RU2521629C2 - Drilling-and-blasting jobs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining particularly to openworking of rocks. Zoning is adjusted by registration of changes in thrust and lift engine performances to tie the latter via bucket spatial position in digging cycle for registration of bench bottom quality, granulometric composition and shape of cut rock bulk at transition from near well space to gotten well space. Characteristics of bench bottom working are allowed for by changes in performances of thrust engine at the level of bench bottom. Rock granulometric composition is defined by changes in performances of lift engines at filling and retention of filled bucket. Bulk compactness is defined by changes in performances of lift engine at scooping height registration at transition from gotten near well space to gotten well space.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of zoning and quality of blasting.

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Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the open development of rock formations.

A known method of explosive blasting is the implementation process, which consists of several stages. Initially, the input parameters of the system are collected, the database (DB) is filled with geological and surveying information, and the package is adjusted to the adopted technology for drilling and blasting operations. The next stage is the installation and commissioning of the PTC components, after which it becomes possible to operate the system. As the data are collected and accumulated, the correlation dependences of the drilling parameters on the physicomechanical properties of the constituent rocks, and methods for filtering the data obtained during the drilling process are specified. The empirical relationships between the specific energy intensity of drilling and the specific energy intensity of explosive rock destruction for a given quarry are determined. (Kovalenko V.A., Dolgushev V.G., Nagavitsin V.A. Automated design of drilling and blasting operations in quarries. Implementation experience // Collection of reports. Advanced technologies in quarries of KRSU, Bishkek, 2008).

When analyzing the above solutions, it is necessary to separately highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the method for assessing the structural and strength properties of the energy intensity of drilling cone wells and the implementation method (as far as the implementation method allows to smooth out these disadvantages)

The main advantage of assessing the structural and strength properties by measuring the energy intensity of drilling is the simplicity, accessibility of the method in production conditions and a slight dependence on the subjective component, which allows the use of this method in automated systems. The main disadvantage of this method is the lack of correlation between rock explosiveness and energy intensity of drilling. Each field has its own unique and unique geological structure. Each quarry has unique and unique physical and mechanical properties of rocks. At each quarry, various types of explosives produce destruction of the mountain massif in different ways. The explosiveness of rocks is more related to their elastic properties, when, for example, marbles are relatively soft (8–10 Protodyakonov coefficient of strength), not abrasive, but viscous, relatively easy to drill, but not susceptible to explosive crushing. At the same time, the hornfelses are harder (the strength coefficient according to Protodyakonov 12-14) is less well drilled, but their explosive crushing requires a specific explosive consumption lower by 20-25%. Within the geological type, the explosiveness of rocks largely depends on the fracturing of the massifs.

The main disadvantage of the method for realizing this method in practice is the difficulty of finding a correlation between rock explosiveness and drilling energy intensity for specific rock types, which requires special studies (with the involvement of highly qualified specialists) that are difficult to automate. It is necessary to conduct research to establish a correlation within the geological type between the structural properties of rocks and the energy intensity of drilling.

At the same time, a method is known in which the operation of an excavator and the quality of preparation of an excavator face are evaluated by the parameters of the excavator. So, for example, a technical solution (Yu.V. Plekhanov, L.L. Tkachenko, A.I. Filippenko, A.F. Vorobyov. The method of controlling the metering of excavator work is mechanical shovels. AS No. 1425277 USSR, 1988) It includes measuring the load of the engine of the bucket lifting mechanism, determining the magnitude of the bucket loading, monitoring the operations of scooping, transportation of the loaded bucket and the excavation cycle by measuring the current of the engines of the pressure mechanism, bucket lifting. In this case, the formation of information on the working conditions of the excavator is solved by counting during the excavation the total number of scoops and scoops at the i-th point in time. The total number of excavation cycles performed at the same time is calculated, and the preparedness of the rock mass for excavation is judged by the ratio of the total number of excavation cycles to the total number of scoops and scoops. In this method, the measurement of electrical parameters of the excavation, characterizing the operating conditions of the excavator, is not tied to space and is not associated with the parameters of drilling and blasting. It should be noted that these electrical parameters characterize the operation of the excavator and, in general, the working conditions, but in no way characterize the individual parameters of the excavator face (the quality of working out the bottom of the ledge, the granulometric composition of the rock mass, the shape of the rock mass). As already noted, the quality of the preparation of the face for excavation is estimated statistically through the specific gravity of the scoops.

