CN103528444B - A kind of stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method - Google Patents
A kind of stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method, belong to underground mining technical field.First heavily stressed rock burst hazardous area is drawn a circle to approve as unloading pressure by blasting region, then at the stage haulage level construction drilling drift at place, unloading pressure by blasting region, it is the tufted big gun hole of 80 ~ 200mm, hole depth 15 ~ 60m to rock burst rock mass Drilling aperture, finally under the condition in uncompensated space, carry out explosion to powder charge in big gun hole, complete the release of rock burst deathtrap.It is directly to rock burst deathtrap drillhole blasting, and that lays down in rock mass is heavily stressed, eliminates rock burst dangerous.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method, belong to underground mining technical field.
Background technology
Along with to the increase of resources requirement and continuing to increase of mining rate, superficial part resource reduces day by day, and domestic and international many mines enter deep resource exploitation state successively.Under the high-ground stress mining conditions of deep, the dynamic disasters such as rock burst increase increasingly.Rock burst directly threatens the safety of workmen and equipment, affects project progress, becomes the large geological disaster of one in deep mining.How reducing or eliminate surrouding rock stress and change the rock burst dynamic disaster brought, is current deep resource safe working institute urgent need to solve the problem.Therefore, constantly explore and improve rock-burst prevention method, significant to mine safety production.
Higher and had the rock stratum of rock burst danger for stress concentration degree, the normal rock mass pressure relief method that adopts, to slow down stress concentration degree, changes the Stress and strength condition that rock burst occurs.Relieving shot is the regional area to having rock burst danger, alleviates a kind of measure of rock mass stress redistribution degree by the method for explosion.Relieving shot belongs to Internal explosions, and Main Function makes rock mass produce a large amount of crack, and the bearing capacity of rock mass is reduced, the stress redistribution of rock mass, and stress is region and deep transfer towards periphery, forms certain relief area around blast area.At present, unloading pressure by blasting is used for roadway surrounding rock release and coal and rock release, the problem such as there is aperture and hole depth is less, and hole count is few, and relief range is less.
" Northeastern University's journal (natural science edition) " magazine describes a kind of stope rockburst control scheme in 33 volumes the 6th interim " two road ditch gold mine stope rockburst control tests " literary composition in 2012, eliminate the heavily stressed of upper dish sphenoid generation by the method for release, arrange medium-length hole avalanche country rock in the stage casing, top of the heavily stressed country rock of delineation.In 15 stage casing 1511 Stope test schemes, release work arrangement is in 14 level haulage levels, by the projected position determination relief range of 15 stage casing 1511 stope mining working faces in this level, design and construction drilling drift, cutting tunnel, wearing on arteries and veins drilling drift cutter to fan shaped medium length hole with YGZ-90 type rail-mounted rock dill, to cut tunnel for the scope of freedom, avalanche 14 stage casing country rock forms discharge space, and on the stope of its underpart 1511, armor rock achieves release.Its weak point needs to construct a large amount of drilling drift and cutting tunnel, and excavation work amount is large, adopts borehole sectional steel drilling blasthole diameter and hole depth is little, relief range is limited.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method, it is directly to rock burst deathtrap drillhole blasting, and that lays down in rock mass is heavily stressed, eliminates rock burst dangerous.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, comprises the following steps:
(1) draw a circle to approve high stress areas as rock burst deathtrap, carry out unloading pressure by blasting;
(2) at the stage haulage level construction drilling drift at place, unloading pressure by blasting region;
(3) to rock burst rock mass Drilling aperture be the tufted big gun hole of 80 ~ 200mm, hole depth 15 ~ 60m;
(4) under the condition in uncompensated space, carry out explosion to powder charge in big gun hole, complete the release of rock burst deathtrap.
The method of the heavily stressed deathtrap of described delineation first carries out Rock Mechanics Test, analysis project district rock mass Rock burst proneness, by Project Areas three-dimension geosciences modeling or Three-dimensional simulation means, draw stress distribution law, mark off high stress areas, there is the particular location of rock burst in predictive engine district, as the region of rockburst pressure relief solution danger.
Described drilling drift is meet the tunnel of rock drilling equipment job requirement or special chamber, and specifications section is (3 ~ 4) × (3 ~ 4) rice, and is arranged in the stage haulage level at place, rock burst deathtrap.
Described tufted big gun hole by multiple big gun hole radially or umbrella arrange, centered by rock drilling position, radially arrange to rock burst rock mass, big gun pore size distribution has 3 ~ 10 to arrange, and often shows 3 ~ 8 big gun holes and becomes fan-shaped distribution.
The inclination angle in described each big gun hole is 5 ~ 90 °, and bottom hole pitch is 5 ~ 12m, by QZJ100B type underground down-the-hole drill Drilling.
The explosion in described big gun hole is divided into be carried out for 3 ~ 8 times, and each blast hole projectile filling coefficient is 0.3 ~ 0.7, gross blockage factor is 0.3 ~ 0.6.
