CN116740329B - Deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on infrared monitoring technology - Google Patents
Deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on infrared monitoring technology Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/10—Image acquisition
- G06V10/12—Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
- G06V10/14—Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
- G06V10/143—Sensing or illuminating at different wavelengths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/70—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning
- G06V10/74—Image or video pattern matching; Proximity measures in feature spaces
- G06V10/761—Proximity, similarity or dissimilarity measures
Abstract
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which comprises the following steps: infrared radiation detection is carried out on the face of the deep rock mass tunnel by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector; according to the high-temperature radiation area displayed by the infrared radiation cloud picture, combining the mining working conditions of the deep rock mass tunnel, and primarily identifying the rock mass stress active area; determining a rock burst risk area of the face and locking a high-stress area according to the primary identification result; performing stress analysis on the high stress area, and arranging pressure relief holes; and monitoring the pressure relief process of the arranged pressure relief holes, and performing rock burst prevention and control. The infrared rock burst detector is used for detecting infrared radiation of the face, identifying the high-temperature radiation area, arranging the pressure relief holes, and effectively realizing rock burst prevention and control through monitoring the pressure relief process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep rock mass engineering, in particular to a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology.
Background
Phosphorite is taken as a non-renewable natural resource, and along with gradual exhaustion of shallow phosphorus resources, mine enterprises gradually mine deep phosphorus resources. In the process of deep gentle-inclined ore body excavation disturbance, the deep shallow-inclined ore body excavation disturbance is influenced by deep complex geological environment and high ground stress, so that the problem of safety and stability in deep engineering is increasingly serious.
With the development of science and technology, the monitoring means of ground pressure is more advanced, and at present, the on-site common monitoring method mainly comprises the following steps: microseismic methods, microgravitational methods, seismological prediction methods, cuttings methods, electromagnetic radiation methods, and the like. However, most of the rock burst prediction works are performed by collecting acoustic signals released when the rock mass breaks and then performing data processing analysis. The arrangement of a large number of sensors makes the operation of the instrument complex, requires a professional technician to operate, and requires a certain time for data collection, analysis and processing, is very unfriendly to first-line operators and has large economic investment for pre-buried equipment. By capturing the infrared radiation value of the rock mass of the deep roadway, the energy accumulation degree of the rock mass can be intuitively and vividly reflected, so that the stress concentration degree of the rock mass is reflected to a certain degree. In addition, a rock mass high stress concentration area of the face is excavated, and rock burst intensity and frequency generated are higher, so that rock burst prevention and control can be performed through a pressure relief method. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the infrared radiation distribution of the deep tunnel rock mass so as to improve the safe and efficient exploitation of the deep rock mass engineering.
Therefore, the invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which is used for detecting infrared radiation on a tunnel face through an infrared rock burst detector, identifying a high-temperature radiation area, further arranging pressure relief holes, and effectively realizing rock burst prevention and control through monitoring a pressure relief process.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: infrared radiation detection is carried out on the face of the deep rock mass tunnel by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector;
step 2: according to the high-temperature radiation area displayed by the infrared radiation cloud picture, combining the mining working conditions of the deep rock mass tunnel, and primarily identifying the rock mass stress active area;
step 3: determining a rock burst risk area of the face and locking a high-stress area according to the primary identification result;
step 4: performing stress analysis on the high stress area, and arranging pressure relief holes;
step 5: and monitoring the pressure relief process of the arranged pressure relief holes, and performing rock burst prevention and control.
Preferably, before the infrared radiation detection is carried out on the face of the tunnel of the deep rock mass by using the handheld infrared rock burst detector, the infrared radiation detection device comprises:
acquiring the internal information of the deep rock mass tunnel, and constructing to obtain an internal structure;
determining a first space line of the face based on the internal structure, analyzing the internal structure and the first space line according to a safety monitoring model, and determining a safety monitoring position;
and outputting the safety monitoring position for reference of detection personnel.
Preferably, use handheld infrared rock burst detector to carry out infrared radiation detection to deep rock mass tunnel face, include:
detecting the face by adopting a handheld infrared rock burst detector according to different detection modes to obtain a plurality of detection images;
constructing and obtaining an infrared radiation cloud picture based on the plurality of detection images;
the detection mode comprises the following steps: the detection modes from top to bottom, from bottom to top, from left to right, from right to left, from middle to four sides and along the diagonal line.