Closest to the claimed solution is a method of borehole rock breaking in quarries, including the drilling of blasting holes, during which the explosiveness of rock masses is estimated by the energy consumption of drilling (cone drilling wells) (zoning of rock masses by explosiveness is performed). The quality of the explosive preparation of technological units for excavation for the subsequent adjustment of the parameters of drilling and blasting is carried out according to the specific energy consumption of the excavation process (Kovalenko V.A., Tangaev I.A., Kiselev A.O. Mining management based on operational information about the technological properties of the object development // Collection of reports. Advanced technologies in the quarries of KRSU, Bishkek, 2008).

It should be noted that the excavation process is a convenient place in the technological chain for assessing the quality of breaking rock masses. However, evaluating the effectiveness of explosive preparation of a block by the energy intensity of excavation (a technical solution chosen as a prototype) allows us to give only the aggregate characteristics of the excavator face, but it does not allow us to separate and analyze the individual reasons for the increased energy intensity of the excavation process for the block. At the same time, an increase in the energy intensity of excavation in the whole block can cause various factors:

1. Poor study of the sole of the ledge, which in turn is caused by a number of factors:

- Losses (for various reasons) of wells, which the prototype does not allow to analyze separately;

- Incorrectly selected drilling and blasting parameters.

2. The non-compact form of the bulk of the rock mass, worsening excavation performance (the coefficient of bucket filling decreases, the cycle time increases, the number of cycles completed by loading into the vehicle decreases).

3. Increase in oversized output (the bucket filling ratio decreases, the cycle time increases, the number of cycles completed by loading into the vehicle decreases).

4. An increase in the cycle time and, consequently, in energy costs due to the low qualification of the excavator driver or the peculiarities of the location of the transport (for example, when trenching or performing special work).

In addition, the method considered as a prototype does not allow diagnosing the output of the drilling and drilling parameters to extreme values, when the increase in the specific consumption of drilling and explosives no longer improves the quality of crushing, but only enhances the impact on the bottom of the ledge. An additional explosive effect on the bottom of the ledge, in turn, leads to an increase in artificial cracking outside the design contours of the blasting, adversely affecting the effectiveness of the blasting.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of zoning of rocks by explosiveness, in particular, to increase the efficiency of refinement of zoning and the entire set of parameters of drilling and blasting operations, affecting: the efficiency of working out the sole of the ledge; formation of a compact bulk of rock mass; crushing efficiency of rock mass.

The problem is solved in that in the process of refinement of zoning by recording changes in the energy indicators of the operation of the pressure head, lift, the operations of scooping, filling, holding the filled bucket in the excavation cycle are tied through the position of the bucket in space and time to register the change in the quality of the bottom of the ledge, particle size distribution and the shape of the pile of repelled mass during the transition from a quenched near-wellbore to a quenched interwell space, moreover, the characteristic of working the sole of the mouth UPA take into account the change in the energy indicators of the pressure head engine at the level of the bottom of the ledge, the granulometric composition of the rock mass according to the changes in the energy parameters of the lift engine when filling and holding the filled bucket, the compactness of the pile on the change in the energy indicators of the lift engine register the height of the digging when moving from the extinguished near-borehole space to the extinguished interwell space.

In figure 1. The structure of an automated system is presented.

1 - subsystem GEOMARK; 2 - CAD BVR; 3 - drilling project; 4 - zoning model; 5 - adjustment calculation; 6 - control unit design parameters; 7 - control unit charging wells; 8 - database; 9 - drilling analysis module; 10 - block analysis of the operation of excavators; 11 - system analysis unit; 12 - reporting data translation unit.

