RU2519789C1 - Portable laboratory-field irrigation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: portable laboratory-field irrigation machine comprises a horizontal frame with panel, a water tank, a filter, supply and discharge water conducts with the valve, a sprinkler comprising the sequentially fixed nipple, a thick flexible tube with collars, a sleeve, and a bunch of thin flexible tubes fixed in it. The water tank is mounted above the frame on the vertical racks with a hanger bracket. Between the discharge water conduct and the nipple a float mechanism is mounted comprising a housing with the rubber bulb mounted on it on the side on the drainage tube with a drain opening and the sequentially mounted in it the needle slot, the needle and the float with the guide. The drip forming ends of the thin flexible sprinkler tubes are fixed on a horizontal panel along the Archimedean spiral with the same pitch.

EFFECT: improving the uniformity and stability of distribution of rain on the area of irrigation and simplification of the unit design.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to reproduce rain in laboratory and field conditions.

Known laboratory sprinkler installation, consisting of sections with a vibrating unit and pressure pipelines with nozzles equipped with flexible tubes and adapters [1]. The disadvantage of this device is the low uniformity of the distribution of rain over the irrigation area. Water flowing through nozzles to flexible tubes fills them unevenly. Those tubes that are filled first begin to suck out water from the nozzles, creating a vacuum in it that prevents the remaining tubes from filling, which in turn leads to a large uneven flow of water between them.

Known laboratory field irrigation installation, consisting of a tank, engine, pump, filter, valve, pressure pipe and sprinkler [2]. The sprinkler is made of conduits fixed to the frame with tees, valves, overflow device and sprinkler units. Sprinkling units consist of washers with a nozzle, a nipple, a vertical thick flexible tube, clamps, a sleeve and thin flexible tubes with calibrated bushings sequentially mounted on a tee.

Water is supplied through the nozzles in the sprinkler units to thin flexible tubes with calibrated bushings and is distributed over them over the entire irrigation area. The bore of the calibrated bushings is of little importance. Small air bubbles in the water partially block them. This reason does not allow all thin flexible tubes with calibrated bushings to stably pass the same amount of water and, as a result, maintain the same intensity over the entire irrigation area.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the uniformity and stability of the distribution of rain over the irrigation area and simplify the design when working with small pilot sites.

To eliminate these shortcomings and solve the problem, a portable laboratory field irrigation system is proposed, consisting of a horizontal frame, vertical racks with a hanging bracket, a locking mechanism with a water tank and a lid, a supply and pressure pipe with a filter and a valve, a float system with a rubber bulb and a sprinkler with a horizontal panel.

The water tank is made of transparent material with a loose fitting lid, which provides convenient control over the water level and its timely top-up. It is fixed above a horizontal frame with a panel.

The float mechanism is fixed to the pressure pipe. It consists of a collapsible transparent case with sequentially installed nests of a needle, a needle, a float with a guide, which is inserted into the nipple in the lower part of the case. The float mechanism provides for any amount of water in the tank its constant level in the body, therefore, a constant irrigation rate.

The sprinkler includes a thick flexible tube with clamps, a sleeve and a bundle of thin flexible tubes sequentially fixed to the nipple. In this case, thin flexible tubes before installation are selected according to the throughput for water. Pre-selection ensures the same water supply through each thin flexible tube, which increases the stability of the entire sprinkler.

Thin flexible tubes with the upper ends are rigidly fixed in the sleeve, and the lower ones in the horizontal panel in a spiral of Archimedes so that the distance between adjacent fixation points in a spiral is the same for the entire sprinkler.

Figure 1 shows a portable laboratory field irrigation system, figure 2 is an enlarged float mechanism, figure 3 is a bottom view of the irrigation system.

Portable laboratory field irrigation system (Fig. 1) consists of a container 1 with a cover 2, a suspension bracket 3, vertical struts 4, locking mechanisms 5, a filter 6, a supply pipe 7, a valve 8, a pressure pipe 9, a float mechanism 10, rubber pears 11, nipple 12, thick flexible tube 13 with clamps 14, sleeve 15, thin flexible tubes 16, frame 17 and horizontal panel 18 (figure 3).

The float mechanism 10 (FIG. 2) with a rubber bulb 11 is mounted on the pressure conduit 9. It consists of a collapsible transparent body 19 with a needle socket 20, a needle 21, a float 22, a guide 23, and a nipple 12. The rubber bulb 11 s a drainage hole 24 on the housing 19 of the float mechanism 10 is fixed laterally through the drainage tube 25.

