RU2521821C1 - Hydraulic ram - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic ram comprises feed pipeline, case shaped to air cap with intake valve and hammer valve. This ram comprises open adjusting tank with drain pipe and hammer valve. Second hammer valve is arranged in intake vertical overflow pipe communicating both tanks. Second hammer valve is engaged by float-type articulation-leverage drive arranged inside the tank. Both hammer valves are arranged parallel with feed pipeline.

EFFECT: perfected design.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pump engineering, in particular to the design of hydraulic rams, and can be used in the design of fluid transportation systems, in the practice of machine lifting in land reclamation and agriculture.

Known air cap of a hydraulic ram containing a housing with an inlet valve and a fitting on the pressure line and a piston installed in the housing, the latter mounted on a spring connected to the housing and made in the form of a cylinder mounted coaxially to the housing, and a guide cylinder mounted on the bottom of the housing is rigidly fixed between the body and the piston (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1250736, class F04F 7/02, 1986).

The disadvantage of ram is its low reliability due to the complexity of the design, which includes movable elements in the form of a shock valve with a rod and loaded with interchangeable weights, which make the shock valve in operation, the spring is short-lived in an aggressive environment, which leads to a breakage with which the piston located in top hat. The complexity of the operation of such a ram in motion causes an increase in dynamic loads, as well as the shock valve itself. There are jamming conditions of the elements of the device.

Closest to the proposed one is an air cap of a hydraulic ram containing a body with air and liquid cavities, an inlet valve and a fitting on the pressure line, the cap is equipped with a piston separating the body into air and liquid cavities, and a spring-loaded rod on which a travel stop is mounted (Copyright USSR certificate No. 1224464, class F04F 7/02, 1986).

The disadvantage of ram is low productivity. The design of the shock valve allows you to close the bore of the supply pipe, however, a large inertia in its operation reduces the performance of the ram. Requires artificial recharging of ultrahigh pressure in the cap with a spring-loaded piston, as well as the use of an additional compressor, the complexity of the device.

Another disadvantage is the underutilization of its potential capabilities associated with the movement of the piston in the form of a shock valve up and down during idle.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability and performance by reducing dynamic loads on the shock valve.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a hydraulic ram containing a supply pipe, a casing in the form of an air cap with an inlet valve and a shock valve, it is equipped with an open adjustment tank with a drain pipe and a shock valve, and the second shock valve is located in the inlet vertical overflow pipe communicating the tank with each other, while the second shock valve is connected to the float articulated lever actuator located in the tank, both shock valves installed parallel to the supply pipe. In addition, in order to reduce the metal consumption for the shock valve without increasing the loss of its power to the drive, the second shock valve is made spherical, while a replaceable calibrated diaphragm is installed in the drain pipe.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase reliability and reduce dynamic loads on the shock valve.

Therefore, the shock of both valves, when filling the tank, block the inlet openings in it. Then, the flow of water in the supply pipe due to shock kinetic energy presses on the inlet valve of the air cap, a hydraulic shock occurs.

During the period when the water level rises in the open control tank, water gradually fills it through the first and second shock valves, and the second shock valve, located in the inlet vertical and overflow nozzles, is pivotally connected to the beam and the float placed in the adjustable tank. In this case, the float pops up, and the articulated lever actuator acts on the second ball valve. At the same time as the opening in the vertical inlet port is closed, the pressure in the pipeline rises until the shock valve in the control tank closes to the specified pressure in the pipeline and, consequently, the pressure increases, a hydraulic shock occurs, the pressure of which opens the inlet valve on the cap and liquid enters the air cap.

Consequently, the second articulated lever-operated shock valve operates together in a valve control mode of a regulating open reservoir. A process of increased sensitivity occurs due to the mutual hydraulic connection of the shock valves in the transient processes of filling the regulating tank and emptying it through a drain pipe with a replaceable calibrated diaphragm. Further, the process of automatically operating all the elements of a hydraulic ram is repeated.

In the operation mode of shock valves, they do not impose high requirements on the quality of water purification from suspended sediment, and the permutation forces on the hydraulically unloading shock valve are reduced. The time taken for gradual gravity flow of water from the tank through the drain pipe with a replaceable calibrated diaphragm located in its lower part of the bottom, when lowering the float on the supports, is carried out for a predetermined period of time. The compact, rational design of the new device has practical applications as a water-lifting device.

You should pay attention to the shape of the second shock valve in that the shape allows you to unload in the inlet vertical and spill pipe from the direct efforts of the pressure line when filling an open controlled tank with a float.

Due to streamlining and reducing the energy of the reflected shock wave, the useful work of hydraulic shock increases and the productivity of the hydraulic ram is increased.