Figure 2. presents a structural diagram and a connection diagram of a subsystem for analyzing the operation of an excavator.

Marking the wires in the cable for connecting microprocessor modules to the terminals of the controller: 13 and 14 - lift engine; 15 and 16 - pressure engine; 16 and 18 - rotation engine.

Marking the wires in the cable for connecting microprocessor modules to the shunt terminals: 19 and 20 - the shunt of the lift motor; 21 and 22 - a shunt of the pressure head motor; 23 and 24 - the shunt of the rotation motor; 26 and 27 - resistance in the bottom opening motor circuit; 28 and 29 network connection 220 volts.

30, 31, 32, 33, 34 - microprocessor modules, respectively, of lifting, pressure, turning, bottom opening and concentrator motors.

35 - processor, 36 - transmitter.

Figure 3 presents a diagram of the currents of the engines of pressure, rise, rotation, opening the bottom in the loading cycle of the excavator ECG 4.6.

37 is a diagram of a change in current of a bottom opening motor during a cycle

38 is a diagram of a change in the current of the pressure head motor during a cycle

39 is a diagram of a change in current of a lift motor during a cycle

40 is a diagram of a change in current of a turning motor during a cycle.

Figure 4. a schematic sectional view of a block is presented.

41 - contours of the rock mass on the block before breaking

42 - line blasting on the bottom of the ledge

43 - technological wells

44 - design position of the sole of the ledge

45 - the actual position of the sole of the ledge.

46 - well, the depth of which is less than design

47 - excavator disassembly of the rock mass.

Case Studies

Rock masses of rocks are very variable in structure and strength properties, therefore, the consumption of drilling and explosives for breaking 1 m ^{3 of} rock can vary widely. The design of drilling and blasting operations is carried out on the basis of zoning of the field according to explosive categories.

Additional difficulties in zoning are caused by fracturing of rock masses, which often has a decisive effect on the results of explosive crushing. As noted at different times by many researchers (M.M. Protodyakonov, A.F. Sukhanov, L.I. Baron, S.A. Davydov, V.K.Rubtsov, V.N. Mosinets, etc.), structural properties rocks largely determine the degree of fragmentation of rock masses during an explosion. Of great importance is not only the blocking of the rocks, but also the characteristics of the cracks and their filling. In the structurally complex massifs, the blocking of rocks varies randomly, and the presence of open cracks (or cracks filled with loose material) significantly reduces the degree of fragmentation of rock masses by an explosion. It has been proved that when breaking fractured rocks, an increase in the specific consumption of explosives only within certain limits contributes to an improvement in crushing. Only the part of the array adjacent to the charge is crushed into pieces smaller than the natural individual. Basically, the array falls apart along existing cracks. Those. in fractured massifs, especially in the presence of gaping or filled with loose material cracks, the process of explosive crushing is uncontrollable. In this case, when trying to improve the quality of crushing by increasing the flow rate of drilling and explosives, the explosive effect on the massif increases outside the design contours of the breakdown (below the bottom of the ledge, the slopes of the ledge). Outside the design contours of the breakdown, the destruction of the rock mass and intense artificial cracking are observed. This applies to the slopes of the ledges and the bottom of the ledge. An unreasonable increase in the specific consumption of explosives, in addition, leads to increased dispersion of the rock mass and to the ejection of the rock mass on the upper edge. The non-compact form of rock mass worsens the conditions and performance of excavators.

When wells get into the zones of artificial disturbance of the massif, the collapse of the wellhead, a decrease in the amount of overburden, a deterioration in the crushing of rocks and the development of the bottom of the ledge are observed. Ultimately, the technology is upset and significant resources and time are needed to work out rock masses subject to intense artificial fracturing, choose rational parameters for drilling and blasting operations and bring the technological process to normal.

Zoning data should be supported by an analysis of industrial explosions.