Figure 3 (bottom view) shows a diagram of the fixation of the droplet-forming ends of thin flexible tubes 16 on the horizontal panel 18. The fixation is made in a spiral of Archimedes. Moreover, the distance between the attachment points of adjacent thin flexible tubes 16 is the same along the entire length of the spiral.

Portable laboratory field sprinkler works as follows. For the suspension bracket 3 (figure 1), the installation is hung over the test object. The lid 2 opens and the tank 1 is filled with water. Water through the filter 6 enters the supply conduit 7 to the valve 8. At the beginning of operation, the valve 8 opens and the water flows through the pressure conduit 9 into the float mechanism 10 (Fig. 2) to the needle socket 20, passes through its hole and enters the housing 19, gradually filling it, displaces air through the drainage pipe 25 and the rubber bulb 11 into the drainage hole 24. The water level rises and the water lifts the float 22 with the needle 21. The needle 21 closes the hole of the nest 20, and water intake is limited . From the housing 19 of the float mechanism 10, water flows through the cavities in the guide 23 to the nipple 12. Then, through the thick flexible tube 13 (Fig. 1) with clamps 14, it falls into the sleeve 15 with thin flexible tubes 16. Through it, under its own weight, the water flows to drip-forming ends, which are fixed in a horizontal panel 18 (Fig.3) on the frame 17 in a spiral of Archimedes with the same pitch.

The accelerated entry of the sprinkler system into operation is achieved by blocking the drainage hole 24 (FIG. 2) with a finger while squeezing the rubber bulb 11. At the same time, excess pressure is created in the housing 19 of the float mechanism 10, which forces water through thin flexible tubes 16 to remove water them air bubbles.

After the start of sprinkling, the unit is manually rotated around the vertical axis. As it damps, the rotational movement of the sprinkler resumes regularly.

The selection of thin flexible tubes 16 in terms of throughput and the fixation of the droplet-forming ends in a spiral of Archimedes with the same step together with the rotational movement around the vertical axis, as well as the use of the float mechanism 10 to stabilize the water level allow to obtain a high uniformity of the distribution of water drops over the irrigation area.

The water tank 1 (figure 1) and the housing 19 of the float mechanism 10 (figure 2) are made of transparent material. This provides visual control over the irrigation process and the timely addition of water to the tank 1, without interrupting the irrigation.

The rain intensity in a portable laboratory field irrigation system is changed by moving the water tank 1 (FIG. 1) along the vertical posts 4, loosening the locking mechanisms 5. When the distance between the sleeve 15 and the horizontal panel 18 decreases, the rain intensity decreases.

Sprinkling stops by shutting off the valve 8 or after all water has expired from the tank 1 of the float mechanism 10 and the sprinkler.

The set of essential features of the proposed device provides a technical result - a uniform and stable artificial sprinkling while simplifying the design. Sprinkler installation is made of simple elements and available materials, easy and reliable in operation.

Literature

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1648288 class. A01G 25/00, 1991.

2. Patent for invention No. 2417578 class. A01G 25/00, 2011.

Claims (5)

1. Portable laboratory field irrigation system, including a horizontal frame with a panel, a water tank, a filter, a supply and pressure water conduits with a valve, a sprinkler consisting of sequentially fixed nipples, a thick flexible tube with clamps, a sleeve and a beam of thin flexible tubes fixed in it tubes, characterized in that the water tank is mounted above the frame on vertical racks with a hanging bracket, a float mechanism is installed between the pressure conduit and the nipple, consisting of a housing with a failure fixed to it y on the drain tube rubber bulb with the drain hole and sequentially installed therein a needle jacks, needles and float to the guide, and the ends of drip sprinkler thin flexible tubes secured to the horizontal bar of the Archimedes spiral with the same pitch. 2. Portable laboratory field irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tank is fixed by means of fixing mechanisms on vertical racks with the possibility of movement in the vertical direction relative to the frame and with the possibility of rotation around a vertical axis with the sprinkler. 3. Portable laboratory field irrigation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tank and the housing of the float mechanism are made of transparent material. 4. Portable laboratory field irrigation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tank is provided with a lid that does not fit snugly against it. 5. The portable laboratory field irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thin flexible tubes of the sprinkler are pre-selected for water throughput.

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