Preferably, based on the plurality of detection images, constructing and obtaining an infrared radiation cloud image includes:
acquiring a pixel value of each position point in the detection image, and generating a detection matrix of each detection image;
carrying out position alignment treatment on each detection matrix, and intercepting to obtain a matrix to be compared of each detection image;
extracting element values of the same position points from all matrixes to be compared, and constructing an element array of each position point;
when the element array satisfiesWhen the element values in the element array are subjected to size sorting, an element scatter diagram is drawn, wherein ymax represents the maximum element value in the element array; ymin represents the aboveThe minimum element value in the element array; />Representing an average element value in the element array; n1 represents the number of element values in the element array; />Representing the i1 st element value in the element array;
performing linear fitting on the element scatter diagram, further performing first average processing on fitting lines corresponding to linear fitting results to obtain final values, and filling the final values into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
if the element values do not meet the element values, calibrating the points which are the same as the element values of the position points from the corresponding matrix to be compared, and obtaining a point distribution diagram;
overlapping and comparing all the point distribution graphs obtained based on the position points to determine an overlapping duty ratio;
if the overlapping duty ratio is larger than or equal to the preset duty ratio, determining the current image color depth of each point distribution map, adjusting each corresponding point distribution map according to the preset color depth, extracting color depth adjusting element values of the same position points, performing second average processing to obtain a final value, and filling the final value into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
if the overlapping duty ratio is smaller than the preset duty ratio, respectively determining the number of color depth levels in the matrix to be compared, and filling element values of corresponding positions in the matrix to be compared with the maximum number of color depth levels into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
based on the filling result, obtaining a final matrix, converting the final matrix, and constructing an infrared radiation cloud picture.
Preferably, according to the high-temperature radiation area displayed by the infrared radiation cloud chart, the mining working condition of the deep rock mass roadway is combined to perform preliminary identification on the rock mass stress active area, including:
analyzing the mining working conditions based on a working condition analysis model, and determining mining information of different mining points in a mining time period from the starting mining time to the acquiring time of the mining working conditions;
associating the mining points with the location points of the internal structure, and attaching mining information of different location points to the internal structure;
meanwhile, according to the spatial relationship between the infrared radiation cloud picture and the internal structure, extracting relevant exploitation space from the attached internal structure;
and identifying the rock mass stress active region based on the mining space and the infrared radiation cloud picture.
Preferably, determining a rock burst risk area of the face and locking a high stress area according to the preliminary identification result comprises:
marking the position points meeting the high radiation requirement according to the primary identification result;
dividing regional boundaries according to the labeling result to obtain a rock burst risk region;
and determining a high-stress area based on a preset corresponding relation between the high stress and the rock burst risk.
Preferably, the stress analysis is performed on the high stress region, and the pressure relief hole is arranged, including:
dividing the high-stress area according to the stress of each area point in the high-stress area, and marking the significance of the same color on the same stress level to obtain marking distribution, wherein the higher the stress level is, the darker the corresponding marking color is;
and obtaining a deployment scheme based on the grade-deployment mapping table, and arranging pressure relief holes according to the deployment scheme.
Preferably, the pressure relief process of the arranged pressure relief holes is monitored, and rock burst prevention and control are performed, including:
monitoring the excavating parameters of each pressure relief hole at each excavating moment after excavating is started in real time, wherein the excavating parameters comprise working parameters of excavating equipment, excavating depth, first surface information of excavating side surfaces and second surface information of excavating bottom surfaces corresponding to the excavating depth and crushing results of excavating ores at each excavating moment;
according to the mining parameters, respectively calculating a mining difficulty set U1 corresponding to mining equipment, a mining difficulty set U2 corresponding to a mining process and a mining difficulty set U3 corresponding to a mining result;
；
wherein,representing the excavating power of the excavating equipment to the pressure relief hole at the j1 st excavating moment; />Representing the normal power of the excavating equipment; />The excavation depth of the pressure relief hole at the j1 st excavation time is represented; />Representing a normal depth function corresponding to the j1 st excavation power consistent case; />Representing participation weight corresponding to the first surface information at the j1 st mining time; />Representing participation weight corresponding to the second surface information at the j1 st mining time; />Representing flatness determined based on the first face information at the j1 st excavation timing; />Representing flatness determined based on the second face information at the j1 st excavation timing; />The representation is consistent with the j1 st digging powerA corresponding conventional flattening function in the case of (2); />Representing the ore crushing density based on the crushing result at the j1 st excavation time; />A crushing density function corresponding to the j1 st excavation power; m1 represents the total number of times of excavation of the corresponding pressure relief holes;
removing the maximum value and the minimum value in U1, U2 and U3, and carrying out average treatment on the residual values in each set to obtain the average difficulty of each set;
based on the average difficulty of the three sets, determining the final difficulty of the corresponding pressure relief hole at the corresponding excavation time;
；
wherein Z1 represents the average difficulty for the U1 processed set; z2 represents the average difficulty for the U2 processed set; z3 represents the average difficulty for the U3 processed set;representing the set weights for U1; />Representing the set weights for U2; />Represents the set weight for U3, and +.>；/>Representing from->The average difficulty corresponding to the maximum weight is obtained;
setting a first blasting strength to the corresponding pressure relief hole based on the total number-difficulty-strength mapping table according to the total number of the excavation moments of the corresponding pressure relief hole and the final difficulty of each excavation moment;
determining the maximum allowable bursting strength according to the first bursting strength of each pressure relief hole and the arrangement layout of all the pressure relief holes;
correcting the first bursting strength which is larger than the maximum allowable bursting strength to obtain a corresponding second bursting strength;
and obtaining the detonator set number of each pressure relief hole from the strength-set mapping table according to all the second explosion strengths, and performing rock burst prevention and control.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a technical path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an infrared radiation cloud image of a field roadway in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a roadway under test in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a pressure relief vent layout in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1: infrared radiation detection is carried out on the face of the deep rock mass tunnel by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector;
step 2: according to the high-temperature radiation area displayed by the infrared radiation cloud picture, combining the mining working conditions of the deep rock mass tunnel, and primarily identifying the rock mass stress active area;
step 3: determining a rock burst risk area of the face and locking a high-stress area according to the primary identification result;
step 4: performing stress analysis on the high stress area, and arranging pressure relief holes;
step 5: and monitoring the pressure relief process of the arranged pressure relief holes, and performing rock burst prevention and control.