The main disadvantage of the technical solution chosen as a prototype is the difficulty of finding a correlation between the explosiveness of rocks and the energy intensity of excavation. The method allows you to give only the aggregate characteristics of the excavator face, but it does not allow to separate and analyze the individual reasons for the increased energy intensity of the excavation process in the block. Moreover, the methods themselves that can be used in the search for correlation are not perfect. So the main technological requirement for drilling and blasting is to ensure the productive work of excavators guaranteeing the lowering of mining to the design level. The main mechanism for controlling the lowering of mining operations to the design elevation is surveying surveys of the bottom of the ledge. Beyond the scope of surveying, the question remains what costs (time and material) were achieved by lowering the bottom of the ledge to the design elevation. In practice, up to 80% of the unevenness in the sole is removed during excavation. At the same time, at least productivity is lost, in addition, unplanned downtime increases due to equipment failure. The design and armament of the bucket, the elements of the handle break, the cables break. In addition, in the process of surveying surveying the bottom of the ledge, no violation of the massif below the design elevation of the bottom of the ledge and other parameters of the bottom, formed as a result of cost overruns and explosives during a mass explosion, adversely affecting excavation and subsequent mining operations on the block. Thus, surveying surveys of the bottom of the ledge, although it is today the main mechanism for evaluating the results of drilling and blasting operations, does not provide an objective assessment of the quality of a mass explosion and the observance of technology and parameters of blasting and blasting.

The claimed technical solution provides the possibility of a systematic approach.

In the space around the borehole charge, homogeneous zones can be distinguished, dividing this space into zones of controlled and uncontrolled crushing [17]. Directly adjacent to the borehole charge is a zone of blasting action of the charge (overgrinding), followed by a zone of controlled explosive crushing, the dimensions of which depend on the properties of rock masses and parameters of drilling and blasting operations. Next is the area of uncontrolled explosive crushing, where the massif falls apart mainly into natural parts. In fractured masses, the zone of controlled explosive crushing may be absent. In this case, the zone of blasting impact (overgrinding), the sizes of which around the borehole charge usually do not exceed one meter, immediately passes into the zone of uncontrolled explosive crushing (where the massif falls apart into natural separate parts). In such massifs, the task is set to work out the soles of high quality and to ensure a compact form of the pile of broken rock mass.

Therefore, it is very important not only to register irregularities in the sole, but to establish the cause of their occurrence (deviations from the design parameters of the blasting arrester or inconsistency of the explosive category).

The value of the proposed technical solution in the universality of the approach for rock masses of various fractures. In the general case, zones of near-well and inter-well space are considered.

If necessary, a deeper analysis can be carried out, in which contours of changes in the energy parameters of excavation are constructed that characterize the quality (crushing of the rock mass or working out of the bottom of the ledge) with distance from the borehole charges.

The proposed technical solution has a mechanism for evaluating the results of the BVR, which involves:

1. The allocation of homogeneous in nature and the results of the explosive impact of the sections of the extinguished near-well and inter-well space:

a) Well influence zones for which deviations from the design parameters of the blasting operations took place;

b) Near-wellbore space of the zones of influence of wells, for which there were no deviations from the design parameters of drilling and blasting operations;

g) The inter-well space of the zones of influence of wells, for which there were no deviations from the design parameters of drilling and blasting operations.

2. Establishment of the boundary values of the pressure head currents when scooping along the bottom of the ledge in the inter-well space of the zones of influence of wells, for which there were no deviations from the design parameters of the blasting operations.

The claimed technical solution is being implemented as part of an automated system that includes modern methods of high-precision positioning, communication based on modern capabilities of computer technology, microprocessor tools, databases, and high-level programming languages.

The structure of the automated system is presented in figure 1. The system includes:

1. The subsystem of geological and mine surveying services - GEOMARK (1), which has and is constantly updating digitally the terrain data, the location of mining operations, mining facilities, mine workings, the geology of the deposit, and the structural properties of rock masses.

2. The subsystem of computer-aided design for drilling and blasting operations is CAD BVR (2), with the help of which two-stage design of BVR is provided. At the first stage, projects for drilling blocks (3) are formed, after the execution of which, based on the correspondence of the actual parameters of the drilling rig to the design, a corrective calculation of the borehole charges (5) is performed.