The condition in described uncompensated space be do not reserve cutting for holding by the volumetric spaces of the broken expansion of explosion ore.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows that tufted of constructing in drilling drift deep hole does not need frequent mobile rock drill, saves a large amount of drilling drift engineerings; Explosion under uncompensated steric requirements, without the need to cutting tunnel and cutting vertical-horizontal groove, excavation cost is low; Greatly, relief range is large for blasthole diameter and the degree of depth.Adopt tufted deep hole demolition uploading pressure method fundamentally can change the stress distribution of upper dish rock mass.After adopting deep hole unloading technology, change the stress distribution of rock mass, make peak stress away from stope, effectively can carry out release to mine deep rock burst hazardous area, the generation of control rock burst.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rockburst pressure relief control schematic diagram of embodiments of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is the A-A face cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1 of the present invention.
In figure: 1-rock burst deathtrap, 2-level haulageway, 3-drilling drift, 4-big gun hole, 5-ore limits, 6-blast hole projectile filling section.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, certain deep orebody, average level thickness 12 meters, mean obliquity 65o, in figure, 1 is the rock burst deathtrap of drawing a circle to approve, and 2 is level haulageway, and 3 for wearing arteries and veins drilling drift, 4 is bunch holes, and 5 is ore body upper lower burrs border, and 6 is the powder charge section in big gun hole.The concrete steps of present embodiment comprise:
(1) draw a circle to approve high stress areas as rock burst deathtrap, carry out unloading pressure by blasting; First Rock Mechanics Test is carried out, analysis project district rock mass Rock burst proneness, by Project Areas three-dimension geosciences modeling means, draw stress distribution law, marking off high stress areas, may there is the particular location of rock burst in predictive engine district, as the region of rockburst pressure relief solution danger.Select this rock burst deathtrap 1 to be unloading pressure by blasting object, carry out release engineering design;
(2) at the stage haulage level construction drilling chamber at place, unloading pressure by blasting region, to construct drilling drift 3 from the level haulageway 2 at place, rock burst deathtrap 1, the specification of drilling drift 3 is 4 × 3 meters;
(3) to rock mass Drilling aperture, rock burst deathtrap 1 be the tufted big gun hole 3 of 100mm, hole depth 31 ~ 53m, tufted big gun hole 3 by multiple big gun hole radially or umbrella arrange, centered by rock drill, radially arrange to rock burst rock mass, big gun pore size distribution has 9 row, often shows 6 big gun holes and becomes fan-shaped distribution; The inclination angle in each big gun hole is 20 ~ 86 °, and bottom hole pitch is 8 ~ 10m, by QZJ100B type underground down-the-hole drill Drilling.As shown in Figure 2, the blast hole parameter determined is as follows: as the inclination angle in the 5th row 6 holes and hole depth are respectively: 5-a:20 °/31m; 5-b:37 °/38m; 5-c:52 °/50m; 5-d:63 °/53m; 5-e:74 °/49m; 5-f:86 °/47m.
(4) under the condition in uncompensated space, explosion is carried out to powder charge in big gun hole, 54 big gun holes are divided and are detonated for 6 times, adopt Uncoincided charge, powder stick diameter 80mm, coefficient of charge 0.5-0.6, stemming gross blockage factor is 0.4, with two fuse arming test experiment initiation, detonate under the condition not having compensation space, in the rock mass after explosion around big gun hole, form crack
,reduce the stress concentration degree in rock burst hazardous area.
(5) after implementing rock burst hazardous area relieving shot, the energy gathered in rock burst rock mass significantly reduces, stress distribution around there occurs larger change, method for numerical simulation is adopted to carry out sunykatuib analysis to the stress distribution before and after explosion, result shows that rock mass stress becomes 12 ~ 19MPa from 16 ~ 25MPa before relieving shot, than the 4 ~ 6MPa that declines before relieving shot.Therefore, after adopting the explosion of tufted hole, the stress of overlying rock can be reduced, there is obvious release effect.
Embodiment two: the stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method of present embodiment is:
(1) draw a circle to approve high stress areas as rock burst deathtrap, carry out unloading pressure by blasting; First Rock Mechanics Test is carried out, analysis project district rock mass Rock burst proneness, by Project Areas Three-dimensional simulation means, draw stress distribution law, marking off high stress areas, may there is the particular location of rock burst in predictive engine district, as the region of rockburst pressure relief solution danger.
(2) at the stage haulage level construction drilling drift at place, unloading pressure by blasting region, drilling drift is the tunnel meeting rock drilling equipment job requirement, and specifications section is 3 × 3.3 meters;
(3) to rock burst rock mass Drilling aperture be the tufted big gun hole of 80mm, hole depth 60m, tufted big gun hole by multiple big gun hole radially or umbrella arrange, centered by rock drill, radially arrange to rock burst rock mass, big gun pore size distribution has 10 row, often shows 3 big gun holes and becomes fan-shaped distribution, and the inclination angle in each big gun hole is 5 ~ 70 °, bottom hole pitch is 8 ~ 12m, by QZJ100B type underground down-the-hole drill Drilling;
(4) under the condition in uncompensated space, carry out explosion to powder charge in big gun hole, the explosion in big gun hole is divided into be carried out for 3 times, and each blast hole projectile filling coefficient is 0.3 ~ 0.5, gross blockage factor is 0.3 ~ 0.4, completes the release of rock burst deathtrap.