In the embodiment, the handheld infrared rock burst monitor is simple and portable in operation and high in cost advantage, and can effectively solve the problems of high economic investment of pre-buried equipment, complex rock burst monitoring process and low efficiency in the early stage.
In the embodiment, a handheld infrared rock burst detector captures the infrared radiation condition of a deep tunnel rock body, finds out the area where the infrared radiation value of a high stress concentration area or a stress active area on the surface of the deep rock body is located under the condition of excavation disturbance, and specifically arranges pressure relief holes by combining the shape characteristics of the section of an actual tunnel. And the rock mass around the pressure relief hole is crushed and softened through the pressure relief hole, so that the effect of weakening the high stress level of the tunnel face is achieved. And blasting the pressure relief hole by adopting a forward blasting mode. And reinforcing surrounding roadway rock mass through anchor net support. And after the construction is completed, slag removal treatment is carried out on the roadway construction site. The technical route is shown in figure 2.
In this embodiment, assuming that the tunnel face width is d meters (d is less than or equal to 5 meters), a detector generally stands 2d meters in front of the tunnel face to be detected, and infrared detection is performed by capturing the infrared radiation value of the tunnel face.
In the embodiment, the upper rock mass in the face corresponding to the high-temperature region of the infrared radiation cloud picture, namely the high-stress region, is selected to be provided with the pressure relief holes. And drilling rock by adopting a down-the-hole drill, arranging 6 parallel pressure relief holes at the position of about 30-50 cm of a parallel top plate or arranging 6-8 pressure relief holes in a mode of '2+2+2' (or '3+2+3'), wherein the pressure relief holes phi are 80 mm, the hole distance is 0.2-0.6 m, and the hole depth is 10 m. And (5) after drilling is finished, injecting water into the pressure relief hole for soaking.
In this embodiment, specific implementation contents include:
and (3) a hand-held infrared rock burst detector is adopted for a plurality of mine area mountain-climbing tunnels and mountain-falling tunnels of the Yichang deep phosphorite in Hubei to find out the areas where the high stress concentration areas on the rock surface or the infrared radiation values of the stress active areas are located under the excavation disturbance, and pressure relief holes are arranged in combination with the morphological characteristics of the tunnel sections.
The safety monitoring system of the mining area monitors that the intensity and frequency of rock burst of the mining area are obviously reduced, and the risk in mining is greatly reduced.
The 810 area is positioned at the northwest part of the IV ore section of the mining area, the corresponding earth surface is the eastern middle-reservoir ditch, the Su Guling western area is positioned at the northwest, the southeast and the lowest of the topography, the earth surface elevation is 1650-1280 m, and the burial depth of the ore body is 800-600 m. 8.73 ten thousand square meters of goaf have been formed since 2016 mining, and 3.41 ten thousand square meters are backfilled. During the process of tunnel tunneling and stoping, rock burst is frequent, and the whole production process is accompanied.
And using a handheld infrared rock burst detector to detect infrared radiation on the face of the tunnel of a certain mine. The width of the tunnel face is 3.5 meters, and a detector stands in 7 meters in front of the detected tunnel face and performs infrared detection by capturing the infrared radiation value of the tunnel face. The infrared radiation cloud image of the field roadway is compared with the roadway to be tested, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
And (3) primarily identifying the stress active region of the rock mass according to the high-temperature radiation region displayed by the infrared radiation cloud picture and the mining working condition of the tunnel so as to judge the rock burst risk region of the tunnel face.