3. Unit for monitoring design parameters - execution of a drilling project (6).

4. A module for in-depth analysis of drilling results in order to formulate recommendations on the rationing of materials and costs, mining planning (9).

5. The control unit and analysis of the results of charging wells (7).

6. Block analysis of the operation of excavators (10).

7. A database in which data from the above subsystems are collected for further analysis (8).

8. The system analysis unit, which, based on the processing of the actual parameters of the BVR and the results of excavation (mining the excavator block), performs the adjustment of the model of zoning of rock masses and the parameters of the BVR (11).

To provide timely and reliable data that are minimally dependent on the influence of the subjective factor, high-precision positioning tools are used, with which the following blocks and subsystems work:

1. The subsystem for monitoring design parameters of drilling operations, the elements of which are installed on drilling rigs, have high-precision positioning tools (6), communication tools for loading the project into drilling performed CAD BVR, transferring the results of the project to the server.

The data of the subsystem for monitoring design parameters of drilling operations - execution of a drilling project is received in the drilling analysis module (9), in which, in particular, deviations from design parameters are established and the effect of these deviations on the results of mining is predicted. Prediction data are refined during the excavation of the broken rock mass of the block (10).

2. The control unit for charging wells (7) is installed on a charging machine, has means of high-precision positioning, with the help of which identification of a charged well is carried out to control the correctness of the corrective calculation of well charges. The results of establishing the actual parameters (which is very important - a control measurement of the depth of the well is carried out immediately before charging, while the actual position of the well charge in height is established) of the blasting operations are transferred to the database (8). If it is established that the parameters of the well (for example, depth) deviate from the values taken into account in the correction calculation, an operational decision to correct the downhole charge can be taken to eliminate critical situations.

3. The subsystem for the analysis of excavators (10). Using this subsystem, the claimed technical solution is implemented. The main elements of this subsystem are installed on excavators, have means of high-precision positioning of the excavator bucket, peripheral microprocessor equipment for recording with a given frequency of the armature currents of the pressure head engines, lifting, turning and opening the bottom. Peripheral equipment is made in the form of unified microprocessor modules, each of which is connected to the terminals of the shunt (19-27) and command controller (13-18) of the corresponding motor (lifting, pressure, turning and opening the bottom), see figure 2.

The task of microprocessor modules (30-34) is to measure with a certain frequency the values of currents (currents and voltages) of the respective motors, which are stored in a database along with the coordinates of the excavator bucket. After pre-processing, the current values are tied to the operations of the excavation cycle. Thus, in a database, values of motor currents (pressure, lift, rotation of the excavator) are stored with a certain frequency, tied to space (through the position of the bucket at a time) and to operations of the excavation cycle. To recognize the operations of the excavation cycle, their logical sequence is tested, the presence and duration of operations is determined by the combination of the limiting values of the currents of the engines of pressure, rise, turn, open the bottom. It should be noted that a digging operation (bucket filling) must be present in the excavation cycle and there may be no turning operation to the vehicle or to the bottom.

Figure 3 presents a diagram of the currents of the engines of pressure, rise, rotation, opening the bottom in the loading cycle of the excavator ECG 4.6. In particular, (37) is a diagram of the change in the current of the bottom opening motor during a cycle. As can be seen from this diagram, the excavator cycle is uniquely determined by the current of the bottom opening motor. To highlight the individual operations of the cycle, the current diagrams of other motors are also analyzed. The nature of the change in the currents of the bottom opening motors (37), lifting (38), pressure (39, turning (40) determines the cycle operations: Tr - bucket unloading time; Tpl - turn time from the vehicle to the bottom; Tz - digging time; Tr2 - the turn time from the bottom to the vehicle, and the use of high-precision bucket positioning tools in real time allows you to highlight on the diagram the steps of scooping along the bottom of the step and filling the bucket. The average value of the pressure head current for the scooping time under seam ledge and the value the number of "bursts" allow current to judge changes digging force at the transition from the borehole environment to crosshole. It follows from the comparative analysis are eliminated (can be analyzed separately) wells oburennyh affected zone and charged with the retreat of the project.