(5) in order to check the effect of relieving shot, detect aperture is being utilized to spy on the demolition effect of distressed zone rock mass different depth apart from the position of blast hole 2.5m.By the fractured zones in detect aperture, find that deephole bench blasting destroys compactness and the integrality of Project Areas rock mass, weaken the intensity of solid rock, reduce the elastic deformation energy gathered in rock mass, make danger and the remitted its fury of rock burst.
Embodiment three: the stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method of present embodiment is:
(1) draw a circle to approve high stress areas as rock burst deathtrap, carry out unloading pressure by blasting;
First Rock Mechanics Test is carried out, analysis project district rock mass Rock burst proneness, by Project Areas three-dimension geosciences modeling, the means such as Three-dimensional simulation, draw stress distribution law, marking off high stress areas, may there is the particular location of rock burst in predictive engine district, as the region of rockburst pressure relief solution danger.
(2) at the stage haulage level construction drilling drift at place, unloading pressure by blasting region, drilling drift is the tunnel meeting rock drilling equipment job requirement, and specifications section is 3.5 × 4 meters;
(3) to rock burst rock mass Drilling aperture be the tufted big gun hole of 200mm, hole depth 15m, tufted big gun hole is that pencil or umbrella are arranged by multiple big gun hole, centered by rock drill, radially arrange to rock burst rock mass, big gun pore size distribution has 3 row, often shows 8 big gun holes and becomes fan-shaped distribution, and the inclination angle in each big gun hole is 60 ~ 90 °, bottom hole pitch is 5 ~ 10m, by QZJ100B type underground down-the-hole drill Drilling;
(4) under the condition in uncompensated space, carry out explosion to powder charge in big gun hole, the explosion in big gun hole is divided into be carried out for 8 times, and each blast hole projectile filling coefficient is 0.5 ~ 0.7, gross blockage factor is 0.4 ~ 0.6, completes rockburst pressure relief.
(5) before and after explosion, the test result of crustal stress shows: before explosion, maximum principal stress is 27MPa, be 19MPa after relieving shot, adopt relieving shot technology of the present invention the crustal stress in heavily stressed hazardous area can be transferred to country rock deep, make to be in around Project Areas one compared with stressed zone.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. a stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method, is characterized in that concrete steps comprise:
(1) draw a circle to approve high stress areas as rock burst deathtrap, carry out unloading pressure by blasting;
(2) at the stage haulage level construction drilling drift at place, unloading pressure by blasting region;
(3) to rock burst rock mass Drilling aperture be the tufted big gun hole of 80 ~ 200mm, hole depth 15 ~ 60m;
(4) under the condition in uncompensated space, carry out explosion to powder charge in big gun hole, complete the release of rock burst deathtrap;
The method of the heavily stressed deathtrap of described delineation first carries out Rock Mechanics Test, analysis project district rock mass Rock burst proneness, by Project Areas three-dimension geosciences modeling or Three-dimensional simulation means, draw stress distribution law, mark off high stress areas, there is the particular location of rock burst in predictive engine district, as the region of rockburst pressure relief solution danger;
Described drilling drift is meet the tunnel of rock drilling equipment job requirement or special chamber, and specifications section is (3 ~ 4) × (3 ~ 4) rice, and is arranged in the stage haulage level at place, rock burst deathtrap;
Described tufted big gun hole by multiple big gun hole radially or umbrella arrange, centered by rock drilling position, radially arrange to rock burst rock mass, be made up of 3 ~ 10 row big gun holes, often show 3 ~ 8 big gun holes and become fan-shaped distribution.
2. stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the inclination angle in described each big gun hole is 5 ~ 90 °, and bottom hole pitch is 5 ~ 12m.
3. stope rockburst pressure relief prevention method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the explosion in described big gun hole is divided into be carried out for 3 ~ 8 times, and each blast hole projectile filling coefficient is 0.3 ~ 0.7, gross blockage factor is 0.3 ~ 0.6.
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| CN103940568B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method detecting tight roof relieving shot effect |
| CN105134217B (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-10-27 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Deep well unloading mining method |
| CN108708755B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2020-08-28 | 武汉工程大学 | Underground rock burst prevention and control method |
| CN110332865A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-15 | 中南大学 | Deep high stress stope upper centripetal deep hole combined blasting method |
| CN111119968B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-11 | 太原理工大学 | Method for eliminating large-area coming-pressure storm wind hazard of coal mine roof based on energy consumption and speed reduction |
| CN114352283B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-07-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Advanced pressure relief subsequent filling mining method for ore pillar in coiled area |
| CN114810209B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-06-06 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Method for treating top of large goaf of underground mine and eliminating goaf |
| CN115164661B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-04-19 | 四川华能泸定水电有限公司 | Directional energy-gathering ring and tunnel surrounding rock stress relieving blasting method |
| CN116740329B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-03-12 | 武汉工程大学 | Deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on infrared monitoring technology |
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| US4135450A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1979-01-23 | Canadian Industries Limited | Method of underground mining |
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