And selecting the rock mass at the middle and upper part of the tunnel face corresponding to the high-temperature region of the infrared radiation cloud picture to arrange the pressure relief holes. And (3) drilling by using a down-the-hole drill, arranging 8 pressure relief holes in a 3+2+3 mode at a position about 30 cm parallel to the top plate, wherein the pressure relief holes phi are 80 mm, the hole distance is 0.2-0.6 m, and the hole depth is 10 m. And (5) after drilling is finished, injecting water into the pressure relief hole for soaking. The pressure relief vent arrangement is shown in fig. 5.
And (3) blasting the pressure relief holes in a forward blasting mode, wherein the loading capacity of each hole is about 3 kg, and 3 detonators are needed. And after the charging is finished, filling the spare parts of the holes with stemming or sand, wherein the hole sealing depth is more than 2 cm, connecting the holes in series, connecting the holes in parallel, and detonating in a connecting mode, wherein 2-8 holes are connected with each other every time.
The method comprises the steps of supporting a roadway rock body near a blasting line by using an anchor net, arranging anchor rod holes perpendicular to the periphery of the roadway, installing a phi 20 multiplied by 2200 mm equal-strength prestressed anchor rod, perforating the top by using an anchor fence machine, and perforating the upper by using an air hammer. The anchor rod nets are paved from the middle part of the top plate to two sides, the two sides are propped against the nets to pass through shoulder pits, and the net is added to the bottom corner at the upper part of the roadway.
And after the construction is completed, slag removal treatment is carried out on the roadway construction site.
By arranging pressure relief holes on rock mass at the middle upper part of the tunnel face corresponding to the high-temperature region of the infrared radiation cloud picture of the tunnel, rock burst does not occur in the production link circulation process of tunneling, danger elimination, slag discharge and the like, and rock burst is only performed 1 time when a top plate is cleared and discharged before an anchor net, and the rock burst is a siliceous rock burst of the top plate, has small and crisp sound and weak influence.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the infrared rock burst detector is used for detecting infrared radiation of the face, identifying the high-temperature radiation area, arranging the pressure relief holes, and effectively realizing rock burst prevention and control through monitoring the pressure relief process.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which comprises the following steps before infrared radiation detection is carried out on a deep rock roadway face by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector:
acquiring the internal information of the deep rock mass tunnel, and constructing to obtain an internal structure;
determining a first space line of the face based on the internal structure, analyzing the internal structure and the first space line according to a safety monitoring model, and determining a safety monitoring position;
and outputting the safety monitoring position for reference of detection personnel.
In this embodiment, the internal information refers to the empty space of the deep rock mass tunnel, which is convenient for constructing the internal structure, mainly for determining the safety monitoring position.
In this embodiment, the first spatial line refers to a connection line between the face and the internal structure based on the ground.
In this embodiment, the safety monitoring model is trained in advance, and based on the spatial relationship between different spatial sizes and the connecting line and the spatial relationship, and the matched safety monitoring position is obtained by training a sample, so that the safety monitoring position can be obtained, and is the position where the monitoring personnel needs to stand, and in the process of determining the safety monitoring position, the safety monitoring position is generally about 2m in front of the connecting line, and if the spatial linear size is less than 2m, the infrared monitoring is performed at the farthest position from the connecting line.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: through obtaining inner structure and confirm the space line of face and its structure, be convenient for based on the model analysis, obtain the safety monitoring position, guarantee the security of inspector.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which uses a handheld infrared rock burst detector to detect infrared radiation of a deep rock mass roadway face, and comprises the following steps:
detecting the face by adopting a handheld infrared rock burst detector according to different detection modes to obtain a plurality of detection images;
constructing and obtaining an infrared radiation cloud picture based on the plurality of detection images;
the detection mode comprises the following steps: the detection modes from top to bottom, from bottom to top, from left to right, from right to left, from middle to four sides and along the diagonal line.
In this embodiment, there is one detection image for each detection mode.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the tunnel face is detected according to different detection modes, so that a plurality of detection images are obtained, the sufficiency of the images is ensured, and an effective basis is provided for the follow-up construction of the cloud image.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which is based on a plurality of detection images to construct an infrared radiation cloud picture, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a pixel value of each position point in the detection image, and generating a detection matrix of each detection image;
carrying out position alignment treatment on each detection matrix, and intercepting to obtain a matrix to be compared of each detection image;
extracting element values of the same position points from all matrixes to be compared, and constructing an element array of each position point;
when the element array satisfiesWhen the element values in the element array are subjected to size sorting, an element scatter diagram is drawn, wherein ymax represents the maximum element value in the element array; ymin represents the minimum element value in the element array; />Representing an average element value in the element array; n1 represents the number of element values in the element array; />Representing the i1 st element value in the element array;
performing linear fitting on the element scatter diagram, further performing first average processing on fitting lines corresponding to linear fitting results to obtain final values, and filling the final values into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
if the element values do not meet the element values, calibrating the points which are the same as the element values of the position points from the corresponding matrix to be compared, and obtaining a point distribution diagram;
overlapping and comparing all the point distribution graphs obtained based on the position points to determine an overlapping duty ratio;
if the overlapping duty ratio is larger than or equal to the preset duty ratio, determining the current image color depth of each point distribution map, adjusting each corresponding point distribution map according to the preset color depth, extracting color depth adjusting element values of the same position points, performing second average processing to obtain a final value, and filling the final value into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
if the overlapping duty ratio is smaller than the preset duty ratio, respectively determining the number of color depth levels in the matrix to be compared, and filling element values of corresponding positions in the matrix to be compared with the maximum number of color depth levels into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
based on the filling result, obtaining a final matrix, converting the final matrix, and constructing an infrared radiation cloud picture.