Measurement of energy indicators characterizing the granulometric composition of broken rock mass and the quality of working out the sole.

Figure 4 presents a schematic section through a block on which the contours of the array (41), the breakdown line along the bottom of the ledge (42) are highlighted in conjunction with the parameters of the technological wells (43) that determine the quality of the working of the bottom of the ledge and the excavation conditions. As can be seen from figure 4, the design (44) and actual (45) the position of the bottom of the ledge are different, since the presence of the well (46), the depth of which is less than the design, was the reason for the formation in the zone of responsibility of this well, a breakdown line along the bottom of the ledge with marks above design value. Excavation dismantling of the rock mass (47) in this place to the level of the design elevation will require additional energy costs, which, given the design parameters of drilling and blasting operations, are not typical for this category of rocks. Therefore, the zones associated with deviations of the BVR parameters from the design values are allocated separately, and the results of the analysis of the excavation process in these zones are used to develop organizational and technical measures aimed at observing the BVR design parameters. Those. data on zones with deviations from the design parameters of BVR are excluded from the process of adjusting the zoning of rock masses.

Data processing. The entire processed data array is divided into at least three parts. As noted above, the data on the zone of responsibility of wells with deviations of the parameters of the drilling rig from the design ones are separately highlighted. In the zones of responsibility of wells with BWR parameters corresponding to the design, indicators are determined that energetically characterize the condition of the bottom of the ledge and the particle size distribution of the rock mass of the near-well and inter-well spaces.

Of greatest interest, from this point of view, is the operation of scooping. The energy costs of scooping (current of the head, lift and scooping motors) determine the state of the face. The bottomhole state is the condition of the bottom of the ledge, the particle size distribution and the parameters of the pile of broken rock mass. In this case, the condition of the bottom of the ledge is determined by the parameters of scooping on the bottom of the ledge (the initial period of scooping), and the particle size distribution determines the subsequent period of scooping, the amount of filling of the bucket (according to the parameters of the pile of rock mass). It should be noted that, to compare the energy consumption of scooping in the near- and inter-well space, both the currents of the head and lift motors (and when combining the scooping and turning operations and the current of the turning motor) are determined, as well as the duration of the scooping operation. To determine the amount of energy consumption, the motor currents are determined by direct measurement, and the voltages can be determined both by direct measurement and by calculation.

The proposed technical solution has a mechanism for evaluating the results of the BVR, which involves:

1. The allocation of homogeneous in nature and the results of the explosive impact of the sections of the extinguished near-well and inter-well space:

a) Well influence zones for which deviations from the design parameters of the blasting operations took place;

b) Near-wellbore space of the zones of influence of wells, for which there were no deviations from the design parameters of drilling and blasting operations;

g) The inter-well space of the zones of influence of wells, for which there were no deviations from the design parameters of drilling and blasting operations.

2. Establishment of the boundary values of the pressure head currents when scooping along the bottom of the ledge in the inter-well space of the zones of influence of wells, for which there were no deviations from the design parameters of the blasting operations.

Technical result

The claimed solution allows to increase the efficiency of regionalization of rocks by explosiveness and to improve the parameters of drilling and blasting operations that affect the state of the excavator face:

- the quality of the study of the soles of the ledge;

- the formation of a compact pile of rock mass;

- the quality of crushing of the rock mass. Ultimately, the efficiency of subsequent mining processes (excavation, transportation of rock mass) and ore preparation for enrichment is improved.

Information sources

1. RF patent 2279546. Sekisov G.V., Mamaev Yu.A., Levin D.V., Danilchenko D.G. A method of developing deposits of rocky and semi-rocky types of diverse blocks.

2. Danilenko G.I., Khakulov V.A., Bakharev L.V., Alimirzoev G.A., Zemlyanoy G.I. The method of breaking rocks. A.S. No. 1351249 USSR, 1987.