All this provides a decrease in the inertia of the shock valve in transients, i.e. the possibilities associated with moving the shock valve up and down.

The design dimensions of the inlet vertical pipe located in the tank, the second shock valve are set for specific hydraulic modes of operation, taking into account the response time of the control tank to drain the water through the outlet pipe with a replaceable calibrated diaphragm.

The hydraulic ram (see drawing) contains a supply pipe 1, an open control tank 2, located on the supply pipe 1 with a lower drain pipe 3. To change the time of water discharge, the drain pipe 3 has a replaceable calibrated diaphragm 4 with valve 5. In the control tank 2 a vertical inlet overflow pipe 6 is placed, which communicates with the tank 2. The control tank 2 is provided with a shock valve 7 at the bottom, and the vertical overflow inlet pipe 6 has a second shock valve 8 in the upper part. open tank 2 is also located float articulated lever actuator, interacting with the second shock valve 8. Float articulated lever actuator includes a control beam (lever) 9, fixed at one end through a hinge 10 with the wall of the tank 2, and the other through the rod 11 with the second shock valve 8 in the inlet overflow pipe 6 with a stopper-limiter 12 of the shock valve 8. The shock valve 8 is installed parallel to the valve 7 and is located in the upper part of the saddle-retainer 12 in the inlet vertical tube 6. In the middle part of the rocker arm 9 is pivotally mounted rod 13 with a float 14 resting on the support 15, fixed to the bottom of the container 2. The impactor valve 8 is in the form of a ball. The air cap 16 is connected to the supply pipe 1, on which the spring-loaded inlet valve 17 is installed. The cap 15 is connected by a water drop pipe 18 to a water tank 19. Elements associated with a regulating open tank 2 make up a circuit diagram with a second shock valve 8, a drain lower pipe 3 with interchangeable calibrated diaphragm 4, and connected to the sensing element by the float 14 of the articulated lever drive.

Hydraulic ram operates as follows.

When the water level at the tank 2 of the supply pipe 1 is exceeded, water fills the tank 2 through the shock valves 7 and 8. At the same time, the inlet vertical pipe 6 is open, the water flow overflowing its edge also fills the tank 2. The filling of the tank 2 continues until until the shock valve 8 closes the restrictive fixed seat 12 of the pipe 6, due to the float 14, the articulated lever actuator will act on the shock valve 8, which was below the fixed seat 12 in the pipe 8. By increasing the pressure in the supply pipe 1, at the same time, in the control tank 2, the shock valve 7 is closed, which is activated by closing the shock valve 8. Closing the shock valves 7 and 8 causes a water hammer, which forces the pressure valve 17 to open. Water hammer is accompanied by the occurrence of a backward shock wave, opening the valve 17. Water through the open discharge valve 17 enters the air cap 16 and then enters through the pipe 18 into the container 19 to the consumer.

Thus, after emptying the air cap 16 from the water, the tank 2 is emptied through the drain pipe 3 with a replaceable diaphragm 4, which results, while maintaining a certain supply of water in the tank 2, automatically turning the hydraulic ram into operation with a subsequent increase in the water level in the input vertical pipe 6 of the supply pipe 1. After emptying the open control tank 2, the next cycle of work is repeated.

Thus, the presence of a second shock valve in the design of the inlet vertical pipe and the supply of water to the regulating tank eliminates the creation of great efforts on its work, improves the reliability of the ram and reduces the dynamic load on the shock valve. Therefore, the efficiency of the hydraulic ram is much higher than that of the known impact type device. The design is distinguished by the relative simplicity of manufacture, easy to operate, thanks to easy access to the shock valves and the drain pipe.

Due to the streamlining of the shock valve and the decrease in the energy of the reflected wave, the useful work of the water hammer increases and the productivity of the hydraulic ram is increased.

Claims (3)

1. A hydraulic ram containing a supply pipe, a housing in the form of an air cap with an inlet valve and a shock valve, characterized in that in order to increase reliability and performance by reducing dynamic loads on the shock valve, it is equipped with an open adjusting tank with a drain pipe and shock valve, and the second shock valve is located in the inlet vertical overflow pipe, which communicates the capacity to each other, while the second shock valve is connected by a float articulated lever actuator in the tank, both shock valves installed parallel to the supply pipe. 2. The hydraulic ram according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to reduce the metal consumption of the shock valve without increasing the loss of its power to the drive, the second shock valve is made ball. 3. The hydraulic ram according to claim 1, characterized in that a replaceable calibrated diaphragm is installed in the drain pipe of the adjusting tank.