In this embodiment, since the detection modes are different, the number of the location points involved in each detected image may be different, but in order to ensure the accuracy of the element value analysis of the location points, a location alignment process is performed to intercept the location points contained in each detected image, that is, the location points in the intercepted image are the same, and the matrix to be compared is constructed for the pixel value of each location point on the intercepted image.
In this embodiment, for example, there are 5 truncated images, and then the element array constructed for the position point 1 contains 5 element values, and the element values are corresponding pixel values.
In this embodiment, the abscissa of the element scattergram is the capturing time of the detection image, and the ordinate is the element value size.
In this embodiment, the first averaging process refers to accumulating and averaging the element values of the 5 points on the fitted line.
In this embodiment, overlap comparison refers to overlapping the dot distribution diagram corresponding to each element in the array, that is, each dot in the 5 dot distribution diagrams has 5 overlaps, so that the dot can be regarded as overlapping.
For example, the overlapping duty ratio is calculated by taking the number of points in the graph with the least points in the point distribution diagram as denominators and taking the number of the completely overlapped points as numerator, and the value of the preset duty ratio is generally 0.5.
In this embodiment, color depth adjustment refers to that in the process of collecting by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector, due to different scanning modes, different light rays, or self-systematic errors of equipment, infrared results obtained for the same position point but in different modes are different in the process of collecting, and finally, the color depths represented on images are also different, that is, the color depths are different.
In this embodiment, the preset color depth refers to the color depth obtained after the detection of the sample ore by the handheld infrared rock burst detection, for example, the detected sample ore has a depth of 1, but in the process of detecting the face of the deep rock tunnel, the position point 1 should be the depth 1, but is 1.2 at this time, and the depth 1.2 needs to be adjusted according to the depth 1.
In this embodiment, the reference value is larger as the number of the color depth levels is larger, so that the calculated maximum number of the color depth levels corresponds to the matrix to be compared.
In the embodiment, the matrix conversion is because the matrix is in a mathematical expression form, and the matrix needs to be converted into an image expression form, so that the infrared radiation cloud image can be conveniently obtained.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: through carrying out alignment processing to the matrix, be convenient for carry out the analysis of co-location, and through carrying out analysis judgement to the element array, confirm the reasonable filling value of corresponding element position, guarantee the accuracy nature of the infrared radiation cloud picture that obtains, provide accurate basis for follow-up prevention and control.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which is used for primarily identifying a rock stress active region by combining mining working conditions of a deep rock roadway according to a high-temperature radiation region displayed by an infrared radiation cloud picture, and comprises the following steps:
analyzing the mining working conditions based on a working condition analysis model, and determining mining information of different mining points in a mining time period from the starting mining time to the acquiring time of the mining working conditions;
associating the mining points with the location points of the internal structure, and attaching mining information of different location points to the internal structure;
meanwhile, according to the spatial relationship between the infrared radiation cloud picture and the internal structure, extracting relevant exploitation space from the attached internal structure;
and identifying the rock mass stress active region based on the mining space and the infrared radiation cloud picture.
In this embodiment, the mining conditions refer to the collection depth, collection width and collection height of the deep roadway at different positions at different moments.
In this embodiment, the collecting working condition may be analyzed by the working condition analysis model to determine the mining information, that is, the depth, the width and the height, of the different mining points in the mining time period from the starting mining time to the acquiring time of the acquiring working condition.
In this embodiment, associating refers to one-to-one correspondence of mining points to location points.
In this embodiment, the additional means that the mining information is marked on the corresponding position point, so as to facilitate direct viewing.
In this embodiment, the spatial relationship refers to the positional relationship of the face and the internal structure.
In this embodiment, production space refers to production conditions associated with the face.