3. Khakulov V.V. Improving the design of drilling and blasting operations for quarries based on self-developing models of zoning of rock masses // Mountain Informational Analytical Bulletin. - 2010. - No. 7. - S. 28-31.

4. Zhaboev M.N., Khakulov V.A., Bakharev L.V., Ravikovich B.S. Improving the technology for breaking complex structural rock masses. // Mountain Journal - 1990 - No. 9. - S.22-23.

5. Protodyakonov M.M. Materials for the lesson position of mining. Part 1. - M.: Publishing House of the Central Committee of Miners, 1926.

6. Sukhanov A.F. On the issue of a unified classification of rocks. - M .: Ugletekhizdat, 1947.

7. Baron L.I., Konyashin Yu.G., Kurbatov V.M. Crushability of rocks. - M.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1963.

8. Baron L.I., Licheli G.P. Fracturing of rocks during explosive breaking. - M .: Nedra, 1966, 136 p.

9. Baron L.I. About acoustic rigidity as criteria of rock resistance to destruction, crushing by dynamic loads. // Explosive business, No. 67/24. - M: Nedra, 1969, / NTO mountain.

10. Baron L.I. Lumpiness and methods of its measurement. - M.: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences. I960, 123 s.

11. Mosinets V.N. Energy and correlation of the destruction of rocks by explosion. - Frunze: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyzstan. SSR, 1963, 233 p.

12. RF patent No. 2411445. A method of drilling and blasting operations / Khakulov V.A., Sekisov A.G., Plekhanov Yu.V., Khakulov V.V. // Bull. I. - 2011. - No. 4.

13. Tangaev I.A. On the value of the energy intensity of blast hole drilling for a system for the automated preparation of drilling and blasting operations in quarries www.blastmaker.kg/downloads/O znachenii energoemkosti.pdf

14. Kovalenko V.A., Dolgushev V.G., Nagavitsin V.A. Automated design of blasting in quarries. Implementation Experience // Collection of reports. Advanced technologies in the quarries of KRSU, Bishkek, 2008.

15. Khakulov V.A., Ignatov V.N., Khakulov V.V., Plekhanov Yu.V., Sytsevich N.F., Tkachenko L.A. Method for explosive breaking of rock masses - application No. 2011111134/20 (016232).

16. Kovalenko V.A., Tangaev I.A., Kiselev A.O. Management of mining based on operational information about the technological properties of the development object // Collection of reports. Advanced technologies in the quarries of KRSU, Bishkek, 2008.

17. Drukovany M.F. Explosion control methods in quarries. - M .: Nedra, 1973, 415 p.

18. Yu.V. Plekhanov, L.A. Tkachenko, A.I. Filippenko, A.F. Vorobyov. The method of controlling the account of the excavator is mechanical shovels. A.S. No. 1425277 USSR, 1988.

19. Kutuzov B.V., Rubtsov V.K. About the dependence of the fractional composition of the blasted mass on the average diameter of the piece // Mountain Journal. - 1969. - No. 12. - S.33-35.

Claims (1)

A method of drilling and blasting operations in quarries, including preliminary zoning of the rock massif explosiveness according to the energy intensity of drilling and refinement of the zonalization by the energy intensity of excavation, characterized in that in the process of refining the zoning by registering changes in the energy indicators of the work of the pressure head, the lift is tied through the position of the bucket in space and during the operation of scooping, filling, holding the filled bucket in the excavation cycle to record changes to the quality of the foot of the ledge, the granulometric composition and the shape of the pile of broken mass during the transition from the quenched near-well to the quenched interwell space, and the characteristics of the working out of the foot of the ledge are taken into account according to the change in the energy indicators of the pressure head engine at the level of the bottom of the ledge, the granulometric composition of the rock mass according to the change in the energy indicators of the lift engine during filling and holding a filled bucket, compactness of the pile by changing the energy performance of the lifting engine registration of the height of the digging during the transition from the extinguished near-wellbore space to the extinguished interwell space.

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