to prevent inadvertent loss of lifting brackets.

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