In this embodiment, the stress active region refers to a region where there is a change in stress, such as: the stress at the position 1 is 1, the stress at the position 2 is 1, the stress at the position 3 is 1, the stress at the position 4 is 1.2, and the stress at the position 5 is 1.3, and at this time, the region corresponding to the position 4 and the position 5 is the stress active region.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: and the mining working condition is subjected to position correlation with the infrared radiation cloud picture, so that the identification of the stress active region of the rock mass is effectively realized, and the rationality of arranging the pressure relief holes is ensured.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which determines a rock burst risk area of a tunnel face and locks a high-stress area according to a preliminary identification result, and comprises the following steps:
marking the position points meeting the high radiation requirement according to the primary identification result;
dividing regional boundaries according to the labeling result to obtain a rock burst risk region;
and determining a high-stress area based on a preset corresponding relation between the high stress and the rock burst risk.
In this embodiment, the high radiation requirement means that the corresponding temperature value is greater than the boundary temperature value (set in advance), and at this time, the corresponding position point needs to be marked.
In this embodiment, region boundary division refers to obtaining the outermost boundary of the marked position point, and obtaining a rock burst risk region.
In this embodiment, the preset corresponding relationship is preset, and is generally in the middle-upper part of the rock burst risk area, that is, the high stress area.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the high stress area is conveniently and effectively determined by carrying out point marking and boundary dividing and combining with a preset corresponding relation, and a foundation is provided for arranging the pressure relief holes.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which is used for carrying out stress analysis on a high-stress area and arranging pressure relief holes, and comprises the following steps:
dividing the high-stress area according to the stress of each area point in the high-stress area, and marking the significance of the same color on the same stress level to obtain marking distribution, wherein the higher the stress level is, the darker the corresponding marking color is;
and obtaining a deployment scheme based on the grade-deployment mapping table, and arranging pressure relief holes according to the deployment scheme.
In this embodiment, the division of the regions is performed according to the stress, the same stress level is determined according to the magnitude of the stress, and each level has a corresponding stress range.
In this embodiment, the level-deployment map is the result of a corresponding deployment scenario including the distribution of areas of different stress levels and level-corresponding areas, and therefore, the deployment scenario can be directly acquired.
In this embodiment, the deployment results may be as shown in FIG. 5.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: and (5) obtaining the distribution of the grade areas through the grade division of the stress, and providing a foundation for arranging the pressure relief holes.
The invention provides a deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on an infrared monitoring technology, which monitors the pressure relief process of a arranged pressure relief hole and performs rock burst prevention and control, and comprises the following steps:
monitoring the excavating parameters of each pressure relief hole at each excavating moment after excavating is started in real time, wherein the excavating parameters comprise working parameters of excavating equipment, excavating depth, first surface information of excavating side surfaces and second surface information of excavating bottom surfaces corresponding to the excavating depth and crushing results of excavating ores at each excavating moment;
according to the mining parameters, respectively calculating a mining difficulty set U1 corresponding to mining equipment, a mining difficulty set U2 corresponding to a mining process and a mining difficulty set U3 corresponding to a mining result;
；
wherein,representing the excavating power of the excavating equipment to the pressure relief hole at the j1 st excavating moment; />Representing the normal power of the excavating equipment; />The excavation depth of the pressure relief hole at the j1 st excavation time is represented; />Representing a normal depth function corresponding to the j1 st excavation power consistent case; />Representing participation weight corresponding to the first surface information at the j1 st mining time; />Representing participation weight corresponding to the second surface information at the j1 st mining time; />Representing flatness determined based on the first face information at the j1 st excavation timing; />Representing flatness determined based on the second face information at the j1 st excavation timing; />Representing a conventional flattening function corresponding to the condition that the j1 st digging power is consistent; />Representing the ore crushing density based on the crushing result at the j1 st excavation time; />A crushing density function corresponding to the j1 st excavation power; m1 represents the total number of times of excavation of the corresponding pressure relief holes;
removing the maximum value and the minimum value in U1, U2 and U3, and carrying out average treatment on the residual values in each set to obtain the average difficulty of each set;
based on the average difficulty of the three sets, determining the final difficulty of the corresponding pressure relief hole at the corresponding excavation time;
；
wherein Z1 represents the average difficulty for the U1 processed set; z2 represents the average difficulty for the U2 processed set; z3 represents the average difficulty for the U3 processed set;representing the set weights for U1; />Representing the set weights for U2; />Represents the set weight for U3, and +.>；/>Representing from->The average difficulty corresponding to the maximum weight is obtained;
setting a first blasting strength to the corresponding pressure relief hole based on the total number-difficulty-strength mapping table according to the total number of the excavation moments of the corresponding pressure relief hole and the final difficulty of each excavation moment;
determining the maximum allowable bursting strength according to the first bursting strength of each pressure relief hole and the arrangement layout of all the pressure relief holes;
correcting the first bursting strength which is larger than the maximum allowable bursting strength to obtain a corresponding second bursting strength;
and obtaining the detonator set number of each pressure relief hole from the strength-set mapping table according to all the second explosion strengths, and performing rock burst prevention and control.
In this embodiment, the mining time may be 2 seconds, with pauses every 2 seconds to collect the face information.
In this embodiment, the operating parameter refers to operating power.
In this example, the crushing result refers to the corresponding crushing density after crushing of the ore during the excavation process.
In this embodiment, the excavation starts from the relief hole to the end of the excavation, wherein the number of excavation times involved, i.e., the total number of excavation times, is referred to.
In this embodiment, the total-difficulty-strength mapping table is predetermined by an expert, and includes the total number of excavation moments of different combinations, the final difficulty combination at each excavation moment, and the burst strength, so that the first burst strength can be directly obtained.
In this embodiment, the arrangement layout refers to the distribution situation of the pressure relief holes of the face, and the maximum allowable burst strength is obtained from all the first burst strengths, and the burst is performed according to the situation that the maximum cloth-based position may cause the rest of the sites to occur, so that the modification is performed, for example, the distribution situation indicates that the non-burst sites of the face may be damaged, and at this time, the burst strength needs to be reduced, that is, the modification is performed, so as to obtain the second burst strength.
In this embodiment, the strength-setting map includes the burst strength and the number of detonators consistent with the strength.
In this embodiment, the corresponding second burst strength =The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein S01 is the corresponding first bursting strength; k01 represents the maximum strength among the first burst strengths; d01 represents a damage coefficient determined based on the distribution position condition of the relief holes, and k01xd01 is the maximum allowable burst strength.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: three sets aiming at the excavating difficulty are constructed by acquiring the excavating parameters, the average difficulty is further acquired to obtain the final difficulty, the blasting strength is conveniently acquired through the mapping table, and then the second blasting strength is obtained by correcting according to the arrangement layout, so that a foundation is provided for subsequent detonator setting and rock explosion prevention and control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The deep roadway rock burst prevention and control method based on the infrared monitoring technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: infrared radiation detection is carried out on the face of the deep rock mass tunnel by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector;
step 2: according to the high-temperature radiation area displayed by the infrared radiation cloud picture, combining the mining working conditions of the deep rock mass tunnel, and primarily identifying the rock mass stress active area;
step 3: determining a rock burst risk area of the face and locking a high-stress area according to the primary identification result;
step 4: performing stress analysis on the high stress area, and arranging pressure relief holes;
step 5: monitoring the pressure relief process of the arranged pressure relief holes, and performing rock burst prevention and control;
wherein, step 5 includes:
monitoring the excavating parameters of each pressure relief hole at each excavating moment after excavating is started in real time, wherein the excavating parameters comprise working parameters of excavating equipment, excavating depth, first surface information of excavating side surfaces and second surface information of excavating bottom surfaces corresponding to the excavating depth and crushing results of excavating ores at each excavating moment;
according to the mining parameters, respectively calculating a mining difficulty set U1 corresponding to mining equipment, a mining difficulty set U2 corresponding to a mining process and a mining difficulty set U3 corresponding to a mining result;
；
wherein,representing the excavating power of the excavating equipment to the pressure relief hole at the j1 st excavating moment; />Representing the normal power of the excavating equipment; />The excavation depth of the pressure relief hole at the j1 st excavation time is represented; />Representing a normal depth function corresponding to the j1 st excavation power consistent case; />Representing participation weight corresponding to the first surface information at the j1 st mining time; />Representing participation weight corresponding to the second surface information at the j1 st mining time; />Representing flatness determined based on the first face information at the j1 st excavation timing; />Representing flatness determined based on the second face information at the j1 st excavation timing; />Representing a conventional flattening function corresponding to the condition that the j1 st digging power is consistent; />Representing the ore crushing density based on the crushing result at the j1 st excavation time; />A crushing density function corresponding to the j1 st excavation power; m1 represents the total number of times of excavation of the corresponding pressure relief holes;
removing the maximum value and the minimum value in U1, U2 and U3, and carrying out average treatment on the residual values in each set to obtain the average difficulty of each set;
based on the average difficulty of the three sets, determining the final difficulty of the corresponding pressure relief hole at the corresponding excavation time;
；
wherein Z1 represents the average difficulty for the U1 processed set; z2 represents the average difficulty for the U2 processed set; z3 represents the average difficulty for the U3 processed set;representing the set weights for U1; />Representing the set weights for U2; />Represents the set weight for U3, and +.>；/>Representing from->The average difficulty corresponding to the maximum weight is obtained;
setting a first blasting strength to the corresponding pressure relief hole based on the total number-difficulty-strength mapping table according to the total number of the excavation moments of the corresponding pressure relief hole and the final difficulty of each excavation moment;
determining the maximum allowable bursting strength according to the first bursting strength of each pressure relief hole and the arrangement layout of all the pressure relief holes;
correcting the first bursting strength which is larger than the maximum allowable bursting strength to obtain a corresponding second bursting strength;
and obtaining the detonator set number of each pressure relief hole from the strength-set mapping table according to all the second explosion strengths, and performing rock burst prevention and control.
2. The method for preventing and controlling rock burst of deep roadway based on infrared monitoring technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein before using the handheld infrared rock burst detector to detect infrared radiation of the face of the deep rock roadway, the method comprises:
acquiring the internal information of the deep rock mass tunnel, and constructing to obtain an internal structure;
determining a first space line of the face based on the internal structure, analyzing the internal structure and the first space line according to a safety monitoring model, and determining a safety monitoring position;
and outputting the safety monitoring position for reference of detection personnel.
3. The method for controlling rock burst prevention of a deep rock tunnel based on the infrared monitoring technology as set forth in claim 1, wherein the infrared radiation detection of the face of the deep rock tunnel is performed by using a handheld infrared rock burst detector, comprising:
detecting the face by adopting a handheld infrared rock burst detector according to different detection modes to obtain a plurality of detection images;
constructing and obtaining an infrared radiation cloud picture based on the plurality of detection images;
the detection mode comprises the following steps: the detection modes from top to bottom, from bottom to top, from left to right, from right to left, from middle to four sides and along the diagonal line.
4. The method for controlling rock burst of deep roadway based on infrared monitoring technology as set forth in claim 3, wherein the constructing an infrared radiation cloud image based on the plurality of detection images includes:
acquiring a pixel value of each position point in the detection image, and generating a detection matrix of each detection image;
carrying out position alignment treatment on each detection matrix, and intercepting to obtain a matrix to be compared of each detection image;
extracting element values of the same position points from all matrixes to be compared, and constructing an element array of each position point;
when the element array satisfiesWhen the element values in the element array are subjected to size sorting, an element scatter diagram is drawn, wherein ymax represents the maximum element value in the element array; ymin represents the minimum element value in the element array; />Representing an average element value in the element array; n1 represents the number of element values in the element array; />Representing the i1 st element value in the element array;
performing linear fitting on the element scatter diagram, further performing first average processing on fitting lines corresponding to linear fitting results to obtain final values, and filling the final values into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
if the element values do not meet the element values, calibrating the points which are the same as the element values of the position points from the corresponding matrix to be compared, and obtaining a point distribution diagram;
overlapping and comparing all the point distribution graphs obtained based on the position points to determine an overlapping duty ratio;
if the overlapping duty ratio is larger than or equal to the preset duty ratio, determining the current image color depth of each point distribution map, adjusting each corresponding point distribution map according to the preset color depth, extracting color depth adjusting element values of the same position points, performing second average processing to obtain a final value, and filling the final value into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
if the overlapping duty ratio is smaller than the preset duty ratio, respectively determining the number of color depth levels in the matrix to be compared, and filling element values of corresponding positions in the matrix to be compared with the maximum number of color depth levels into corresponding element positions of a blank matrix;
based on the filling result, obtaining a final matrix, converting the final matrix, and constructing an infrared radiation cloud picture.
5. The method for controlling rock burst prevention and control of a deep roadway based on an infrared monitoring technology according to claim 1, wherein the method for primarily identifying a rock stress active region by combining a mining working condition of the deep rock roadway according to a high-temperature radiation region displayed by an infrared radiation cloud picture comprises the following steps:
analyzing the mining working conditions based on a working condition analysis model, and determining mining information of different mining points in a mining time period from the starting mining time to the acquiring time of the mining working conditions;
associating the mining points with the location points of the internal structure, and attaching mining information of different location points to the internal structure;
meanwhile, according to the spatial relationship between the infrared radiation cloud picture and the internal structure, extracting relevant exploitation space from the attached internal structure;
and identifying the rock mass stress active region based on the mining space and the infrared radiation cloud picture.
6. The method for controlling rock burst prevention and control of deep roadway based on infrared monitoring technology as set forth in claim 1, wherein determining a rock burst risk area of a face and locking a high stress area according to a preliminary identification result comprises:
marking the position points meeting the high radiation requirement according to the primary identification result;
dividing regional boundaries according to the labeling result to obtain a rock burst risk region;
and determining a high-stress area based on a preset corresponding relation between the high stress and the rock burst risk.
7. The method for controlling rock burst in a deep roadway based on the infrared monitoring technology according to claim 1, wherein the stress analysis is performed on the high stress area, and the pressure relief holes are arranged, comprising:
dividing the high-stress area according to the stress of each area point in the high-stress area, and marking the significance of the same color on the same stress level to obtain marking distribution, wherein the higher the stress level is, the darker the corresponding marking color is;
and obtaining a deployment scheme based on the grade-deployment mapping table, and arranging pressure relief holes according to the deployment scheme.
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